Chapter 13: I/O FORMAT

 

 

13.1 Introduction

 

The Version 1 header has been in use since 1994. During the period since, several ways to improve on it became apparent, and these are put into effect with Version 3. Firstly, Version 1 files are unnecessarily long because before every time period there are about 3.5 Mbytes of header record, only a small fraction of which is used. Version 1 had a first effort at a format that was self-describing, in that the header contains information about all the fields in the file. However it was made a little awkward to use because this information on each field is buried in the header. When adding a new field, the location and order in the header had to be consistent, as well as updating the total number of fields, so the files were difficult to manipulate.

 

Version 3 improves in both respects: the files are shorter, and it becomes easier to add or retrieve selected fields. The length of the header is reduced. The header still has 20 sections (second index which indicates program name), but now only 50 integers, and 20 reals, together with their 80-character descriptions, are in each section. This makes the header size a little over 100 kbytes. Moreover, there is only one header which is at the beginning of the file, but there is enough generality in the format to allow more headers at other times such as at the beginning of a restart run or when a nest moves. The header still contains information about the preprocessor options, and domain characteristics and location. However it no longer contains 1-dimensional fields, such as sigma or pressure levels, nor information about what is in the rest of the file. Version 3 introduces the concept of a sub-header, a 1-record description directly ahead of each field. This description includes information on the name, dimensionality, index order, index range, size and time of the following field. Flags in the file indicate whether to read a "big header'', or sub-header and field, or whether it is the end of a time period. It can be seen that it is easy to insert a field as long as it is accompanied by a relevant flag and sub-header. It is also easy to search for a given field by reading sub-headers until a match is found then reading the following field.

 

 

13.2 Version 3 File Format

 

An MM5 Version 3 modeling system output file contains the following records:

 

(first time period)

big header flag (integer value of 0)

big header

sub-header flag (integer value of 1)

sub-header

field

sub-header flag (integer value of 1)

sub-header

field

sub-header flag (integer value of 1)

sub-header

field

....

....

end-of-time-period flag (integer value of 2)

(second time period)

sub-header flag (integer value of 1)

sub-header

field

sub-header flag (integer value of 1)

sub-header

field

sub-header flag (integer value of 1)

sub-header

field

....

....

end-of-time-period flag (integer value of 2)

(and so on ....)

 

No particular order of fields is assumed, other than that they are chronologically grouped. When reading files in the modeling system, each field has to be read and matched to an expected 8-character name before being assigned to a variable in the program. Note that 1D, 2D, and 3D fields could be mixed, but that the sub-header gives enough information to assign an appropriate array to the read statement.

 

Thus, a simple read program would look like:

 

10      continue

        read (input_unit, end=900) flag

        if (flag.eq.0) then

        read (input_unit) big header

        go to 10

        else if (flag.eq.1) then

        read (input_unit) sub header

        read (input_unit) field

        go to 10

        else if (flag.eq.2) then

        print *, `end of time period'

        go to 10

        end if

900     continue

 

In Version 3, there are two boundary condition files: one contains only the lateral boundary condition arrays, and the other the lower boundary condition file which fields like substrate temperature and SST. Both files have the same file structure as the rest of modeling system output files.

 

13.2.1 Big Header

 

The big header has four 2-D arrays similar to that in the V1/V2 system, which we refer to in the V3 modeling system programs as

 

BHI,BHR,BHIC,BHRC

 

and the dimensions of these arrays are

 

BHI(50,20),BHR(20,20),BHIC(50,20),BHRC(20,20)

 

where BHI is an integer array, and BHIC is the companion array that contains the description of what is in BHI. Similarly BHR is a real array, and BHRC contains the description of what is in BHR.

 

The first value in the header, BHI(1,1), still represents data types. But there are some changes as shown below:

 

                                       

BHI(1,1)

Data Types
 

1

Terrain
 

2

Regrid
 

3

Little_R / Rawins
 

4

Rawins' surface analysis
 

5

Model initial condition file
 

6

Model lower boundary condition file
 

7

Model lateral boundary condition file
 

8

Interpolated model output on pressure levels
 

11

Model output

 

 

MM5 model output actually occupies header locations 11 through 16.

 

 

13.2.2 Sub Header

 

A sub-header contains the following information:

 

ndim, start_index(4), end_index(4), xtime, staggering, ordering, current_date, name, units, description

 

where
 

ndim:

integer

dimension of the field (integer)

start_index:

integer(4)

starting indices of the field array (generally 1's)

end_index:

integer(4)

ending indices of the field array (generally IX, JX, KX, and 1) (the fourth dimension is not yet used)

xtime:

real

the integration or forecast time for this field (unit in minutes)

staggering:

char*4

whether the field is at dot or cross point (character C or D)

ordering:

char*4

the order of the field array dimension (4-character string with the following values:

YXP: 3-D field, pressure data dimensioned by (IX,JX,KXP)

YXS: 3-D field, sigma data dimensioned by (IX,JX,KXS)

YXW: 3-D field, sigma data dimensioned by (IX,JX,KXS+1) (e.g. vertical motion in MM5)

YX: 2-D field, with array dimensioned by (IX,JX) with IX in Y direction.

CA: 2-D field, with array dimensioned by (landuse-categories,2). Arrays storing land property values, such as albedo, roughness length, etc.

XSB: 3-D field, containing north and south boundary arrays, dimensioned by (JX,KXS,5)

YSB: 3-D field, containing west and east boundary arrays, dimensioned by (IX,KXS,5)

XWB: 3-D field, containing north and south boundary arrays for vertical motion, dimensioned by (JX,KXS+1,5)

YWB: 3-D field, containing west and east boundary arrays forvertical motion, dimensioned by (IX,KXS+1,5)

P: 1-D field, pressure level array

S: 1-D field, sigma level array

current_date:

char*24

24-character representation of date valid for this field

name:

char*8

8-character field name (kept the same as in Version 1/2 system)

unit:

char*25

25-character unit description

description:

char*46

field description (kept mostly the same as in Version 1/2 system)

 

 

 

13.2.3 Special Header Location

 

There are few locations in big header that contains special information about the data (where X is the number indicating the program name:

 

BHI(1,1):        Program name for this dataset

BHI(2,X):        Version 3 MM5 system format edition number

BHI(3,X):        Program version number

BHI(4,X):        Program minor revision number

BHI(5-10,X):    Beginning time for this dataset

BHI(12,X):      Number of vertical levels in this dataset

BHR(1,X):       Time interval in the dataset

 

 

13.2.4 Output Units

 

The units used in the modeling system output are mostly MKS. For example:

 

Pressure: Pascal

Distance: m

 

Sigma-level data in V3 are no longer coupled (e.g. multiplied by p*).

 

 

13.3 Explanation of Output Field List

 

In the following pages, you will see a complete list of big record header in each MM5 dataset, and a list of output fields from the dataset. What printed in the output field list are the following: field name, dimension of the field (either 1, 2 or 3), first (y), second (x), and third (pressure or s) dimension of the field, forth dimension of the field (1; and not used), whether the field is a cross (C) or dot (D) one, how the field is ordered (YXS, for example), a value from the field (in the middle of the domain), and the unit for the field. For example,

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

13.4 Big Header Record for TERRAIN Output

 

TERRAIN Portion of big header: 

 

***Integers: 

 

BHI( 1, 1): 1 : PROGRAM NAME : TERRAIN
BHI( 2, 1): 1 : TERRAIN VERSION 3 MM5 SYSTEM FORMAT EDITION NUMBER
BHI( 3, 1): 6 : TERRAIN PROGRAM VERSION NUMBER
BHI( 4, 1): 1 : TERRAIN PROGRAM MINOR REVISION NUMBER
BHI( 5, 1): 35 : COARSE DOMAIN GRID DIMENSION IN I (N-S) DIRECTION
BHI( 6, 1): 41 : COARSE DOMAIN GRID DIMENSION IN J (E-W) DIRECTION
BHI( 7, 1): 1 : MAP PROJECTION. 1: LAMBERT CONFORMAL, 2: POLAR STEREOGRAPHIC,
                    3: MERCATOR
BHI( 8, 1): 0 : IS COARSE DOMAIN EXPANDED?, 1: YES, 0: NO
BHI( 9, 1): 35 : EXPANDED COARSE DOMAIN GRID DIMENSION IN I DIRECTION
BHI( 10, 1): 41 : EXPANDED COARSE DOMAIN GRID DIMENSION IN J DIRECTION
BHI( 11, 1): 0 : GRID OFFSET IN I DIR DUE TO COARSE GRID EXPANSION
BHI( 12, 1): 0 : GRID OFFSET IN J DIR DUE TO COARSE GRID EXPANSION
BHI( 13, 1): 1 : DOMAIN ID
BHI( 14, 1): 1 : MOTHER DOMAIN ID
BHI( 15, 1): 0 : NEST LEVEL (0: COARSE MESH)
BHI( 16, 1): 35 : DOMAIN GRID DIMENSION IN I DIRECTION
BHI( 17, 1): 41 : DOMAIN GRID DIMENSION IN J DIRECTION
BHI( 18, 1): 1 : I LOCATION IN THE MOTHER DOMAIN OF THE DOMAIN POINT (1,1)
BHI( 19, 1): 1 : J LOCATION IN THE MOTHER DOMAIN OF THE DOMAIN POINT (1,1)
BHI( 20, 1): 1 : DOMAIN GRID SIZE RATIO WITH RESPECT TO COARSE DOMAIN
BHI( 21, 1): 1 : DOMAIN GRID SIZE RATIO WITH RESPECT TO MOTHER DOMAIN
BHI( 22, 1): 2 : SMOOTHER (1: 1-2-1, 2:SMOOTHER-DESMOOTHER)
BHI( 23, 1): 16 : USGS 25-CATEGORY LAND USE: WATER CATEGORY
BHI( 24, 1): 1 : IS THIS DOMAIN A ONE-WAY OR TWO-WAY NEST? 1: 1-WAY,
                 2: 2-WAY. 1 FOR DOMAIN 1 

