module_sf_sfclay.F

References to this file elsewhere.
1 !WRF:MODEL_LAYER:PHYSICS
2 !
3 MODULE module_sf_sfclay
4 
5  REAL    , PARAMETER ::  VCONVC=1.
6  REAL    , PARAMETER ::  CZO=0.0185
7  REAL    , PARAMETER ::  OZO=1.59E-5
8 
9  REAL,   DIMENSION(0:1000 ),SAVE          :: PSIMTB,PSIHTB
10 
11 CONTAINS
12 
13 !-------------------------------------------------------------------
14    SUBROUTINE SFCLAY(U3D,V3D,T3D,QV3D,P3D,dz8w,                    &
15                      CP,G,ROVCP,R,XLV,PSFC,CHS,CHS2,CQS2,CPM,      &
16                      ZNT,UST,PBLH,MAVAIL,ZOL,MOL,REGIME,PSIM,PSIH, &
17                      XLAND,HFX,QFX,LH,TSK,FLHC,FLQC,QGH,QSFC,RMOL, &
18                      uratx,vratx,tratx,                            &
19                      U10,V10,TH2,T2,Q2,                            &
20                      GZ1OZ0,WSPD,BR,ISFFLX,DX,                     &
21                      SVP1,SVP2,SVP3,SVPT0,EP1,EP2,                 &
22                      KARMAN,EOMEG,STBOLT,                          &
23                      ids,ide, jds,jde, kds,kde,                    &
24                      ims,ime, jms,jme, kms,kme,                    &
25                      its,ite, jts,jte, kts,kte                     )
26 !-------------------------------------------------------------------
27       IMPLICIT NONE
28 !-------------------------------------------------------------------
29 !-- U3D         3D u-velocity interpolated to theta points (m/s)
30 !-- V3D         3D v-velocity interpolated to theta points (m/s)
31 !-- T3D         temperature (K)
32 !-- QV3D        3D water vapor mixing ratio (Kg/Kg)
33 !-- P3D         3D pressure (Pa)
34 !-- dz8w        dz between full levels (m)
35 !-- CP          heat capacity at constant pressure for dry air (J/kg/K)
36 !-- G           acceleration due to gravity (m/s^2)
37 !-- ROVCP       R/CP
38 !-- R           gas constant for dry air (J/kg/K)
39 !-- XLV         latent heat of vaporization for water (J/kg)
40 !-- PSFC        surface pressure (Pa)
41 !-- ZNT         roughness length (m)
42 !-- UST         u* in similarity theory (m/s)
43 !-- PBLH        PBL height from previous time (m)
44 !-- MAVAIL      surface moisture availability (between 0 and 1)
45 !-- ZOL         z/L height over Monin-Obukhov length
46 !-- MOL         T* (similarity theory) (K)
47 !-- REGIME      flag indicating PBL regime (stable, unstable, etc.)
48 !-- PSIM        similarity stability function for momentum
49 !-- PSIH        similarity stability function for heat
50 !-- XLAND       land mask (1 for land, 2 for water)
51 !-- HFX         upward heat flux at the surface (W/m^2)
52 !-- QFX         upward moisture flux at the surface (kg/m^2/s)
53 !-- LH          net upward latent heat flux at surface (W/m^2)
54 !-- TSK         surface temperature (K)
55 !-- FLHC        exchange coefficient for heat (m/s)
56 !-- FLQC        exchange coefficient for moisture (m/s)
57 !-- QGH         lowest-level saturated mixing ratio
58 !-- uratx       ratio of surface U to U10
59 !-- vratx       ratio of surface V to V10
60 !-- tratx       ratio of surface T to TH2
61 !-- U10         diagnostic 10m u wind
62 !-- V10         diagnostic 10m v wind
63 !-- TH2         diagnostic 2m theta (K)
64 !-- T2          diagnostic 2m temperature (K)
65 !-- Q2          diagnostic 2m mixing ratio (kg/kg)
66 !-- GZ1OZ0      log(z/z0) where z0 is roughness length
67 !-- WSPD        wind speed at lowest model level (m/s)
68 !-- BR          bulk Richardson number in surface layer
69 !-- ISFFLX      isfflx=1 for surface heat and moisture fluxes
70 !-- DX          horizontal grid size (m)
71 !-- SVP1        constant for saturation vapor pressure (kPa)
72 !-- SVP2        constant for saturation vapor pressure (dimensionless)
73 !-- SVP3        constant for saturation vapor pressure (K)
74 !-- SVPT0       constant for saturation vapor pressure (K)
75 !-- EP1         constant for virtual temperature (R_v/R_d - 1) (dimensionless)
76 !-- EP2         constant for specific humidity calculation 
77 !               (R_d/R_v) (dimensionless)
78 !-- KARMAN      Von Karman constant
79 !-- EOMEG       angular velocity of earth's rotation (rad/s)
80 !-- STBOLT      Stefan-Boltzmann constant (W/m^2/K^4)
81 !-- ids         start index for i in domain
82 !-- ide         end index for i in domain
83 !-- jds         start index for j in domain
84 !-- jde         end index for j in domain
85 !-- kds         start index for k in domain
86 !-- kde         end index for k in domain
87 !-- ims         start index for i in memory
88 !-- ime         end index for i in memory
89 !-- jms         start index for j in memory
90 !-- jme         end index for j in memory
91 !-- kms         start index for k in memory
92 !-- kme         end index for k in memory
93 !-- its         start index for i in tile
94 !-- ite         end index for i in tile
95 !-- jts         start index for j in tile
96 !-- jte         end index for j in tile
97 !-- kts         start index for k in tile
98 !-- kte         end index for k in tile
99 !-------------------------------------------------------------------
100       INTEGER,  INTENT(IN )   ::        ids,ide, jds,jde, kds,kde, &
101                                         ims,ime, jms,jme, kms,kme, &
102                                         its,ite, jts,jte, kts,kte
103 !                                                               
104       INTEGER,  INTENT(IN )   ::        ISFFLX
105       REAL,     INTENT(IN )   ::        SVP1,SVP2,SVP3,SVPT0
106       REAL,     INTENT(IN )   ::        EP1,EP2,KARMAN,EOMEG,STBOLT
107 !
