module_sf_sfclay.F

References to this file elsewhere.
1 !WRF:MODEL_LAYER:PHYSICS
2 !
3 MODULE module_sf_sfclay
4 
5  REAL    , PARAMETER ::  VCONVC=1.
6  REAL    , PARAMETER ::  CZO=0.0185
7  REAL    , PARAMETER ::  OZO=1.59E-5
8 
9  REAL,   DIMENSION(0:1000 ),SAVE          :: PSIMTB,PSIHTB
10 
11 CONTAINS
12 
13 !-------------------------------------------------------------------
14    SUBROUTINE SFCLAY(U3D,V3D,T3D,QV3D,P3D,dz8w,                    &
15                      CP,G,ROVCP,R,XLV,PSFC,CHS,CHS2,CQS2,CPM,      &
16                      ZNT,UST,PBLH,MAVAIL,ZOL,MOL,REGIME,PSIM,PSIH, &
17                      XLAND,HFX,QFX,LH,TSK,FLHC,FLQC,QGH,QSFC,RMOL, &
18                      uratx,vratx,tratx,                            &
19                      U10,V10,TH2,T2,Q2,                            &
20                      GZ1OZ0,WSPD,BR,ISFFLX,DX,                     &
21                      SVP1,SVP2,SVP3,SVPT0,EP1,EP2,                 &
22                      KARMAN,EOMEG,STBOLT,                          &
23                      ids,ide, jds,jde, kds,kde,                    &
24                      ims,ime, jms,jme, kms,kme,                    &
25                      its,ite, jts,jte, kts,kte                     )
26 !-------------------------------------------------------------------
27       IMPLICIT NONE
28 !-------------------------------------------------------------------
29 !-- U3D         3D u-velocity interpolated to theta points (m/s)
30 !-- V3D         3D v-velocity interpolated to theta points (m/s)
31 !-- T3D         temperature (K)
32 !-- QV3D        3D water vapor mixing ratio (Kg/Kg)
33 !-- P3D         3D pressure (Pa)
34 !-- dz8w        dz between full levels (m)
35 !-- CP          heat capacity at constant pressure for dry air (J/kg/K)
36 !-- G           acceleration due to gravity (m/s^2)
37 !-- ROVCP       R/CP
38 !-- R           gas constant for dry air (J/kg/K)
39 !-- XLV         latent heat of vaporization for water (J/kg)
40 !-- PSFC        surface pressure (Pa)
41 !-- ZNT         roughness length (m)
42 !-- UST         u* in similarity theory (m/s)
43 !-- PBLH        PBL height from previous time (m)
44 !-- MAVAIL      surface moisture availability (between 0 and 1)
45 !-- ZOL         z/L height over Monin-Obukhov length
46 !-- MOL         T* (similarity theory) (K)
47 !-- REGIME      flag indicating PBL regime (stable, unstable, etc.)
48 !-- PSIM        similarity stability function for momentum
49 !-- PSIH        similarity stability function for heat
50 !-- XLAND       land mask (1 for land, 2 for water)
51 !-- HFX         upward heat flux at the surface (W/m^2)
52 !-- QFX         upward moisture flux at the surface (kg/m^2/s)
53 !-- LH          net upward latent heat flux at surface (W/m^2)
54 !-- TSK         surface temperature (K)
55 !-- FLHC        exchange coefficient for heat (W/m^2/K)
56 !-- FLQC        exchange coefficient for moisture (kg/m^2/s)
57 !-- CHS         heat/moisture exchange coefficient for LSM (m/s)
58 !-- QGH         lowest-level saturated mixing ratio
59 !-- QSFC        ground saturated mixing ratio
60 !-- uratx       ratio of surface U to U10
61 !-- vratx       ratio of surface V to V10
62 !-- tratx       ratio of surface T to TH2
63 !-- U10         diagnostic 10m u wind
64 !-- V10         diagnostic 10m v wind
65 !-- TH2         diagnostic 2m theta (K)
66 !-- T2          diagnostic 2m temperature (K)
67 !-- Q2          diagnostic 2m mixing ratio (kg/kg)
68 !-- GZ1OZ0      log(z/z0) where z0 is roughness length
69 !-- WSPD        wind speed at lowest model level (m/s)
70 !-- BR          bulk Richardson number in surface layer
71 !-- ISFFLX      isfflx=1 for surface heat and moisture fluxes
72 !-- DX          horizontal grid size (m)
73 !-- SVP1        constant for saturation vapor pressure (kPa)
74 !-- SVP2        constant for saturation vapor pressure (dimensionless)
75 !-- SVP3        constant for saturation vapor pressure (K)
76 !-- SVPT0       constant for saturation vapor pressure (K)
77 !-- EP1         constant for virtual temperature (R_v/R_d - 1) (dimensionless)
78 !-- EP2         constant for specific humidity calculation 
79 !               (R_d/R_v) (dimensionless)
80 !-- KARMAN      Von Karman constant
81 !-- EOMEG       angular velocity of earth's rotation (rad/s)
82 !-- STBOLT      Stefan-Boltzmann constant (W/m^2/K^4)
83 !-- ids         start index for i in domain
84 !-- ide         end index for i in domain
85 !-- jds         start index for j in domain
86 !-- jde         end index for j in domain
87 !-- kds         start index for k in domain
88 !-- kde         end index for k in domain
89 !-- ims         start index for i in memory
90 !-- ime         end index for i in memory
91 !-- jms         start index for j in memory
92 !-- jme         end index for j in memory
93 !-- kms         start index for k in memory
94 !-- kme         end index for k in memory
95 !-- its         start index for i in tile
96 !-- ite         end index for i in tile
97 !-- jts         start index for j in tile
98 !-- jte         end index for j in tile
99 !-- kts         start index for k in tile
100 !-- kte         end index for k in tile
101 !-------------------------------------------------------------------
102       INTEGER,  INTENT(IN )   ::        ids,ide, jds,jde, kds,kde, &
103                                         ims,ime, jms,jme, kms,kme, &
104                                         its,ite, jts,jte, kts,kte
105 !                                                               
106       INTEGER,  INTENT(IN )   ::        ISFFLX
107       REAL,     INTENT(IN )   ::        SVP1,SVP2,SVP3,SVPT0
108       REAL,     INTENT(IN )   ::        EP1,EP2,KARMAN,EOMEG,STBOLT
109 !