 

***Floats:

 

BHR( 1, 1): 90000.00 : COARSE DOMAIN GRID DISTANCE (m)
BHR( 2, 1): 36.00 : COARSE DOMAIN CENTER LATITUDE (degree)
BHR( 3, 1): -85.00 : COARSE DOMAIN CENTER LONGITUDE (degree)
BHR( 4, 1): 0.72 : CONE FACTOR
BHR( 5, 1): 60.00 : TRUE LATITUDE 1 (degree)
BHR( 6, 1): 30.00 : TRUE LATITUDE 2 (degree)
BHR( 7, 1): 90.00 : POLE POSITION IN DEGREE LATITUDE
BHR( 8, 1):360000.00 : APPROX EXPANSION (m)
BHR( 9, 1): 90000.00 : GRID DISTANCE (m) OF THIS DOMAIN
BHR( 10, 1): 1.00 : I LOCATION IN THE COARSE DOMAIN OF THE DOMAIN POINT (1,1)
BHR( 11, 1): 1.00 : J LOCATION IN THE COARSE DOMAIN OF THE DOMAIN POINT (1,1)
BHR( 12, 1): 35.00 : I LOCATION IN THE COARSE DOMAIN OF THE DOMAIN POINT (IX,JX)
BHR( 13, 1): 41.00 : J LOCATION IN THE COARSE DOMAIN OF THE DOMAIN POINT (IX,JX)
BHR( 14, 1): 0.50 : TERRAIN DATA RESOLUTION (in degree)
BHR( 15, 1): 0.50 : LANDUSE DATA RESOLUTION (in degree)

 

 

13.4.1 Terrain Output Fields (with LSM option)

 

0000-00-00_00:00:00 0.00000 Hours 

 

TERRAIN 2 35 41 1 1 C YX : 475.45861816 m
LAND USE 2 35 41 1 1 C YX : 11.00000000 category
VEGFRC01 2 35 41 1 1 C YX : 39.89308548 %
VEGFRC02 2 35 41 1 1 C YX : 43.45289612 %
VEGFRC03 2 35 41 1 1 C YX : 50.00000000 %
VEGFRC04 2 35 41 1 1 C YX : 68.57250977 %
VEGFRC05 2 35 41 1 1 C YX : 100.00000000 %
VEGFRC06 2 35 41 1 1 C YX : 98.89189148 %
VEGFRC07 2 35 41 1 1 C YX : 99.99304199 %
VEGFRC08 2 35 41 1 1 C YX : 94.87342834 %
VEGFRC09 2 35 41 1 1 C YX : 94.89308167 %
VEGFRC10 2 35 41 1 1 C YX : 77.98728943 %
VEGFRC11 2 35 41 1 1 C YX : 48.47255707 %
VEGFRC12 2 35 41 1 1 C YX : 40.46560287 %
TEMPGRD 2 35 41 1 1 C YX : 285.15682983 K
LANDMASK 2 35 41 1 1 C YX : 1.00000000 category
SOILINDX 2 35 41 1 1 C YX : 6.00000000 category
LATITCRS 2 35 41 1 1 C YX : 35.58544922 degree
LONGICRS 2 35 41 1 1 C YX : -85.50784302 degree
MAPFACCR 2 35 41 1 1 C YX : 0.98003817 dimensionless
LATITDOT 2 35 41 1 1 D YX : 35.16879654 degree
LONGIDOT 2 35 41 1 1 D YX : -86.00925446 degree
MAPFACDT 2 35 41 1 1 D YX : 0.98123306 dimensionless
CORIOLIS 2 35 41 1 1 D YX : 0.00008400 1/s

 

 

 

13.5 Big Header Record for REGRID output

 

REGRID Portion of big header:

 

***Integers:

 

BHI( 2, 2): 1 : REGRID Version 3 MM5 System Format Edition Number
BHI( 3, 2): 6 : REGRID Program Version Number
BHI( 4, 2): 1 : REGRID Program Minor Revision Number
BHI( 5, 2): 1993 : Four digit year of the start time

BHI( 6, 2): 3 : Two digit month (01 through 12) of the start time

BHI( 7, 2): 13 : Two digit day (01 through 31) of the start time

BHI( 8, 2): 0 : Two digit hour (00 through 23) of the start time

BHI( 9, 2): 0 : Two digit minute (00 through 59) of the start time

BHI( 10, 2): 0 : Two digit second (00 through 59) of the start time

BHI( 11, 2): 0 : Four digit ten thousandth of a second (0000 through 9999)

                     of the start time

BHI( 12, 2): 21 : Anticipated number of vertical levels in 3d data

 

***Floats:

 

BHR( 1, 2): 43200.00 : Time increment between analysis times (s)

BHR( 2, 2): 10000.00 : Top pressure used in analysis, pressure defining model lid (Pa)

 

 

13.5.1 REGRID Output Fields (with LSM option)

 

1993-03-13_00:00:00.0000 0.00000 Hours

 

T 3 35 41 21 1 C YXP : 262.65667725 K

U 3 35 41 21 1 D YXP : 7.14344168 m/s

V 3 35 41 21 1 D YXP : 10.38981056 m/s

RH 3 35 41 21 1 C YXP : 96.45741272 %

H 3 35 41 21 1 C YXP : 3529.16406250 m

ALBSNOMX 2 35 41 1 1 C YX : 38.97982025 %

PSEALVLC 2 35 41 1 1 C YX : 101799.22656250 Pa

SKINTEMP 2 35 41 1 1 C YX : 276.31039429 K

WEASD 2 35 41 1 1 C YX : 0.00000000 kg m{-2}

SOILT010 2 35 41 1 1 C YX : 277.13571167 K

SOILT200 2 35 41 1 1 C YX : 280.43368530 K

SOILT400 2 35 41 1 1 C YX : 286.95452881 K

SOILM010 2 35 41 1 1 C YX : 0.33993921 fraction

SOILM200 2 35 41 1 1 C YX : 0.37924942 fraction

SEAICE 2 35 41 1 1 C YX : 0.00000000 0/1 Flag

SNOWCOVR 2 35 41 1 1 C YX : 0.00000000 0/1 Flag

PSEALVLD 2 35 41 1 1 D YX : 101726.61718750 Pa

TERRAIN 2 35 41 1 1 C YX : 475.45861816 m

LAND USE 2 35 41 1 1 C YX : 11.00000000 category

VEGFRC01 2 35 41 1 1 C YX : 39.89308548 %

VEGFRC02 2 35 41 1 1 C YX : 43.45289612 %

VEGFRC03 2 35 41 1 1 C YX : 50.00000000 %

VEGFRC04 2 35 41 1 1 C YX : 68.57250977 %

VEGFRC05 2 35 41 1 1 C YX : 100.00000000 %

VEGFRC06 2 35 41 1 1 C YX : 98.89189148 %

VEGFRC07 2 35 41 1 1 C YX : 99.99304199 %

VEGFRC08 2 35 41 1 1 C YX : 94.87342834 %

VEGFRC09 2 35 41 1 1 C YX : 94.89308167 %

VEGFRC10 2 35 41 1 1 C YX : 77.98728943 %

VEGFRC11 2 35 41 1 1 C YX : 48.47255707 %

VEGFRC12 2 35 41 1 1 C YX : 40.46560287 %

TEMPGRD 2 35 41 1 1 C YX : 285.15682983 K

LANDMASK 2 35 41 1 1 C YX : 1.00000000 category

SOILINDX 2 35 41 1 1 C YX : 6.00000000 category

LATITCRS 2 35 41 1 1 C YX : 35.58544922 degree

LONGICRS 2 35 41 1 1 C YX : -85.50784302 degree

MAPFACCR 2 35 41 1 1 C YX : 0.98003817 dimensionless

LATITDOT 2 35 41 1 1 D YX : 35.16879654 degree

LONGIDOT 2 35 41 1 1 D YX : -86.00925446 degree

MAPFACDT 2 35 41 1 1 D YX : 0.98123306 dimensionless

CORIOLIS 2 35 41 1 1 D YX : 0.00008400 1/s

PRESSURE 1 21 1 1 1 P P : 65000.00000000 Pa

 

 

 

13.6 Big Header Record for little_r/RAWINS Output

 

RAWINS Portion of big header:

 

***Integers:

 

BHI( 2, 3): 1 : little_r Version 3 MM5 System Format Edition Number

BHI( 3, 3): 6 : little_r Program Version Number

BHI( 4, 3): 1 : little_r Program Minor Revision Number

BHI( 5, 3): 1993 : FOUR-DIGIT YEAR OF THE STAR TIME (1900 - 2099)

BHI( 6, 3): 3 : TWO-DIGIT MONTH OF THE START TIME (01-12)

BHI( 7, 3): 13 : TWO-DIGIT DAY OF THE START TIME (01-31)

BHI( 8, 3): 0 : TWO-DIGIT HOUR OF THE START TIME (00-23)