108       REAL,     DIMENSION( ims:ime, kms:kme, jms:jme )           , &
109                 INTENT(IN   )   ::                           dz8w
110                                         
111       REAL,     DIMENSION( ims:ime, kms:kme, jms:jme )           , &
112                 INTENT(IN   )   ::                           QV3D, &
113                                                               P3D, &
114                                                               T3D
115 
116       REAL,     DIMENSION( ims:ime, jms:jme )                    , &
117                 INTENT(IN   )               ::             MAVAIL, &
118                                                              PBLH, &
119                                                             XLAND, &
120                                                               TSK
121       REAL,     DIMENSION( ims:ime, jms:jme )                    , &
122                 INTENT(OUT  )               ::                U10, &
123                                                               V10, &
124                                                               TH2, &
125                                                                T2, &
126                                                                Q2, &
127                                                              QSFC
128 
129       REAL,     DIMENSION( ims:ime, jms:jme )                    , &
130                 INTENT(OUT)     ::              uratx,vratx,tratx
131 !
132       REAL,     DIMENSION( ims:ime, jms:jme )                    , &
133                 INTENT(INOUT)               ::             REGIME, &
134                                                               HFX, &
135                                                               QFX, &
136                                                                LH, &
137                                                           MOL,RMOL
138 !m the following 5 are change to memory size
139 !
140       REAL,     DIMENSION( ims:ime, jms:jme )                    , &
141                 INTENT(INOUT)   ::                 GZ1OZ0,WSPD,BR, &
142                                                         PSIM,PSIH
143 
144       REAL,     DIMENSION( ims:ime, kms:kme, jms:jme )           , &
145                 INTENT(IN   )   ::                            U3D, &
146                                                               V3D
147                                         
148       REAL,     DIMENSION( ims:ime, jms:jme )                    , &
149                 INTENT(IN   )               ::               PSFC
150 
151       REAL,     DIMENSION( ims:ime, jms:jme )                    , &
152                 INTENT(INOUT)   ::                            ZNT, &
153                                                               ZOL, &
154                                                               UST, &
155                                                               CPM, &
156                                                              CHS2, &
157                                                              CQS2, &
158                                                               CHS
159 
160       REAL,     DIMENSION( ims:ime, jms:jme )                    , &
161                 INTENT(INOUT)   ::                      FLHC,FLQC
162 
163       REAL,     DIMENSION( ims:ime, jms:jme )                    , &
164                 INTENT(INOUT)   ::                                 &
165                                                               QGH
166 
167 
168                                     
169       REAL,     INTENT(IN   )               ::   CP,G,ROVCP,R,XLV,DX
170  
171 ! LOCAL VARS
172 
173       REAL,     DIMENSION( its:ite ) ::                       U1D, &
174                                                               V1D, &
175                                                              QV1D, &
176                                                               P1D, &
177                                                               T1D
178 
179       REAL,     DIMENSION( its:ite ) ::                    dz8w1d
180 
181       INTEGER ::  I,J
182 
183       DO J=jts,jte
184         DO i=its,ite
185           dz8w1d(I) = dz8w(i,1,j)
186         ENDDO
187    
188         DO i=its,ite
189            U1D(i) =U3D(i,1,j)
190            V1D(i) =V3D(i,1,j)
191            QV1D(i)=QV3D(i,1,j)
192            P1D(i) =P3D(i,1,j)
193            T1D(i) =T3D(i,1,j)
194         ENDDO
195 
196         CALL SFCLAY1D(J,U1D,V1D,T1D,QV1D,P1D,dz8w1d,               &
197                 CP,G,ROVCP,R,XLV,PSFC(ims,j),CHS(ims,j),CHS2(ims,j),&
198                 CQS2(ims,j),CPM(ims,j),PBLH(ims,j), RMOL(ims,j),   &
199                 ZNT(ims,j),UST(ims,j),MAVAIL(ims,j),ZOL(ims,j),    &
200                 MOL(ims,j),REGIME(ims,j),PSIM(ims,j),PSIH(ims,j),  &
201                 XLAND(ims,j),HFX(ims,j),QFX(ims,j),TSK(ims,j),     &
202                 uratx(ims,j),vratx(ims,j),tratx(ims,j),            &
203                 U10(ims,j),V10(ims,j),TH2(ims,j),T2(ims,j),        &
204                 Q2(ims,j),FLHC(ims,j),FLQC(ims,j),QGH(ims,j),      &
205                 QSFC(ims,j),LH(ims,j),                             &
206                 GZ1OZ0(ims,j),WSPD(ims,j),BR(ims,j),ISFFLX,DX,     &
207                 SVP1,SVP2,SVP3,SVPT0,EP1,EP2,KARMAN,EOMEG,STBOLT,  &
208                 ids,ide, jds,jde, kds,kde,                         &
209                 ims,ime, jms,jme, kms,kme,                         &
210                 its,ite, jts,jte, kts,kte                          )
211       ENDDO
212 
213 
214    END SUBROUTINE SFCLAY
215 
216 
217 !-------------------------------------------------------------------
218    SUBROUTINE SFCLAY1D(J,UX,VX,T1D,QV1D,P1D,dz8w1d,                &