BHI( 9, 3): 0 : TWO-DIGIT MINUTE OF THE START TIME (00-59)

BHI( 10, 3): 0 : TWO-DIGIT SECOND OF THE START TIME (00-59)

BHI( 11, 3): 0 : FOUR-DIGIT TEN-THOUSANDTH OF A SECOND OF THE START TIME (

0000-9999)

BHI( 12, 3): 21 : NUMBER OF PRESSURE LEVELS IN OUTPUT, INCLUDING SURFACE LEVEL

 

***Floats:

 

BHR( 1, 3): 43200.00 : TIME DIFFERENCE (s) BETWEEN OUTPUT ANALYSIS TIMES

BHR( 2, 3): 10.00 : MAXIMUM TEMPERATURE DIFFERENCE ALLOWED IN ERROR MAX (K)

BHR( 3, 3): 13.00 : MAXIMUM SPEED DIFFERENCE ALLOWED IN ERROR MAX (m/s)

BHR( 4, 3): 6.00 : MAXIMUM SEA-LEVEL PRESSURE DIFFERENCE ALLOWED IN ERROR MAX (Pa)

BHR( 5, 3): 1.00 : TOLERANCE FOR BUDDY CHECK (0 = NO BUDDY CHECK)

 

 

13.6.1 little_r/RAWINS Output Fields (with LSM option)

 

1993-03-13_00:00:00.0000 0.00000 Hours

 

T 3 35 41 21 1 C YXP : 263.60055542 K

U 3 35 41 21 1 D YXP : 7.07863760 m/s

V 3 35 41 21 1 D YXP : 9.47566032 m/s

RH 3 35 41 21 1 C YXP : 100.00000000 %

H 3 35 41 21 1 C YXP : 3529.16406250 m

ALBSNOMX 2 35 41 1 1 C YX : 38.97982025 %

PSEALVLC 2 35 41 1 1 C YX : 101740.06250000 Pa

SKINTEMP 2 35 41 1 1 C YX : 276.31039429 K

WEASD 2 35 41 1 1 C YX : 0.00000000 kg m{-2}

SOILT010 2 35 41 1 1 C YX : 277.13571167 K

SOILT200 2 35 41 1 1 C YX : 280.43368530 K

SOILT400 2 35 41 1 1 C YX : 286.95452881 K

SOILM010 2 35 41 1 1 C YX : 0.33993921 fraction

SOILM200 2 35 41 1 1 C YX : 0.37924942 fraction

SEAICE 2 35 41 1 1 C YX : 0.00000000 0/1 Flag

SNOWCOVR 2 35 41 1 1 C YX : 0.00000000 0/1 Flag

PSEALVLD 2 35 41 1 1 D YX : 101726.61718750 Pa

TERRAIN 2 35 41 1 1 C YX : 475.45861816 m

LAND USE 2 35 41 1 1 C YX : 11.00000000 category

VEGFRC01 2 35 41 1 1 C YX : 39.89308548 %

VEGFRC02 2 35 41 1 1 C YX : 43.45289612 %

VEGFRC03 2 35 41 1 1 C YX : 50.00000000 %

VEGFRC04 2 35 41 1 1 C YX : 68.57250977 %

VEGFRC05 2 35 41 1 1 C YX : 100.00000000 %

VEGFRC06 2 35 41 1 1 C YX : 98.89189148 %

VEGFRC07 2 35 41 1 1 C YX : 99.99304199 %

VEGFRC08 2 35 41 1 1 C YX : 94.87342834 %

VEGFRC09 2 35 41 1 1 C YX : 94.89308167 %

VEGFRC10 2 35 41 1 1 C YX : 77.98728943 %

VEGFRC11 2 35 41 1 1 C YX : 48.47255707 %

VEGFRC12 2 35 41 1 1 C YX : 40.46560287 %

TEMPGRD 2 35 41 1 1 C YX : 285.15682983 K

LANDMASK 2 35 41 1 1 C YX : 1.00000000 category

SOILINDX 2 35 41 1 1 C YX : 6.00000000 category

LATITCRS 2 35 41 1 1 C YX : 35.58544922 degree

LONGICRS 2 35 41 1 1 C YX : -85.50784302 degree

MAPFACCR 2 35 41 1 1 C YX : 0.98003817 dimensionless

LATITDOT 2 35 41 1 1 D YX : 35.16879654 degree

LONGIDOT 2 35 41 1 1 D YX : -86.00925446 degree

MAPFACDT 2 35 41 1 1 D YX : 0.98123306 dimensionless

CORIOLIS 2 35 41 1 1 D YX : 0.00008400 1/s

PRESSURE 1 21 1 1 1 P P : 65000.00000000 Pa

 

 

 

13.7 Big Header Record for little_r/RAWINS Surface FDDA Output

 

 

SFC RAWINS Portion of big header:

 

***Integers:

 

BHI( 2, 4): 1 : little_r Version 3 MM5 System Format Edition Number

BHI( 3, 4): 6 : little_r Program Version Number

BHI( 4, 4): 1 : little_r Program Minor Revision Number

BHI( 5, 4): 1993 : FOUR-DIGIT YEAR OF THE STAR TIME (1900 - 2099)

BHI( 6, 4): 3 : TWO-DIGIT MONTH OF THE START TIME (01-12)

BHI( 7, 4): 13 : TWO-DIGIT DAY OF THE START TIME (01-31)

BHI( 8, 4): 0 : TWO-DIGIT HOUR OF THE START TIME (00-23)

BHI( 9, 4): 0 : TWO-DIGIT MINUTE OF THE START TIME (00-59)

BHI( 10, 4): 0 : TWO-DIGIT SECOND OF THE START TIME (00-59)

BHI( 11, 4): 0 : FOUR-DIGIT TEN-THOUSANDTH OF A SECOND OF THE START TIME (

0000-9999)

BHI( 12, 4): 1 : NUMBER OF PRESSURE LEVELS IN OUTPUT, INCLUDING SURFACE LEVEL

 

***Floats:

 

BHR( 1, 4): 10800.00 : TIME DIFFERENCE (seconds) BETWEEN SURFACE ANALYSES

 

 

13.7.1 little_r/RAWINS Surface FDDA Output Fields

 

1993-03-13_00:00:00.0000 0.00000 Hours

 

T 2 35 41 1 1 C YX : 273.91900635 K

U 2 35 41 1 1 D YX : -0.72313094 m/s

V 2 35 41 1 1 D YX : -4.36657429 m/s

RH 2 35 41 1 1 C YX : 91.08442688 %

Q 2 35 41 1 1 C YX : 0.00384220 kg kg{-1}

PSTARCRS 2 35 41 1 1 C YX : 85925.07812500 Pa

PSEALVLC 2 35 41 1 1 C YX : 101738.28125000 Pa

TOBBOX 2 35 41 1 1 C YX : 13.19999981 Obs within 250 km

 

 

 

13.8 Big Header Record for INTERPF Output

 

 

INTERP Portion of big header:

 

***Integers:

 

BHI( 2, 5): 1 : INTERP Version 3 MM5 System Format Edition Number

BHI( 3, 5): 6 : INTERP Program Version Number

BHI( 4, 5): 1 : INTERP Program Minor Revision Number

BHI( 5, 5): 1993 : Four-digit year of start time

BHI( 6, 5): 3 : Month of the year of the start time (1-12)

BHI( 7, 5): 13 : Day of the month of the start time (1-31)

BHI( 8, 5): 0 : Hour of the day of the start time (0-23)

BHI( 9, 5): 0 : Minute of the start time (0-59)

BHI( 10, 5): 0 : Second of the start time (0-59)

BHI( 11, 5): 0 : Ten thousandths of a second of the start time (0-9999)

BHI( 12, 5): 23 : Number of half-sigma layers in the model input data (top down)

 

***Floats:

 

BHR( 1, 5): 43200.00 : Time difference (seconds) between model IC input files

BHR( 2, 5):100000.00 : Non-hydrostatic base state sea-level pressure (Pa)

BHR( 3, 5): 275.00 : Non-hydrostatic base state sea-level temperature (K)

BHR( 4, 5): 50.00 : Non-hydrostatic base state lapse rate d(T)/d(ln P)

BHR( 5, 5): 0.00 : Non-hydrostatic base state isothermal stratospheric

temperature (K)

 

 

13.8.1 INTERPF Output Fields (with LSM option)

 

1993-03-13_00:00:00.0000 0.00000 Hours

 

T 3 35 41 23 1 C YXS : 259.52917480 K

U 3 35 41 23 1 D YXS : 13.80757618 m/s

V 3 35 41 23 1 D YXS : 14.90762901 m/s

Q 3 35 41 23 1 C YXS : 0.00224648 kg/kg

PP 3 35 41 23 1 C YXS : 1911.64038086 Pa

W 3 35 41 24 1 C YXW : 0.04734292 m/s

GROUND T 2 35 41 1 1 C YX : 273.84320068 K

PSTARCRS 2 35 41 1 1 C YX : 84232.07031250 Pa

TSFC 2 35 41 1 1 C YX : 273.84320068 K

USFC 2 35 41 1 1 D YX : -0.79890132 m/s

VSFC 2 35 41 1 1 D YX : -4.37785530 m/s

RHSFC 2 35 41 1 1 C YX : 85.66202545 %

HSFC 2 35 41 1 1 C YX : 475.45861816 m

ALBSNOMX 2 35 41 1 1 C YX : 38.97982025 %

PSEALVLC 2 35 41 1 1 C YX : 101740.06250000 Pa

TSEASFC 2 35 41 1 1 C YX : 276.31039429 K

WEASD 2 35 41 1 1 C YX : 0.00000000 kg m{-2}

SOILT010 2 35 41 1 1 C YX : 277.13571167 K

SOILT200 2 35 41 1 1 C YX : 280.43368530 K

SOILT400 2 35 41 1 1 C YX : 286.95452881 K

SOILM010 2 35 41 1 1 C YX : 0.33993921 fraction

SOILM200 2 35 41 1 1 C YX : 0.37924942 fraction

SEAICE 2 35 41 1 1 C YX : 0.00000000 0/1 Flag

SNOWCOVR 2 35 41 1 1 C YX : 0.00000000 0/1 Flag

PSEALVLD 2 35 41 1 1 D YX : 101726.61718750 Pa

TERRAIN 2 35 41 1 1 C YX : 475.45861816 m

LAND USE 2 35 41 1 1 C YX : 11.00000000 category

VEGFRC01 2 35 41 1 1 C YX : 39.89308548 %

VEGFRC02 2 35 41 1 1 C YX : 43.45289612 %

VEGFRC03 2 35 41 1 1 C YX : 50.00000000 %

VEGFRC04 2 35 41 1 1 C YX : 68.57250977 %

VEGFRC05 2 35 41 1 1 C YX : 100.00000000 %

VEGFRC06 2 35 41 1 1 C YX : 98.89189148 %

VEGFRC07 2 35 41 1 1 C YX : 99.99304199 %

VEGFRC08 2 35 41 1 1 C YX : 94.87342834 %

VEGFRC09 2 35 41 1 1 C YX : 94.89308167 %

VEGFRC10 2 35 41 1 1 C YX : 77.98728943 %

VEGFRC11 2 35 41 1 1 C YX : 48.47255707 %

VEGFRC12 2 35 41 1 1 C YX : 40.46560287 %

TEMPGRD 2 35 41 1 1 C YX : 285.15682983 K

LANDMASK 2 35 41 1 1 C YX : 1.00000000 category

SOILINDX 2 35 41 1 1 C YX : 6.00000000 category

LATITCRS 2 35 41 1 1 C YX : 35.58544922 degree

LONGICRS 2 35 41 1 1 C YX : -85.50784302 degree

MAPFACCR 2 35 41 1 1 C YX : 0.98003817 dimensionless

LATITDOT 2 35 41 1 1 D YX : 35.16879654 degree

LONGIDOT 2 35 41 1 1 D YX : -86.00925446 degree

MAPFACDT 2 35 41 1 1 D YX : 0.98123306 dimensionless

CORIOLIS 2 35 41 1 1 D YX : 0.00008400 1/s

SIGMAH 1 23 1 1 1 H S : 0.52499998 sigma

PRESSURE 1 21 1 1 1 P P : 65000.00000000 Pa

 

 

 

13.9 Big Header Record for LOWBDY Output

 

 

MM5 Substrate Temp File big header:

 

***Integers:

 

BHI( 2, 6): 1 : INTERP Version 3 MM5 System Format Edition Number

BHI( 3, 6): 6 : INTERP Program Version Number

BHI( 4, 6): 1 : INTERP Program Minor Revision Number

BHI( 5, 6): 1993 : Four-digit year of start time

BHI( 6, 6): 3 : Month of the year of the start time (1-12)

BHI( 7, 6): 13 : Day of the month of the start time (1-31)

BHI( 8, 6): 0 : Hour of the day of the start time (0-23)

BHI( 9, 6): 0 : Minute of the start time (0-59)

BHI( 10, 6): 0 : Second of the start time (0-59)

BHI( 11, 6): 0 : Ten thousandths of a second of the start time (0-9999)

BHI( 12, 6): 1 : Number of levels in the lower boundary condition file

 

***Floats:

 

BHR( 1, 6): 43200.00 : Time difference (seconds) during which the lower

boundary condition is valid

 

 

13.9.1 LOWBDY Output Fields

 

1993-03-13_00:00:00.0000 0.00000 Hours

 

TSEASFC 2 35 41 1 1 C YX : 271.56176758 K

RES TEMP 2 35 41 1 1 C YX : 271.93566895 K

SEAICE 2 35 41 1 1 C YX : 0.00000000 0/1 Flag

SNOWCOVR 2 35 41 1 1 C YX : 0.00000000 0/1 Flag

 

 

 

13.10 Big Header Record for BDYOUT Output

 

 

MM5 Boundary File big header:

 

***Integers:

 

BHI( 2, 7): 1 : INTERP Version 3 MM5 System Format Edition Number

BHI( 3, 7): 6 : INTERP Program Version Number

BHI( 4, 7): 1 : INTERP Program Minor Revision Number

BHI( 5, 7): 1993 : Four-digit year of start time

BHI( 6, 7): 3 : Month of the year of the start time (1-12)

BHI( 7, 7): 13 : Day of the month of the start time (1-31)

BHI( 8, 7): 0 : Hour of the day of the start time (0-23)

BHI( 9, 7): 0 : Minute of the start time (0-59)

BHI( 10, 7): 0 : Second of the start time (0-59)

BHI( 11, 7): 0 : Ten thousandths of a second of the start time (0-9999)

BHI( 12, 7): 1 : Number of levels in the lower boundary condition file

 

***Floats:

 

BHR( 1, 7): 43200.00 : Time difference (seconds) during which the lateral

boundary condition is valid

 

 

13.101.1 BDYOUT Output Fields

 

1993-03-13_00:00:00.0000 0.00000 Hours

 

UEB 3 35 23 5 1 D YSB : 1284.62487793 kPa m/s

UWB 3 35 23 5 1 D YSB : 991.48913574 kPa m/s

UNB 3 41 23 5 1 D XSB : 1166.55163574 kPa m/s

USB 3 41 23 5 1 D XSB : 1022.80157471 kPa m/s

UEBT 3 35 23 5 1 D YSB : -0.00204996 kPa m/s/s

UWBT 3 35 23 5 1 D YSB : 0.00547681 kPa m/s/s

UNBT 3 41 23 5 1 D XSB : -0.00773819 kPa m/s/s

USBT 3 41 23 5 1 D XSB : 0.05125543 kPa m/s/s

VEB 3 35 23 5 1 D YSB : 768.32391357 kPa m/s

VWB 3 35 23 5 1 D YSB : -2715.44311523 kPa m/s

VNB 3 41 23 5 1 D XSB : -554.05780029 kPa m/s

VSB 3 41 23 5 1 D XSB : 897.45916748 kPa m/s

VEBT 3 35 23 5 1 D YSB : 0.01266296 kPa m/s/s

VWBT 3 35 23 5 1 D YSB : 0.03035343 kPa m/s/s

VNBT 3 41 23 5 1 D XSB : -0.00653175 kPa m/s/s

VSBT 3 41 23 5 1 D XSB : -0.02874910 kPa m/s/s

TEB 3 35 23 5 1 C YSB : 23971.13867188 kPa K

TWB 3 35 23 5 1 C YSB : 19236.74023438 kPa K

TNB 3 41 23 5 1 C XSB : 20320.28515625 kPa K

TSB 3 41 23 5 1 C XSB : 24464.29296875 kPa K

TEBT 3 35 23 5 1 C YSB : 0.00578337 kPa K/s

TWBT 3 35 23 5 1 C YSB : -0.00315023 kPa K/s

TNBT 3 41 23 5 1 C XSB : -0.00162751 kPa K/s

TSBT 3 41 23 5 1 C XSB : 0.00058096 kPa K/s

QEB 3 35 23 5 1 C YSB : 0.10734902 kPa kg/kg

QWB 3 35 23 5 1 C YSB : 0.01490723 kPa kg/kg

QNB 3 41 23 5 1 C XSB : 0.00913386 kPa kg/kg

QSB 3 41 23 5 1 C XSB : 0.08680473 kPa kg/kg

QEBT 3 35 23 5 1 C YSB : 0.00000125 kPa kg/kg/s

QWBT 3 35 23 5 1 C YSB : 0.00000099 kPa kg/kg/s

QNBT 3 41 23 5 1 C XSB : -0.00000006 kPa kg/kg/s

QSBT 3 41 23 5 1 C XSB : -0.00000078 kPa kg/kg/s

WEB 3 35 24 5 1 C YWB : -0.10622037 kPa m/s

WWB 3 35 24 5 1 C YWB : -6.22259235 kPa m/s

WNB 3 41 24 5 1 C XWB : 0.65768749 kPa m/s

WSB 3 41 24 5 1 C XWB : 2.64147258 kPa m/s

WEBT 3 35 24 5 1 C YWB : 0.00002296 kPa m/s/s

WWBT 3 35 24 5 1 C YWB : 0.00007693 kPa m/s/s

WNBT 3 41 24 5 1 C XWB : -0.00005458 kPa m/s/s

WSBT 3 41 24 5 1 C XWB : -0.00014272 kPa m/s/s

PPEB 3 35 23 5 1 C YSB : 296879.78125000 kPa Pa

PPWB 3 35 23 5 1 C YSB : 197363.87500000 kPa Pa

PPNB 3 41 23 5 1 C XSB : -18028.70507812 kPa Pa

PPSB 3 41 23 5 1 C XSB : 289880.34375000 kPa Pa

PPEBT 3 35 23 5 1 C YSB : -0.09617984 kPa Pa/s

PPWBT 3 35 23 5 1 C YSB : 0.09014142 kPa Pa/s

PPNBT 3 41 23 5 1 C XSB : -0.13370353 kPa Pa/s

PPSBT 3 41 23 5 1 C XSB : -1.02497864 kPa Pa/s

 