219                      CP,G,ROVCP,R,XLV,PSFCPA,CHS,CHS2,CQS2,CPM,PBLH,RMOL, &
220                      ZNT,UST,MAVAIL,ZOL,MOL,REGIME,PSIM,PSIH,      &
221                      XLAND,HFX,QFX,TSK,                            &
222                      uratx,vratx,tratx,                            &
223                      U10,V10,TH2,T2,Q2,FLHC,FLQC,QGH,              &
224                      QSFC,LH,GZ1OZ0,WSPD,BR,ISFFLX,DX,             &
225                      SVP1,SVP2,SVP3,SVPT0,EP1,EP2,                 &
226                      KARMAN,EOMEG,STBOLT,                          &
227                      ids,ide, jds,jde, kds,kde,                    &
228                      ims,ime, jms,jme, kms,kme,                    &
229                      its,ite, jts,jte, kts,kte                     )
230 !-------------------------------------------------------------------
231       IMPLICIT NONE
232 !-------------------------------------------------------------------
233       REAL,     PARAMETER     ::        XKA=2.4E-5
234       REAL,     PARAMETER     ::        PRT=1.
235 
236       INTEGER,  INTENT(IN )   ::        ids,ide, jds,jde, kds,kde, &
237                                         ims,ime, jms,jme, kms,kme, &
238                                         its,ite, jts,jte, kts,kte, &
239                                         J
240 !                                                               
241       INTEGER,  INTENT(IN )   ::        ISFFLX
242       REAL,     INTENT(IN )   ::        SVP1,SVP2,SVP3,SVPT0
243       REAL,     INTENT(IN )   ::        EP1,EP2,KARMAN,EOMEG,STBOLT
244 
245 !
246       REAL,     DIMENSION( ims:ime )                             , &
247                 INTENT(IN   )               ::             MAVAIL, &
248                                                              PBLH, &
249                                                             XLAND, &
250                                                               TSK
251 !
252       REAL,     DIMENSION( ims:ime )                             , &
253                 INTENT(IN   )               ::             PSFCPA
254 
255       REAL,     DIMENSION( ims:ime )                             , &
256                 INTENT(INOUT)               ::             REGIME, &
257                                                               HFX, &
258                                                               QFX, &
259                                                          MOL,RMOL
260 !m the following 5 are changed to memory size---
261 !
262       REAL,     DIMENSION( ims:ime )                             , &
263                 INTENT(INOUT)   ::                 GZ1OZ0,WSPD,BR, &
264                                                         PSIM,PSIH
265 
266       REAL,     DIMENSION( ims:ime )                             , &
267                 INTENT(INOUT)   ::                            ZNT, &
268                                                               ZOL, &
269                                                               UST, &
270                                                               CPM, &
271                                                              CHS2, &
272                                                              CQS2, &
273                                                               CHS
274 
275       REAL,     DIMENSION( ims:ime )                             , &
276                 INTENT(INOUT)   ::                      FLHC,FLQC
277 
278       REAL,     DIMENSION( ims:ime )                             , &
279                 INTENT(INOUT)   ::                                 &
280                                                               QGH
281 
282       REAL,     DIMENSION( ims:ime )                             , &
283                 INTENT(OUT)     ::                        U10,V10, &
284                                                 TH2,T2,Q2,QSFC,LH
285 
286       REAL,     DIMENSION( ims:ime )                             , &
287                 INTENT(OUT)     ::              uratx,vratx,tratx
288                                     
289       REAL,     INTENT(IN   )               ::   CP,G,ROVCP,R,XLV,DX
290 
291 ! MODULE-LOCAL VARIABLES, DEFINED IN SUBROUTINE SFCLAY
292       REAL,     DIMENSION( its:ite ),  INTENT(IN   )   ::  dz8w1d
293 
294       REAL,     DIMENSION( its:ite ),  INTENT(IN   )   ::      UX, &
295                                                                VX, &
296                                                              QV1D, &
297                                                               P1D, &
298                                                               T1D
299  
300 ! LOCAL VARS
301 
302       REAL,     DIMENSION( its:ite )        ::                 ZA, &
303                                                         THVX,ZQKL, &
304                                                            ZQKLP1, &
305                                                            THX,QX, &
306                                                             PSIH2, &
307                                                             PSIM2, &
308                                                             PSIH10, &
309                                                             PSIM10, &
310                                                            GZ2OZ0, &
311                                                            GZ10OZ0
312 !
313       REAL,     DIMENSION( its:ite )        ::                     &
314                                                       RHOX,GOVRTH, &
315                                                             TGDSA
316 !
317       REAL,     DIMENSION( its:ite)         ::          SCR3,SCR4
318       REAL,     DIMENSION( its:ite )        ::         THGB, PSFC
319 !