 

 

13.11 Big Header Record for MM5 Output

 

 

MM5 Portion of big header:

 

***Integers:

 

BHI( 2,11): 1 : MM5 Version 3 MM5 System Format Edition Number

BHI( 3,11): 6 : MM5 Program Version Number

BHI( 4,11): 1 : MM5 Program Minor Revision Number

BHI( 5,11): 1993 : FOUR-DIGIT YEAR OF START TIME

BHI( 6,11): 3 : INTEGER MONTH OF START TIME

BHI( 7,11): 13 : DAY OF THE MONTH OF THE START TIME

BHI( 8,11): 0 : HOUR OF THE START TIME

BHI( 9,11): 0 : MINUTES OF THE START TIME

BHI( 10,11): 0 : SECONDS OF THE START TIME

BHI( 11,11): 0 : TEN THOUSANDTHS OF A SECOND OF THE START TIME

BHI( 12,11): 23 : MKX: NUMBER OF LAYERS IN MM5 OUTPUT

BHI( 13,11): 0 : IFDDAG: 1=GRIDDED FDDA OPTION COMPILED, 0=NOT COMPILED

BHI( 14,11): 0 : IFDDAO: 1=OBS FDDA OPTION COMPILED, 0=NOT COMPILED

BHI( 15,11): 0 : INAV: 1=TKE ARRAY PRESENT, 0=NOT PRESENT

BHI( 16,11): 0 : INAV2: 1=TKE ARRAY PRESENT, 0=NOT PRESENT

BHI( 17,11): 0 : INAV3: 1=TKE ARRAY PRESENT, 0=NOT PRESENT

BHI( 18,11): 0 : IICE: 1=CLOUD ICE AND SNOW ARRAYS PRESENT, 0=NOT PRESENT

BHI( 19,11): 0 : IICEG: 1=GRAUPEL AND NUMBER CONC ARRAYSPRESENT, 0=NOT PRESENT

BHI( 20,11): 1 : IEXMS: 1=CLOUD WATER AND RAIN WATER ARRAYS PRESENT,

0=NOT PRESENT

BHI( 21,11): 0 : IKFFC: 1=KF AND/OR FC ARRAYS PRESENT, 0=NOT PRESENT

BHI( 22,11): 0 : IARASC: 1=ARAKAWA-SCHUBERT ARRAYS PRESENT, 0=NOT PRESENT

BHI( 23,11): 1 : IRDDIM: 1=ATMOSPHERIC RADIATION TENDENCY ARRAY PRESENT,

0=NOT PRESENT

BHI( 24,11): 0 : ISLDIM: 1=5-LAYER SOIL MODEL ARRAYS PRESENT, 0=NOT PRESENT

BHI( 25,11): 1 : ILDDIM: 1=LAND-SURFACE MODEL ARRAYS PRESENT, 0=NOT PRESENT

 

***Floats:

 

BHR( 1,11): 10800.00 : INTTIM: TIME DIFFERENCE IN MODEL OUTPUT

 

 

 

***Integers:

 

BHI( 1,12): 0 : IFREST: 1 = RESTARTED JOB; 0 = NOT A RESTARTED JOB

BHI( 2,12): 0 : IXTIMR: TIME OF RESTART

BHI( 3,12): 1 : IFSAVE: 1 = DATA SAVED FOR RESTART;

0 = DATA NOT SAVED FOR RESTART

BHI( 4,12): 1 : IFTAPE: 1 = OUTPUT DATA SAVED FOR GRIN; 0 = NO OUTPUT FOR GRIN

BHI( 5,12): 99999 : MASCHK: MASS CONSERVATION CHECK FREQUENCY (MINUTES)

 

 

 

***Floats:

 

BHR( 1,12): 720.00 : TIMAX: SIMULATION END TIME (MINUTES)

BHR( 2,12): 240.00 : TISTEP: COARSE-DOMAIN TIME STEP IN SECONDS

BHR( 3,12): 360.00 : SAVFRQ: TIME INTERVAL (MINUTES) THAT DATA WERE

SAVED FOR RESTART

BHR( 4,12): 180.00 : TAPFRQ: TIME INTERVAL (MINUTES) THAT DATA WERE SAVED FOR GRIN

BHR( 5,12): 0.00 : BUFFRQ: TIME FREQ USED TO SPLIT OUTPUT FILES (MINUTES).

IGNORED IF < TAPFRQ

 

 

 

***Integers:

 

BHI( 1,13): 2 : IFRAD: 0=NO RADIATIVE COOLING; 1=SIMPLE; 2=CLOUD RADIATION;

3=CCM2; 4=RRTMLW

BHI( 2,13): 3 : ICUPA: 1-8/NO/ANTHES-KUO/GRELL/A-S/F-C/KAIN-FRITSCH/B

ETTS-MILLER/KAIN-FRITSCH2

BHI( 3,13): 4 : IMPHYS: 1-8 DRY/STABLE/WARM RAIN/SIMPLE ICE/REISNER1/GODDARD/

REISNER2/SCHULTZ

BHI( 4,13): 5 : IBLTYP: 0=FRICTIONLESS; 1=BULK;2=BLACKADAR;3=B-T;

4=ETA M-Y;5=MRF;6=G-S;7=PX

BHI( 5,13): 2 : ISOIL: 0=BLACKADAR SLAB MODEL, 1=MULTI-LAYER,

2=LAND-SURFACE SCHEME

BHI( 6,13): 0 : ISHALLO: 1=SHALLOW CONVECTION SCHEME USED;

0=SHALLOW CONVECTION SCHEME NOT USED

BHI( 7,13): 1 : IMVDIF: 1=MOIST-ADIABATIC VERTICAL DIFFUSION IN CLOUDS INCLUDED;

0=NOT INCLUDED

BHI( 8,13): 1 : IVQADV: =0, LOG, =1, LINEAR INTERPOLATION OF MOISTURE IN

VERTICAL ADVECTION

BHI( 9,13): 1 : IVTADV: =0, THETA, =1, LINEAR INTERPOLATION OF TEMPERATURE

IN VERTICAL ADVECTN

BHI( 10,13): 1 : ITHADV: =0, STANDARD, = 1, USING POTENTIAL TEMPERATURE IN

TEMP ADVECTION

BHI( 11,13): 1 : ITPDIF: =1, HORIZONTAL DIFFUSION OF PERTURBATION

TEMPERATURE ONLY, =0, FULL T

BHI( 12,13): 1 : ICOR3D: 1=FULL CORIOLIS WITH VERTICAL COMPONENT;

0=VERTICAL COMPONENT NEGLECTED

BHI( 13,13): 1 : IFUPR: 1= UPPER RADIATIVE BOUNDARY CONDITION USED;

0= U.R.B.C. NOT USED

BHI( 14,13): 0 : IFDRY: 1=FAKE DRY RUN; 2=NOT A FAKE DRY RUN

BHI( 15,13): 3 : IBOUDY: SPECIFIED 0=FIXED, 2=TIME DEPENDENT,

3=RELAXATION ZONE/IO DEPENDENT

BHI( 16,13): 0 : IFSNOW: 1=SNOW-COVER EFFECTS CONSIDERED0=NOT CONSIDERED

BHI( 17,13): 1 : ISSFLX: 1=SURFACE HEAT AND MOISTURE FLUXES CALCULATED;

0=NOT CALCULATED

BHI( 18,13): 1 : ITGFLG: 1=TG CALCULATED FROM BUDGET; 2=SINUSOIDAL FUNCTION;

3=SPECIFIED CONSTS

BHI( 19,13): 1 : ISFPAR: 1=SFC/LAND-USE PARAMETERS VARIABLE;

0=SFC/LAND-USE PARAMETERS CONSTANT

BHI( 20,13): 1 : ICLOUD: 0=CLOUD EFFECTS NOT CONSIDERED;1,

2=CLOUD EFF THR CLOUD WATER/ICE OR RH

BHI( 21,13): 0 : ICDCON: 1=DRAG COEFFS ARE CONSTANT F(TER-ELEV) IN BULK PBL;

0=COEFFS VARIABLE

BHI( 22,13): 1 : IVMIXM: 1=VERTICAL MIXING OF MOMENTUM CONSIDERED;

0=NOT CONSIDERED

BHI( 23,13): 1 : IEVAP: -1=EVAP OF RAIN NOT CONSIDERED;

0=EVAP NOT CONSIDERED; 1=EVAP CONSIDERED

BHI( 24,13): 1 : ICUSTB: 1=STABILITY CHECK IN CUMULUS SCHEME ACTIVATED;

0 = NOT ACTIVATED

BHI( 25,13): 0 : IMOIAV: 1=USE BUCKET MODEL W/O EXTRA INPUT;

2=USE BUCKET MODEL W SOIL MOIS INPUT

BHI( 26,13): 0 : IBMOIST: 1=BOUNDARY AND INITIAL WATER/ICE SPECIFIED;

0=NOT SPECIFIED

BHI( 27,13): 0 : IFOGMD: 1=FOG MODEL IS USED 0=FOG MODEL IS NOT USED

BHI( 28,13): 0 : ISSTVAR: 1=SST VARYING IN TIME

0=SST DOES NOT VARY IN TIME

 

***Floats:

 

BHR( 1,13): 30.00 : RADFRQ: FREQUENCY THAT SOLAR RADIATION IS COMPUTED (MINUTES)

BHR( 2,13): 1.00 : HYDPRE: 1.0 = WATER LOADING EFFECTS IN HYDROSTATIC EQN;

0.0=NO WATER LOADING

***Integers:

 

BHI( 1,14): 1 : IOVERW: 1=NEST INITIAL CONDITIONS OVERWRITTEN WITH USER

ANALYSIS; 0=INTERPOLATE

BHI( 2,14): 3 : IFEED: 0=NO FB; 1=9-PT FB; 1-PT FD/2=NO SMOOTH; 3=LIGHT SMOOTH;

4=HEAVY SMOOTH

BHI( 3,14): 10 : MAXMV: MAXIMUM NUMBER OF MOVES ALLOWED

BHI( 4,14): 0 : IMOVE: 1=THIS DOMAIN MOVES; 0=THIS DOMAIN DOES NOT MOVE

BHI( 5,14): 1 : IMOVCO: MOVE NUMBER

BHI( 6,14): 0 : IMOVET: TIME OF MOVE (MINUTES FROM START OF FORECAST)

BHI( 7,14): 0 : IMOVET: TIME OF MOVE (MINUTES FROM START OF FORECAST)

BHI( 8,14): 0 : IMOVET: TIME OF MOVE (MINUTES FROM START OF FORECAST)

BHI( 9,14): 0 : IMOVET: TIME OF MOVE (MINUTES FROM START OF FORECAST)

BHI( 10,14): 0 : IMOVET: TIME OF MOVE (MINUTES FROM START OF FORECAST)

BHI( 11,14): 0 : IMOVET: TIME OF MOVE (MINUTES FROM START OF FORECAST)

BHI( 12,14): 0 : IMOVET: TIME OF MOVE (MINUTES FROM START OF FORECAST)

BHI( 13,14): 0 : IMOVET: TIME OF MOVE (MINUTES FROM START OF FORECAST)

BHI( 14,14): 0 : IMOVET: TIME OF MOVE (MINUTES FROM START OF FORECAST)

BHI( 15,14): 0 : IMOVET: TIME OF MOVE (MINUTES FROM START OF FORECAST)

BHI( 16,14): 0 : IMOVEI: I INCREMENT OF MOVE

BHI( 17,14): 0 : IMOVEI: I INCREMENT OF MOVE

BHI( 18,14): 0 : IMOVEI: I INCREMENT OF MOVE

BHI( 19,14): 0 : IMOVEI: I INCREMENT OF MOVE

BHI( 20,14): 0 : IMOVEI: I INCREMENT OF MOVE

BHI( 21,14): 0 : IMOVEI: I INCREMENT OF MOVE

BHI( 22,14): 0 : IMOVEI: I INCREMENT OF MOVE

BHI( 23,14): 0 : IMOVEI: I INCREMENT OF MOVE

BHI( 24,14): 0 : IMOVEI: I INCREMENT OF MOVE

BHI( 25,14): 0 : IMOVEI: I INCREMENT OF MOVE

BHI( 26,14): 0 : IMOVEJ: J INCREMENT OF MOVE

BHI( 27,14): 0 : IMOVEJ: J INCREMENT OF MOVE

BHI( 28,14): 0 : IMOVEJ: J INCREMENT OF MOVE

BHI( 29,14): 0 : IMOVEJ: J INCREMENT OF MOVE

BHI( 30,14): 0 : IMOVEJ: J INCREMENT OF MOVE

BHI( 31,14): 0 : IMOVEJ: J INCREMENT OF MOVE

BHI( 32,14): 0 : IMOVEJ: J INCREMENT OF MOVE

BHI( 33,14): 0 : IMOVEJ: J INCREMENT OF MOVE

BHI( 34,14): 0 : IMOVEJ: J INCREMENT OF MOVE

BHI( 35,14): 0 : IMOVEJ: J INCREMENT OF MOVE

 

***Floats:

 

BHR( 1,14): 0.00 : XSTNES: STARTING TIME (MINUTES) OF DOMAIN

BHR( 2,14): 1440.00 : XENNES: ENDING TIME (MINUTES) OF DOMAIN

 

 

 

***Integers:

 

 

***Floats:

 

BHR( 1,15): 0.10 : ZZLND: ROUGHNESS LENGTH (M) OVER LAND (WHEN ISFPAR=1)

BHR( 2,15): 0.00 : ZZWTR: ROUGHNESS LENGTH (M) OVER WATER (WHEN ISFPAR=1)

BHR( 3,15): 0.15 : ALBLND: ALBEDO OVER LAND (WHEN ISFPAR=1)

BHR( 4,15): 0.04 : THINLD: THERMAL INERTIA OVER LAND (WHEN ISFPAR=1)

BHR( 5,15): 0.30 : XMAVA: MOISTURE AVAILABLITY OVER LAND AS A FRACTION OF 1

(WHEN ISFPAR=1)

BHR( 6,15): 1.00 : CONF: CONDENSATION THRESHOLD

BHR( 7,15): 1.00 : other namelist variables

 

 

***Integers:

 

BHI( 1,16): 0 : I4D(3D): 1=3-D ANALYSIS NUDGING; 0=NO 3-D ANALYSIS NUDGING

BHI( 2,16): 1 : IWIND(3D): 1=3-D ANALYSIS NUDGING OF WIND;

0=NO 3-D ANALYSIS NUDGING OF WIND

BHI( 3,16): 1 : ITEMP(3D): 1=3-D ANALYSIS NUDGING OF TEMP;

0=NO 3-D ANALYSIS NUDGING OF TEMP

BHI( 4,16): 1 : IMOIS(3D): 1=3-D ANALYSIS NUDGING MOISTURE:

0=NO 3-D ANALYSIS NUDGING MOISTURE

BHI( 5,16): 0 : IROT: 1=3-D ANALYSIS NUDGING OF ROTATIONAL WIND;

0 = ROT. WIND NOT NUDGED

BHI( 6,16): 0 : I4D(SFC): 1=SFC ANALYSIS NUDGING; 0=NO SFC ANALYSIS NUDGING

BHI( 7,16): 1 : IWIND(SFC): 1=SFC ANALYSIS NUDGING OF WIND;

0=NO SFC ANALYSIS NUDGING OF WIND

BHI( 8,16): 1 : ITEMP(SFC): 1=SFC ANALYSIS NUDGING OF TEMP;

0=NO SFC ANALYSIS NUDGING OF TEMP

BHI( 9,16): 1 : IMOIS(SFC): 1=SFC ANALYSIS NUDGING MOISTURE:

0=NO SFC ANALYSIS NUDGING MOISTURE

BHI( 10,16): 0 : INONBL(U): 0 = B.L. NUDGING OF U INCLUDED;

1 = B.L. NUDGING OF U EXCLUDED

BHI( 11,16): 0 : INONBL(V): 0 = B.L. NUDGING OF V INCLUDED;

1 = B.L. NUDGING OF V EXCLUDED

BHI( 12,16): 1 : INONBL(T): 0 = B.L. NUDGING OF T INCLUDED;

1 = B.L. NUDGING OF T EXCLUDED

BHI( 13,16): 1 : INONBL(M.R.): 0 = B.L. NUDGING OF M.R. INCLUDED;

1 = B.L. NUDGING M.R. EXCLUDED

BHI( 14,16): 0 : I4DI: 1=OBSERVATIONS NUDGING; 2=NO OBSERVATIONS NUDGING

BHI( 15,16): 1 : ISWIND: 1=OBS NUDGING OF THE WIND FIELD;

2=NO OBS NUDGING OF THE WIND FIELD

BHI( 16,16): 1 : ISTEMP: 1=OBS NUDGING OF THE TEMP FIELD;

2=NO OBS NUDGING OF THE TEMP FIELD

BHI( 17,16): 1 : ISMOIS: 1=OBS NUDGING OF THE MIXING RATIO FIELD;

2=NO OBS NUDGING OF MIX. RAT.

BHI( 18,16): 2 : IONF: FREQUENCY (COARSE-GRID TIMESTEPS) TO COMPUTE

OBS-NUDGING WEIGHTS

BHI( 19,16): 0 : IDYNIN: =1, USING RAMPING FUNCTION AT END OF FDDA, =0, NO RAMP

 

***Floats:

 

BHR( 1,16): 0.00 : FDASTA: STARTING TIME FOR FDDA (MINUTES)

BHR( 2,16): 780.00 : FDAEND: ENDING TIME FOR FDDA (MINUTES)