320       INTEGER                               ::                 KL
321 
322       INTEGER ::  N,I,K,KK,L,NZOL,NK,NZOL2,NZOL10
323 
324       REAL    ::  PL,THCON,TVCON,E1
325       REAL    ::  ZL,TSKV,DTHVDZ,DTHVM,VCONV,RZOL,RZOL2,RZOL10,ZOL2,ZOL10
326       REAL    ::  DTG,PSIX,USTM,DTTHX,PSIX10,PSIT,PSIT2,PSIQ,PSIQ2
327       REAL    ::  FLUXC,VSGD
328 !-------------------------------------------------------------------
329       KL=kte
330 
331       DO i=its,ite
332 ! PSFC cmb
333          PSFC(I)=PSFCPA(I)/1000.
334       ENDDO
335 !                                                      
336 !----CONVERT GROUND TEMPERATURE TO POTENTIAL TEMPERATURE:  
337 !                                                            
338       DO 5 I=its,ite                                   
339         TGDSA(I)=TSK(I)                                    
340 ! PSFC cmb
341         THGB(I)=TSK(I)*(100./PSFC(I))**ROVCP                
342     5 CONTINUE                                               
343 !                                                            
344 !-----DECOUPLE FLUX-FORM VARIABLES TO GIVE U,V,T,THETA,THETA-VIR.,
345 !     T-VIR., QV, AND QC AT CROSS POINTS AND AT KTAU-1.  
346 !                                                                 
347 !     *** NOTE ***                                           
348 !         THE BOUNDARY WINDS MAY NOT BE ADEQUATELY AFFECTED BY FRICTION,         
349 !         SO USE ONLY INTERIOR VALUES OF UX AND VX TO CALCULATE 
350 !         TENDENCIES.                             
351 !                                                           
352    10 CONTINUE                                                     
353 
354 !     DO 24 I=its,ite
355 !        UX(I)=U1D(I)
356 !        VX(I)=V1D(I)
357 !  24 CONTINUE                                             
358                                                              
359    26 CONTINUE                                               
360                                                    
361 !.....SCR3(I,K) STORE TEMPERATURE,                           
362 !     SCR4(I,K) STORE VIRTUAL TEMPERATURE.                                       
363                                                                                  
364       DO 30 I=its,ite
365 ! PL cmb
366          PL=P1D(I)/1000.
367          SCR3(I)=T1D(I)                                                   
368          THCON=(100./PL)**ROVCP                                                 
369          THX(I)=SCR3(I)*THCON                                               
370          SCR4(I)=SCR3(I)                                                    
371          THVX(I)=THX(I)                                                     
372          QX(I)=0.                                                             
373    30 CONTINUE                                                                 
374 !                                                                                
375       DO I=its,ite
376          QGH(I)=0.                                                                
377          FLHC(I)=0.                                                               
378          FLQC(I)=0.                                                               
379          CPM(I)=CP                                                                
380       ENDDO
381 !                                                                                
382 !     IF(IDRY.EQ.1)GOTO 80                                                   
383       DO 50 I=its,ite
384          QX(I)=QV1D(I)                                                    
385          TVCON=(1.+EP1*QX(I))                                      
386          THVX(I)=THX(I)*TVCON                                               
387          SCR4(I)=SCR3(I)*TVCON                                              
388    50 CONTINUE                                                                 
389 !                                                                                
390       DO 60 I=its,ite
391         E1=SVP1*EXP(SVP2*(TGDSA(I)-SVPT0)/(TGDSA(I)-SVP3))                       
392         QSFC(I)=EP2*E1/(PSFC(I)-E1)                                                 
393 ! QGH CHANGED TO USE LOWEST-LEVEL AIR TEMP CONSISTENT WITH MYJSFC CHANGE
394 ! Q2SAT = QGH IN LSM
395         E1=SVP1*EXP(SVP2*(T1D(I)-SVPT0)/(T1D(I)-SVP3))                       
396         QGH(I)=EP2*E1/(PSFC(I)-E1)                                                 
397         CPM(I)=CP*(1.+0.8*QX(I))                                   
398    60 CONTINUE                                                                   
399    80 CONTINUE
400                                                                                  
401 !-----COMPUTE THE HEIGHT OF FULL- AND HALF-SIGMA LEVELS ABOVE GROUND             
402 !     LEVEL, AND THE LAYER THICKNESSES.                                          
403                                                                                  
404       DO 90 I=its,ite
405         ZQKLP1(I)=0.
406         RHOX(I)=PSFC(I)*1000./(R*SCR4(I))                                       
407    90 CONTINUE                                                                   
408 !                                                                                
409       DO 110 I=its,ite                                                   
410            ZQKL(I)=dz8w1d(I)+ZQKLP1(I)
411   110 CONTINUE                                                                 
412 !                                                                                
413       DO 120 I=its,ite
414          ZA(I)=0.5*(ZQKL(I)+ZQKLP1(I))                                        
415   120 CONTINUE                                                                 
416 !                                                                                
417       DO 160 I=its,ite
418         GOVRTH(I)=G/THX(I)                                                    
419   160 CONTINUE                                                                   
420                                                                                  
421 !-----CALCULATE BULK RICHARDSON NO. OF SURFACE LAYER, ACCORDING TO               
422 !     AKB(1976), EQ(12).                                                         
423                    
424       DO 260 I=its,ite
425         GZ1OZ0(I)=ALOG(ZA(I)/ZNT(I))                                        
426         GZ2OZ0(I)=ALOG(2./ZNT(I))                                        
427         GZ10OZ0(I)=ALOG(10./ZNT(I))                                        
428         IF((XLAND(I)-1.5).GE.0)THEN                                            
429           ZL=ZNT(I)                                                            
430         ELSE                                                                     
431           ZL=0.01                                                                
432         ENDIF                                                                    
433         WSPD(I)=SQRT(UX(I)*UX(I)+VX(I)*VX(I))                        
434 
435         TSKV=THGB(I)*(1.+EP1*QSFC(I)*MAVAIL(I))                     
436         DTHVDZ=(THVX(I)-TSKV)                                                 
437 !  Convective velocity scale Vc and subgrid-scale velocity Vsg
438 !  following Beljaars (1995, QJRMS) and Mahrt and Sun (1995, MWR)
439 !                                ... HONG Aug. 2001
440 !
441 !       VCONV = 0.25*sqrt(g/tskv*pblh(i)*dthvm)
442         fluxc = max(hfx(i)/rhox(i)/cp                    &
443               + ep1*tskv*qfx(i)/rhox(i),0.)
444         VCONV = vconvc*(g/tgdsa(i)*pblh(i)*fluxc)**.33
445 !       IF(-DTHVDZ.GE.0)THEN
446 !         DTHVM=-DTHVDZ
447 !       ELSE
448 !         DTHVM=0.
449 !       ENDIF
450 !       VCONV = max(vconv,VCONVC*SQRT(DTHVM))
451 ! VCONV comes from Beljaars only
452         VSGD = 0.32 * (max(dx/5000.-1.,0.))**.33
453         WSPD(I)=SQRT(WSPD(I)*WSPD(I)+VCONV*VCONV+vsgd*vsgd)
454         WSPD(I)=AMAX1(WSPD(I),0.1)
455         BR(I)=GOVRTH(I)*ZA(I)*DTHVDZ/(WSPD(I)*WSPD(I))                        
456 !  IF PREVIOUSLY UNSTABLE, DO NOT LET INTO REGIMES 1 AND 2
457         IF(MOL(I).LT.0.)BR(I)=AMIN1(BR(I),0.0)
458 !jdf
459         RMOL(I)=-GOVRTH(I)*DTHVDZ*ZA(I)*KARMAN
460 !jdf
461 
462   260 CONTINUE                                                                   
463 
464 !                                                                                
465 !-----DIAGNOSE BASIC PARAMETERS FOR THE APPROPRIATED STABILITY CLASS:            
466 !                                                                                
467 !                                                                                
468 !     THE STABILITY CLASSES ARE DETERMINED BY BR (BULK RICHARDSON NO.)           
469 !     AND HOL (HEIGHT OF PBL/MONIN-OBUKHOV LENGTH).                              
470 !                                                                                
471 !     CRITERIA FOR THE CLASSES ARE AS FOLLOWS:                                   
472 !                                                                                
473 !        1. BR .GE. 0.2;                                                         
474 !               REPRESENTS NIGHTTIME STABLE CONDITIONS (REGIME=1),               
475 !                                                                                
476 !        2. BR .LT. 0.2 .AND. BR .GT. 0.0;                                       
477 !               REPRESENTS DAMPED MECHANICAL TURBULENT CONDITIONS                
478 !               (REGIME=2),                                                      
479 !                                                                                
480 !        3. BR .EQ. 0.0                                                          
481 !               REPRESENTS FORCED CONVECTION CONDITIONS (REGIME=3),              
482 !                                                                                
483 !        4. BR .LT. 0.0                                                          
484 !               REPRESENTS FREE CONVECTION CONDITIONS (REGIME=4).                
485 !                                                                                
486 !CCCCC                                                                           
487 
488       DO 320 I=its,ite
489 !CCCCC                                                                           
490 !CC     REMOVE REGIME 3 DEPENDENCE ON PBL HEIGHT                                 
491 !CC          IF(BR(I).LT.0..AND.HOL(I,J).GT.1.5)GOTO 310                         
492         IF(BR(I).LT.0.)GOTO 310                                                  
493 !                                                                                
494 !-----CLASS 1; STABLE (NIGHTTIME) CONDITIONS:                                    
495 !                                                                                