BHR( 3,16): 720.00 : DIFTIM(3D): TIME INTERVAL (MINUTES) BETWEEN 3-D ANALYSES

FOR NUDGING

BHR( 4,16): 180.00 : DIFTIM(SFC): TIME INTERVAL (MINUTES) BETWEEN SURFACE ANALYSES

FOR NUDGING

BHR( 5,16): 0.00 : GV(3D): NUDGING COEFFICIENT FOR 3-D ANALYSIS FDDA OF WINDS

BHR( 6,16): 0.00 : GT(3D): NUDGING COEFFICIENT FOR 3-D ANALYSIS FDDA OF TEMP

BHR( 7,16): 0.00 : GQ(3D): NUDGING COEFFICIENT FOR 3-D ANALYSIS FDDA OF

MIXING RATIO

BHR( 8,16): 5000000. : GR(3D): NUDGING COEFFICIENT FOR 3-D ANALYSIS FDDA OF

ROTATIONAL WIND COMPONENT

BHR( 9,16): 0.00 : GV(SFC): NUDGING COEFFICIENT FOR SFC ANALYSIS FDDA OF WINDS

BHR( 10,16): 0.00 : GT(SFC): NUDGING COEFFICIENT FOR SFC ANALYSIS FDDA OF TEMP

BHR( 11,16): 0.00 : GQ(SFC): NUDGING COEFFICIENT FOR SFC ANALYSIS FDDA OF

MIXING RATIO

BHR( 12,16): 250.00 : RINBLW: RADIUS OF INFLUENCE FOR SURFACEANALYSIS NUDGING

BHR( 13,16): 0.00 : GIV: NUDGING COEFFICIENT FOR OBS NUDGING OF THE WIND FIELD

BHR( 14,16): 0.00 : GIT: NUDGING COEFFICIENT FOR OBS NUDGING OF THE TEMP FIELD

BHR( 15,16): 0.00 : GIQ: NUDGING COEFFICIENT FOR OBS NUDGING OF THE MIXING

RATIO FIELD

BHR( 16,16): 240.00 : RINXY: OBS NUDGING RADIUS OF INFLUENCE (KM) IN THE HORIZONTAL

BHR( 17,16): 0.00 : RINSIG: OBS NUDGING RADIUS OF INFLUENCE (SIGMA UNITS) IN

THE VERTICAL

BHR( 18,16): 0.67 : TWINDO: OBS NUDGING HALF PERIOD (MINUTES) OF THE TIME WINDOW

BHR( 19,16): 60.00 : DTRAMP: IF IDYNIN=1, RAMPING TIME IN MINUTES

 

 

13.11.1 MM5 Output Fields

 

1993-03-13_00:00:00.0000 0.00000 Hours

 

U 3 35 41 23 1 D YXS : 13.80757618 m/s

V 3 35 41 23 1 D YXS : 14.90762901 m/s

T 3 35 41 23 1 C YXS : 259.52917480 K

Q 3 35 41 23 1 C YXS : 0.00224648 kg/kg

CLW 3 35 41 23 1 C YXS : 0.00000000 kg/kg

RNW 3 35 41 23 1 C YXS : 0.00000000 kg/kg

RAD TEND 3 35 41 23 1 C YXS : 0.00000000 K/DAY

W 3 35 41 24 1 C YXW : 0.04734292 m/s

PP 3 35 41 23 1 C YXS : 1911.64025879 Pa

PSTARCRS 2 35 41 1 1 C YX : 84232.07031250 Pa

GROUND T 2 35 41 1 1 C YX : 273.84320068 K

RAIN CON 2 35 41 1 1 C YX : 0.00000000 cm

RAIN NON 2 35 41 1 1 C YX : 0.00000000 cm

TERRAIN 2 35 41 1 1 C YX : 475.45858765 m

MAPFACCR 2 35 41 1 1 C YX : 0.98003811 (DIMENSIONLESS)

MAPFACDT 2 35 41 1 1 D YX : 0.98123312 (DIMENSIONLESS)

CORIOLIS 2 35 41 1 1 D YX : 0.00008400 1/s

RES TEMP 2 35 41 1 1 C YX : 285.15682983 K

LATITCRS 2 35 41 1 1 C YX : 35.58544922 DEGREES

LONGICRS 2 35 41 1 1 C YX : -85.50784302 DEGREES

LAND USE 2 35 41 1 1 C YX : 11.00000000 category

TSEASFC 2 35 41 1 1 C YX : 271.56176758 K

PBL HGT 2 35 41 1 1 C YX : 0.00000000 m

REGIME 2 35 41 1 1 C YX : 0.00000000 (DIMENSIONLESS)

SHFLUX 2 35 41 1 1 C YX : 0.00000000 W/m^2

LHFLUX 2 35 41 1 1 C YX : 0.00000000 W/m^2

UST 2 35 41 1 1 C YX : 0.00000000 m/s

SWDOWN 2 35 41 1 1 C YX : 0.00000000 W/m^2

LWDOWN 2 35 41 1 1 C YX : 0.00000000 W/m^2

SWOUT 2 35 41 1 1 C YX : 0.00000000 W/m^2

LWOUT 2 35 41 1 1 C YX : 0.00000000 W/m^2

SOIL T 1 2 35 41 1 1 C YX : 277.13571167 K

SOIL T 2 2 35 41 1 1 C YX : 277.79531860 K

SOIL T 3 2 35 41 1 1 C YX : 279.27941895 K

SOIL T 4 2 35 41 1 1 C YX : 281.52362061 K

SOIL M 1 2 35 41 1 1 C YX : 0.33993921 m^3/m^3

SOIL M 2 2 35 41 1 1 C YX : 0.34780127 m^3/m^3

SOIL M 3 2 35 41 1 1 C YX : 0.36549085 m^3/m^3

SOIL M 4 2 35 41 1 1 C YX : 0.37924942 m^3/m^3

SOIL W 1 2 35 41 1 1 C YX : 0.33993921 m^3/m^3

SOIL W 2 2 35 41 1 1 C YX : 0.34780127 m^3/m^3

SOIL W 3 2 35 41 1 1 C YX : 0.36549085 m^3/m^3

SOIL W 4 2 35 41 1 1 C YX : 0.37924942 m^3/m^3

CANOPYM 2 35 41 1 1 C YX : 0.00000000 m

WEASD 2 35 41 1 1 C YX : 0.00000000 mm

SNOWH 2 35 41 1 1 C YX : 0.00000000 m

SNOWCOVR 2 35 41 1 1 C YX : 0.00000000 fraction

ALB 2 35 41 1 1 C YX : 0.17000000 fraction

GRNFLX 2 35 41 1 1 C YX : 0.00000000 W m{-2}

VEGFRC 2 35 41 1 1 C YX : 48.91479874 fraction

SEAICE 2 35 41 1 1 C YX : 0.00000000 (DIMENSIONLESS)

SFCRNOFF 2 35 41 1 1 C YX : 0.00000000 mm

UGDRNOFF 2 35 41 1 1 C YX : 0.00000000 mm

T2 2 35 41 1 1 C YX : 0.00000000 K

Q2 2 35 41 1 1 C YX : 0.00000000 kg kg{-1}

U10 2 35 41 1 1 C YX : 0.00000000 m s{-1}

V10 2 35 41 1 1 C YX : 0.00000000 m s{-1}

ALBD 2 27 2 1 1 CA : 12.00000000 PERCENT

SLMO 2 27 2 1 1 CA : 0.50000000 fraction

SFEM 2 27 2 1 1 CA : 0.94999999 fraction

SFZ0 2 27 2 1 1 CA : 50.00000000 cm

THERIN 2 27 2 1 1 CA : 5.00000000 100*cal cm^-2 K^-1 s^1/2

SFHC 2 27 2 1 1 CA : 2920000.00000000 J m^-3 K^-1

SCFX 1 27 1 1 1 CA : 0.00000000 fraction

SIGMAH 1 23 1 1 1 H S : 0.52499998 sigma

 

 

 

13.12 Big Header Record for Interpolated, Pressure-level MM5 Output

 

Interpolated MM5 Portion of big header:

 

***Integers:

 

BHI( 2, 8): 1 : INTERPB Version 3 MM5 System Format Edition Number

BHI( 3, 8): 2 : INTERPB Program Version Number

BHI( 4, 8): 0 : INTERPB Program Minor Revision Number

BHI( 5, 8): 1993 : Four-digit year of start time

BHI( 6, 8): 3 : Month of the year of the start time (1-12)

BHI( 7, 8): 13 : Day of the month of the start time (1-31)

BHI( 8, 8): 0 : Hour of the day of the start time (0-23)

BHI( 9, 8): 0 : Minute of the start time (0-59)

BHI( 10, 8): 0 : Second of the start time (0-59)

BHI( 11, 8): 0 : Ten thousandths of a second of the start time (0-9999)

BHI( 12, 8): 20 : Number of pressure levels in the output, bottom up,

including surface

 

***Floats:

 

BHR( 1, 8): 21600.00 : Time difference (seconds) between isobaric interpolated

model output files.