496         IF(BR(I).LT.0.2)GOTO 270                                                 
497         REGIME(I)=1.                                                           
498         PSIM(I)=-10.*GZ1OZ0(I)                                                   
499 !    LOWER LIMIT ON PSI IN STABLE CONDITIONS                                     
500         PSIM(I)=AMAX1(PSIM(I),-10.)                                              
501         PSIH(I)=PSIM(I)                                                          
502         PSIM10(I)=10./ZA(I)*PSIM(I)
503         PSIM10(I)=AMAX1(PSIM10(I),-10.)                               
504         PSIH10(I)=PSIM10(I)                                          
505         PSIM2(I)=2./ZA(I)*PSIM(I)
506         PSIM2(I)=AMAX1(PSIM2(I),-10.)                              
507         PSIH2(I)=PSIM2(I)                                         
508 
509 !       1.0 over Monin-Obukhov length
510         IF(UST(I).LT.0.01)THEN
511            RMOL(I)=BR(I)*GZ1OZ0(I) !ZA/L
512         ELSE
513            RMOL(I)=KARMAN*GOVRTH(I)*ZA(I)*MOL(I)/(UST(I)*UST(I)) !ZA/L
514         ENDIF
515         RMOL(I)=AMIN1(RMOL(I),9.999) ! ZA/L
516         RMOL(I) = RMOL(I)/ZA(I) !1.0/L
517 
518         GOTO 320                                                                 
519 !                                                                                
520 !-----CLASS 2; DAMPED MECHANICAL TURBULENCE:                                     
521 !                                                                                
522   270   IF(BR(I).EQ.0.0)GOTO 280                                                 
523         REGIME(I)=2.                                                           
524         PSIM(I)=-5.0*BR(I)*GZ1OZ0(I)/(1.1-5.0*BR(I))                             
525 !    LOWER LIMIT ON PSI IN STABLE CONDITIONS                                     
526         PSIM(I)=AMAX1(PSIM(I),-10.)                                              
527 !.....AKB(1976), EQ(16).                                                         
528         PSIH(I)=PSIM(I)                                                          
529         PSIM10(I)=10./ZA(I)*PSIM(I)
530         PSIM10(I)=AMAX1(PSIM10(I),-10.)                               
531         PSIH10(I)=PSIM10(I)                                          
532         PSIM2(I)=2./ZA(I)*PSIM(I)
533         PSIM2(I)=AMAX1(PSIM2(I),-10.)                              
534         PSIH2(I)=PSIM2(I)                                         
535 
536         ! Linear form: PSIM = -0.5*ZA/L; e.g, see eqn 16 of
537         ! Blackadar, Modeling the nocturnal boundary layer, Preprints,
538         ! Third Symposium on Atmospheric Turbulence Diffusion and Air Quality,
539         ! Raleigh, NC, 1976
540         ZOL(I) = BR(I)*GZ1OZ0(I)/(1.00001-5.0*BR(I))
541 
542         if ( ZOL(I) .GT. 0.5 ) then ! linear form ok
543            ! Holtslag and de Bruin, J. App. Meteor 27, 689-704, 1988;
544            ! see also, Launiainen, Boundary-Layer Meteor 76,165-179, 1995
545            ! Eqn (8) of Launiainen, 1995
546            ZOL(I) = ( 1.89*GZ1OZ0(I) + 44.2 ) * BR(I)*BR(I)    &
547                 + ( 1.18*GZ1OZ0(I) - 1.37 ) * BR(I)
548            ZOL(I)=AMIN1(ZOL(I),9.999)
549         end if
550 
551         ! 1.0 over Monin-Obukhov length
552         RMOL(I)= ZOL(I)/ZA(I)
553 
554         GOTO 320                                                                 
555 !                                                                                
556 !-----CLASS 3; FORCED CONVECTION:                                                
557 !                                                                                
558   280   REGIME(I)=3.                                                           
559         PSIM(I)=0.0                                                              
560         PSIH(I)=PSIM(I)                                                          
561         PSIM10(I)=0.                                                   
562         PSIH10(I)=PSIM10(I)                                           
563         PSIM2(I)=0.                                                  
564         PSIH2(I)=PSIM2(I)                                           
565 
566                                                                                  
567         IF(UST(I).LT.0.01)THEN                                                 
568           ZOL(I)=BR(I)*GZ1OZ0(I)                                               
569         ELSE                                                                     
570           ZOL(I)=KARMAN*GOVRTH(I)*ZA(I)*MOL(I)/(UST(I)*UST(I)) 
571         ENDIF                                                                    
572 
573         RMOL(I) = ZOL(I)/ZA(I)  
574 
575         GOTO 320                                                                 
576 !                                                                                
577 !-----CLASS 4; FREE CONVECTION:                                                  
578 !                                                                                
579   310   CONTINUE                                                                 
580         REGIME(I)=4.                                                           
581         IF(UST(I).LT.0.01)THEN                                                 
582           ZOL(I)=BR(I)*GZ1OZ0(I)                                               
583         ELSE                                                                     
584           ZOL(I)=KARMAN*GOVRTH(I)*ZA(I)*MOL(I)/(UST(I)*UST(I))
585         ENDIF                                                                    
586         ZOL10=10./ZA(I)*ZOL(I)                                    
587         ZOL2=2./ZA(I)*ZOL(I)                                     
588         ZOL(I)=AMIN1(ZOL(I),0.)                                              
589         ZOL(I)=AMAX1(ZOL(I),-9.9999)                                         
590         ZOL10=AMIN1(ZOL10,0.)                                          
591         ZOL10=AMAX1(ZOL10,-9.9999)                                    
592         ZOL2=AMIN1(ZOL2,0.)                                          
593         ZOL2=AMAX1(ZOL2,-9.9999)                                    
594         NZOL=INT(-ZOL(I)*100.)                                                 
595         RZOL=-ZOL(I)*100.-NZOL                                                 
596         NZOL10=INT(-ZOL10*100.)                                        
597         RZOL10=-ZOL10*100.-NZOL10                                     
598         NZOL2=INT(-ZOL2*100.)                                        
599         RZOL2=-ZOL2*100.-NZOL2                                      
600         PSIM(I)=PSIMTB(NZOL)+RZOL*(PSIMTB(NZOL+1)-PSIMTB(NZOL))                  
601         PSIH(I)=PSIHTB(NZOL)+RZOL*(PSIHTB(NZOL+1)-PSIHTB(NZOL))                  
602         PSIM10(I)=PSIMTB(NZOL10)+RZOL10*(PSIMTB(NZOL10+1)-PSIMTB(NZOL10))                                                    
603         PSIH10(I)=PSIHTB(NZOL10)+RZOL10*(PSIHTB(NZOL10+1)-PSIHTB(NZOL10))
604         PSIM2(I)=PSIMTB(NZOL2)+RZOL2*(PSIMTB(NZOL2+1)-PSIMTB(NZOL2))    
605         PSIH2(I)=PSIHTB(NZOL2)+RZOL2*(PSIHTB(NZOL2+1)-PSIHTB(NZOL2))   
606 
607 !---LIMIT PSIH AND PSIM IN THE CASE OF THIN LAYERS AND HIGH ROUGHNESS            
608 !---  THIS PREVENTS DENOMINATOR IN FLUXES FROM GETTING TOO SMALL                 
609 !       PSIH(I)=AMIN1(PSIH(I),0.9*GZ1OZ0(I))                                     
610 !       PSIM(I)=AMIN1(PSIM(I),0.9*GZ1OZ0(I))                                     
611         PSIH(I)=AMIN1(PSIH(I),0.9*GZ1OZ0(I))
612         PSIM(I)=AMIN1(PSIM(I),0.9*GZ1OZ0(I))
613         PSIH2(I)=AMIN1(PSIH2(I),0.9*GZ2OZ0(I))
614         PSIM10(I)=AMIN1(PSIM10(I),0.9*GZ10OZ0(I))
615 
616         RMOL(I) = ZOL(I)/ZA(I)  
617 
618   320 CONTINUE                                                                   
619 !                                                                                
620 !-----COMPUTE THE FRICTIONAL VELOCITY:                                           
621 !     ZA(1982) EQS(2.60),(2.61).                                                 
622 !                                                                                
623       DO 330 I=its,ite
624         DTG=THX(I)-THGB(I)                                                   
625         PSIX=GZ1OZ0(I)-PSIM(I)                                                   
626         PSIX10=GZ10OZ0(I)-PSIM10(I)
627 !     LOWER LIMIT ADDED TO PREVENT LARGE FLHC IN SOIL MODEL
628 !     ACTIVATES IN UNSTABLE CONDITIONS WITH THIN LAYERS OR HIGH Z0
629         PSIT=AMAX1(GZ1OZ0(I)-PSIH(I),2.)
630 
631         IF((XLAND(I)-1.5).GE.0)THEN                                            
632           ZL=ZNT(I)                                                            
633         ELSE                                                                     
634           ZL=0.01                                                                
635         ENDIF                                                                    
636         PSIQ=ALOG(KARMAN*UST(I)*ZA(I)/XKA+ZA(I)/ZL)-PSIH(I)   
637         PSIT2=GZ2OZ0(I)-PSIH2(I)                                     
638         PSIQ2=ALOG(KARMAN*UST(I)*2./XKA+2./ZL)-PSIH2(I)                                   
639 ! TO PREVENT OSCILLATIONS AVERAGE WITH OLD VALUE 
640         UST(I)=0.5*UST(I)+0.5*KARMAN*WSPD(I)/PSIX                                             
641         U10(I)=UX(I)*PSIX10/PSIX                                    
642         V10(I)=VX(I)*PSIX10/PSIX                                   
643         TH2(I)=THGB(I)+DTG*PSIT2/PSIT                                
644         Q2(I)=QSFC(I)+(QX(I)-QSFC(I))*PSIQ2/PSIQ                   
645         T2(I) = TH2(I)*(PSFC(I)/100.)**ROVCP                     
646 !       LATER Q2 WILL BE OVERWRITTEN FOR LAND POINTS IN SURFCE     
647 !       QA2(I,J) = Q2(I)                                         
648 !       UA10(I,J) = U10(I)                                      
649 !       VA10(I,J) = V10(I)                                     
650 !       write(*,1002)UST(I),KARMAN*WSPD(I),PSIX,KARMAN*WSPD(I)/PSIX
651 !                                                                                
652         IF(ABS(U10(I)) .GT. 1.E-10) THEN
653            uratx(I) = UX(I)/U10(I)
654         ELSE
655            uratx(I) = 1.2
656         END IF
657         IF(ABS(V10(I)) .GT. 1.E-10) THEN
658            vratx(I) = VX(I)/V10(I)
659         ELSE
660            vratx(I) = 1.2 
661         END IF
662         tratx(I) = THX(I)/TH2(I)
663 
664         USTM=AMAX1(UST(I),0.1)                                                 
665         IF((XLAND(I)-1.5).GE.0)THEN                                            
666           UST(I)=UST(I)                                                      
667         ELSE                                                                     
668           UST(I)=USTM                                                          
669         ENDIF                                                                    
670 !       write(*,1002)UST(I),USTM,I,J
671  1002   format(f15.12,2x,f15.12,2x,f15.12,2x,f15.12,2x,f15.12)
672         MOL(I)=KARMAN*DTG/PSIT/PRT                              
673   330 CONTINUE                                                                   
674 !                                                                                
675   335 CONTINUE                                                                   
676                                                                                   
677 !-----COMPUTE THE SURFACE SENSIBLE AND LATENT HEAT FLUXES:                       
678                                                                                  
679       DO i=its,ite
680         QFX(i)=0.                                                              
681         HFX(i)=0.                                                              
682       ENDDO
683 
684       IF (ISFFLX.EQ.0) GOTO 410                                                
685                                                                                  
686 !-----OVER WATER, ALTER ROUGHNESS LENGTH (ZNT) ACCORDING TO WIND (UST).          