 

 

13.12.1 Interpolated MM5 Output Fields

 

1993-03-13_00:00:00.0000 0.00000 Hours

 

U 3 35 41 20 1 D YXP : 11.72152519 m/s

V 3 35 41 20 1 D YXP : 12.60861397 m/s

T 3 35 41 20 1 C YXP : 261.79498291 K

Q 3 35 41 20 1 C YXP : 0.00264599 kg/kg

CLW 3 35 41 20 1 C YXP : 0.00000000 kg/kg

RNW 3 35 41 20 1 C YXP : 0.00000000 kg/kg

RAD TEND 3 35 41 20 1 C YXP : 0.00000000 K/DAY

W 3 35 41 20 1 C YXP : 0.04727403 m/s

PP 3 35 41 20 1 C YXP : 1809.39270020 Pa

H 3 35 41 20 1 C YXP : 4142.13671875 m

RH 3 35 41 20 1 C YXP : 98.65138245 %

PSTARCRS 2 35 41 1 1 C YX : 84232.07031250 Pa

GROUND T 2 35 41 1 1 C YX : 273.84320068 K

RAIN CON 2 35 41 1 1 C YX : 0.00000000 cm

RAIN NON 2 35 41 1 1 C YX : 0.00000000 cm

TERRAIN 2 35 41 1 1 C YX : 475.45858765 m

MAPFACCR 2 35 41 1 1 C YX : 0.98003811 (DIMENSIONLESS)

MAPFACDT 2 35 41 1 1 D YX : 0.98123312 (DIMENSIONLESS)

CORIOLIS 2 35 41 1 1 D YX : 0.00008400 1/s

RES TEMP 2 35 41 1 1 C YX : 285.15682983 K

LATITCRS 2 35 41 1 1 C YX : 35.58544922 DEGREES

LONGICRS 2 35 41 1 1 C YX : -85.50784302 DEGREES

LAND USE 2 35 41 1 1 C YX : 11.00000000 category

TSEASFC 2 35 41 1 1 C YX : 271.56176758 K

PBL HGT 2 35 41 1 1 C YX : 0.00000000 m

REGIME 2 35 41 1 1 C YX : 0.00000000 (DIMENSIONLESS)

SHFLUX 2 35 41 1 1 C YX : 0.00000000 W/m^2

LHFLUX 2 35 41 1 1 C YX : 0.00000000 W/m^2

UST 2 35 41 1 1 C YX : 0.00000000 m/s

SWDOWN 2 35 41 1 1 C YX : 0.00000000 W/m^2

LWDOWN 2 35 41 1 1 C YX : 0.00000000 W/m^2

SWOUT 2 35 41 1 1 C YX : 0.00000000 W/m^2

LWOUT 2 35 41 1 1 C YX : 0.00000000 W/m^2

SOIL T 1 2 35 41 1 1 C YX : 277.13571167 K

SOIL T 2 2 35 41 1 1 C YX : 277.79531860 K

SOIL T 3 2 35 41 1 1 C YX : 279.27941895 K

SOIL T 4 2 35 41 1 1 C YX : 281.52362061 K

SOIL M 1 2 35 41 1 1 C YX : 0.33993921 m^3/m^3

SOIL M 2 2 35 41 1 1 C YX : 0.34780127 m^3/m^3

SOIL M 3 2 35 41 1 1 C YX : 0.36549085 m^3/m^3

SOIL M 4 2 35 41 1 1 C YX : 0.37924942 m^3/m^3

SOIL W 1 2 35 41 1 1 C YX : 0.33993921 m^3/m^3

SOIL W 2 2 35 41 1 1 C YX : 0.34780127 m^3/m^3

SOIL W 3 2 35 41 1 1 C YX : 0.36549085 m^3/m^3

SOIL W 4 2 35 41 1 1 C YX : 0.37924942 m^3/m^3

CANOPYM 2 35 41 1 1 C YX : 0.00000000 m

WEASD 2 35 41 1 1 C YX : 0.00000000 mm

SNOWH 2 35 41 1 1 C YX : 0.00000000 m

SNOWCOVR 2 35 41 1 1 C YX : 0.00000000 fraction

ALB 2 35 41 1 1 C YX : 0.17000000 fraction

GRNFLX 2 35 41 1 1 C YX : 0.00000000 W m{-2}

VEGFRC 2 35 41 1 1 C YX : 48.91479874 fraction

SEAICE 2 35 41 1 1 C YX : 0.00000000 (DIMENSIONLESS)

SFCRNOFF 2 35 41 1 1 C YX : 0.00000000 mm

UGDRNOFF 2 35 41 1 1 C YX : 0.00000000 mm

T2 2 35 41 1 1 C YX : 0.00000000 K

Q2 2 35 41 1 1 C YX : 0.00000000 kg kg{-1}

U10 2 35 41 1 1 C YX : 0.00000000 m s{-1}

V10 2 35 41 1 1 C YX : 0.00000000 m s{-1}

PSFC 2 35 41 1 1 C YX : 95925.21093750 Pa

PSEALVLC 2 35 41 1 1 C YX : 101745.21093750 Pa

PSEALVLD 2 35 41 1 1 D YX : 101671.34375000 Pa

LATITDOT 2 35 41 1 1 D YX : 35.16881180 degrees

LONGIDOT 2 35 41 1 1 D YX : -86.00924683 degrees

RH SFC 2 35 41 1 1 C YX : 82.59911346 %

PRESSURE 1 20 1 1 1 P P : 60000.00000000 Pa

 

 

 

13.13 Special Data Format in MM5 Modeling System

 

There are several data files in the MM5 modeling system that do not conform with the above format; therefore special programs are needed to read these files. These are a file required for observational nudging, a file for boundary conditions, three observation output files from Rawins.

 

13.13.1 Data format for observational nudging

 

This input file to MM5 model is a binary file containing 9 real numbers per record, and data are in order of increasing time. The READ statement in the model is the following:

 

READ(NVOL,END=111) TIMEOB,RIO,RJO,RKO,(VAROBS(IVAR),IVAR=1,5)

 

where NVOL is the input fortran unit number.

 

13.13.2 Description of observational nudging variables

 

Name Description

 

TIMEOB: Julian date in dddhh. Example: 16623.5 - Julian day 166 and hour 2330 UTC

RIO:      y-location - I dot-point location on coarse mesh

RJO:      x-location - J dot-point location on coarse mesh

RKO:      z-location - K half-σ level

IVAR(1): u wind - in m/sec rotated to model grid

IVAR(2): v wind - in m/sec rotated to model grid

IVAR(3): temperature - in Kelvin

IVAR(4): water vapor mixing ratio - in kg/kg

IVAR(5): Pstar - in cb (only used in hydrostatic model)

 

A user may include more information at the end of a record which are not read by the model but can be used to identify the station and data type. The no-data value is 99999.. If running the model in nonhydrostatic mode, 99999. can be used to fill up the Pstar spot.

 

 

13.13.3 Data format for surface observations file

 

This is an output file written by program Rawins after the surface data have gone through error checks. Only those surface observations that have passed the error checks are included. These are the surface observations that were used in the objective analysis. The local file name is sfc4dobs.out, the NCAR MSS filename is SFC4DOBS_DOMAINx, and the fortran unit number in program Rawins is unit 60. This file may be used to construct an observation nudging file for use in MM5.

 

This file is an unformatted fortran output file. Each record contains surface observations for a single station. The fortran READ statement for each record is:

 

READ (60) JDATE,JSTA,JLAT,JLON,JSFCEL,XU,XV,XT,XRH,XSLP

 

 

13.13.4 Description of surface observation variables

 

Name       Description

 

JDATE      16-character string date in yyyy-mm-dd_hh:mm

JSTA        station identifier (character*8)

JLAT        station latitude * 10 (integer)

JLON        station longitude * 10 (integer)

JSFCEL     station elevation (integer)

XU           u component of wind rotated to model grid (m/s)

XV           v component of wind rotated to model grid (m/s)

XT           temperature (C)

XRH         Rawins' RH form; to obtain real RH: RH=100*(1.-XRH*XRH)

XSLP        sea-level pressure (mb)

 

 

13.13.5 Data format for upper-air observations file

 

This is an output file written by program Rawins after the upper-air data have gone through error checks. Only those upper-air observations that have passed the error checks are included. These are the upper-air observations that were used in the objective analysis. The local file name is upr4dobs.out, the NCAR MSS filename is UPR4DOBS_DOMAINx, and the fortran unit number in program Rawins is unit 61. This file may be used to construct an observation nudging file for use in MM5.

 

This file is an unformatted fortran output file. Each record contains the upper-air observations for a single station. The fortran READ statement for each record is:

 

READ (61) JDATE,JSTA,JLAT,JLON,JSFCEL,JTOTLV,

(XP(L),L=1,JTOTLV),(XU(L),L=1,JTOTLV),(XV(L),L=1, JTOTLV),

(XT(L),L=1,JTOTLV),(XRH(L),L=1,JTOTLV)

 

 

13.13.6 Description of upper-air observation variables

 

Name       Description

 

JDATE      16-character string date in yyyy-mm-dd_hh:mm

JSTA        station identifier (character*6)

JLAT        station latitude * 10 (integer)

JLON        station longitude * 10 (integer)

JSFCEL     station elevation (integer)

JTOTLV    number of data levels

XP           pressure values

XU           u component of wind rotated to model grid (m/s)

XV           v component of wind rotated to model grid (m/s)

XT           temperature (C)

XRH         Rawins' RH form; to obtain real RH: RH=100*(1.-XRH*XRH)

 

 

13.13.7 Data format for raw upperair observations file

 

This is an output file written by program Rawins before the upper-air data have gone through error checks. The local file name is rawobs.out, NCAR MSS filename is RAOBS_DOMAINx, and fortran unit number in program Rawins is unit 11.

 

This file is an unformated fortran output file. Each record contains the upper-air observations for a single station. The fortran READ statement for each record is:

 

READ (11) JIDENT,NTT,POT,TOT,HOT,ZOT,NWW,PWW,PWT,DOT,SOT,

LAT,LON,JSFCEL,JYR,JMO,JDY,JHR

 

 

13.13.8 Description of raw upperair observation variables

 

Name            Description

 

JIDENT          station identifier (character*6)

NTT              number of pressure levels for temperature and height

POT              pressure values for temp and height reports

TOT              temperature (C)

HOT              dew point temperature (C)

ZOT              height (m)

NWW            number of pressure levels for wind reports

PWT             pressure values for wind reports

DOT              wind direction (this is NOT rotated to model grid)

SOT              wind speed (knots)

LAT              station latitude * 10

LON              station longitude * 10

JSFCEL          station elevation (integer)

JYR               year

JMO              month

JDY               day

JHR               hour