687                                                                                  
688       DO 360 I=its,ite
689         IF((XLAND(I)-1.5).GE.0)THEN                                            
690           ZNT(I)=CZO*UST(I)*UST(I)/G+OZO                                   
691         ENDIF                                                                    
692         IF((XLAND(I)-1.5).GE.0)THEN                                            
693           ZL=ZNT(I)                                                            
694         ELSE                                                                     
695           ZL=0.01                                                                
696         ENDIF                                                                    
697         FLQC(I)=RHOX(I)*MAVAIL(I)*UST(I)*KARMAN/(   & 
698                 ALOG(KARMAN*UST(I)*ZA(I)/XKA+ZA(I)/ZL)-PSIH(I))          
699         DTTHX=ABS(THX(I)-THGB(I))                                            
700         IF(DTTHX.GT.1.E-5)THEN                                                   
701           FLHC(I)=CPM(I)*RHOX(I)*UST(I)*MOL(I)/(THX(I)-THGB(I))          
702 !         write(*,1001)FLHC(I),CPM(I),RHOX(I),UST(I),MOL(I),THX(I),THGB(I),I
703  1001   format(f8.5,2x,f12.7,2x,f12.10,2x,f12.10,2x,f13.10,2x,f12.8,f12.8,2x,i3)
704         ELSE                                                                     
705           FLHC(I)=0.                                                             
706         ENDIF                                                                    
707   360 CONTINUE                                                                   
708 
709 !                                                                                
710 !-----COMPUTE SURFACE MOIST FLUX:                                                
711 !                                                                                
712 !     IF(IDRY.EQ.1)GOTO 390                                                
713 !                                                                                
714       DO 370 I=its,ite
715         QFX(I)=FLQC(I)*(QSFC(I)-QX(I))                                     
716         QFX(I)=AMAX1(QFX(I),0.)                                            
717         LH(I)=XLV*QFX(I)
718   370 CONTINUE                                                                 
719                                                                                 
720 !-----COMPUTE SURFACE HEAT FLUX:                                                 
721 !                                                                                
722   390 CONTINUE                                                                 
723       DO 400 I=its,ite
724         IF(XLAND(I)-1.5.GT.0.)THEN                                           
725           HFX(I)=FLHC(I)*(THGB(I)-THX(I))                                
726         ELSEIF(XLAND(I)-1.5.LT.0.)THEN                                       
727           HFX(I)=FLHC(I)*(THGB(I)-THX(I))                                
728           HFX(I)=AMAX1(HFX(I),-250.)                                       
729         ENDIF                                                                  
730   400 CONTINUE                                                                 
731          
732       DO I=its,ite
733          IF((XLAND(I)-1.5).GE.0)THEN
734            ZL=ZNT(I)
735          ELSE
736            ZL=0.01
737          ENDIF
738          CHS(I)=UST(I)*KARMAN/(ALOG(KARMAN*UST(I)*ZA(I) &
739                 /XKA+ZA(I)/ZL)-PSIH(I))
740 !        GZ2OZ0(I)=ALOG(2./ZNT(I))
741 !        PSIM2(I)=-10.*GZ2OZ0(I)
742 !        PSIM2(I)=AMAX1(PSIM2(I),-10.)
743 !        PSIH2(I)=PSIM2(I)
744          CQS2(I)=UST(I)*KARMAN/(ALOG(KARMAN*UST(I)*2.0  &
745                /XKA+2.0/ZL)-PSIH2(I))
746          CHS2(I)=UST(I)*KARMAN/(GZ2OZ0(I)-PSIH2(I))
747       ENDDO
748                                                                         
749   410 CONTINUE                                                                   
750 !jdf
751 !     DO I=its,ite
752 !       IF(UST(I).GE.0.1) THEN
753 !         RMOL(I)=RMOL(I)*(-FLHC(I))/(UST(I)*UST(I)*UST(I))
754 !       ELSE
755 !         RMOL(I)=RMOL(I)*(-FLHC(I))/(0.1*0.1*0.1)
756 !       ENDIF
757 !     ENDDO
758 !jdf
759 
760 !                                                                                
761    END SUBROUTINE SFCLAY1D
762 
763 !====================================================================
764    SUBROUTINE sfclayinit( allowed_to_read )         
765 
766    LOGICAL , INTENT(IN)      ::      allowed_to_read
767    INTEGER                   ::      N
768    REAL                      ::      ZOLN,X,Y
769 
770    DO N=0,1000
771       ZOLN=-FLOAT(N)*0.01
772       X=(1-16.*ZOLN)**0.25
773       PSIMTB(N)=2*ALOG(0.5*(1+X))+ALOG(0.5*(1+X*X))- &
774                 2.*ATAN(X)+2.*ATAN(1.)
775       Y=(1-16*ZOLN)**0.5
776       PSIHTB(N)=2*ALOG(0.5*(1+Y))
777    ENDDO
778 
779    END SUBROUTINE sfclayinit
780 
781 !-------------------------------------------------------------------          
782 
783 END MODULE module_sf_sfclay