110       REAL,     DIMENSION( ims:ime, kms:kme, jms:jme )           , &
111                 INTENT(IN   )   ::                           dz8w
112                                         
113       REAL,     DIMENSION( ims:ime, kms:kme, jms:jme )           , &
114                 INTENT(IN   )   ::                           QV3D, &
115                                                               P3D, &
116                                                               T3D
117 
118       REAL,     DIMENSION( ims:ime, jms:jme )                    , &
119                 INTENT(IN   )               ::             MAVAIL, &
120                                                              PBLH, &
121                                                             XLAND, &
122                                                               TSK
123       REAL,     DIMENSION( ims:ime, jms:jme )                    , &
124                 INTENT(OUT  )               ::                U10, &
125                                                               V10, &
126                                                               TH2, &
127                                                                T2, &
128                                                                Q2, &
129                                                              QSFC
130 
131       REAL,     DIMENSION( ims:ime, jms:jme )                    , &
132                 INTENT(OUT)     ::              uratx,vratx,tratx
133 !
134       REAL,     DIMENSION( ims:ime, jms:jme )                    , &
135                 INTENT(INOUT)               ::             REGIME, &
136                                                               HFX, &
137                                                               QFX, &
138                                                                LH, &
139                                                           MOL,RMOL
140 !m the following 5 are change to memory size
141 !
142       REAL,     DIMENSION( ims:ime, jms:jme )                    , &
143                 INTENT(INOUT)   ::                 GZ1OZ0,WSPD,BR, &
144                                                         PSIM,PSIH
145 
146       REAL,     DIMENSION( ims:ime, kms:kme, jms:jme )           , &
147                 INTENT(IN   )   ::                            U3D, &
148                                                               V3D
149                                         
150       REAL,     DIMENSION( ims:ime, jms:jme )                    , &
151                 INTENT(IN   )               ::               PSFC
152 
153       REAL,     DIMENSION( ims:ime, jms:jme )                    , &
154                 INTENT(INOUT)   ::                            ZNT, &
155                                                               ZOL, &
156                                                               UST, &
157                                                               CPM, &
158                                                              CHS2, &
159                                                              CQS2, &
160                                                               CHS
161 
162       REAL,     DIMENSION( ims:ime, jms:jme )                    , &
163                 INTENT(INOUT)   ::                      FLHC,FLQC
164 
165       REAL,     DIMENSION( ims:ime, jms:jme )                    , &
166                 INTENT(INOUT)   ::                                 &
167                                                               QGH
168 
169 
170                                     
171       REAL,     INTENT(IN   )               ::   CP,G,ROVCP,R,XLV,DX
172  
173 ! LOCAL VARS
174 
175       REAL,     DIMENSION( its:ite ) ::                       U1D, &
176                                                               V1D, &
177                                                              QV1D, &
178                                                               P1D, &
179                                                               T1D
180 
181       REAL,     DIMENSION( its:ite ) ::                    dz8w1d
182 
183       INTEGER ::  I,J
184 
185       DO J=jts,jte
186         DO i=its,ite
187           dz8w1d(I) = dz8w(i,1,j)
188         ENDDO
189    
190         DO i=its,ite
191            U1D(i) =U3D(i,1,j)
192            V1D(i) =V3D(i,1,j)
193            QV1D(i)=QV3D(i,1,j)
194            P1D(i) =P3D(i,1,j)
195            T1D(i) =T3D(i,1,j)
196         ENDDO
197 
198         CALL SFCLAY1D(J,U1D,V1D,T1D,QV1D,P1D,dz8w1d,               &
199                 CP,G,ROVCP,R,XLV,PSFC(ims,j),CHS(ims,j),CHS2(ims,j),&
200                 CQS2(ims,j),CPM(ims,j),PBLH(ims,j), RMOL(ims,j),   &
201                 ZNT(ims,j),UST(ims,j),MAVAIL(ims,j),ZOL(ims,j),    &
202                 MOL(ims,j),REGIME(ims,j),PSIM(ims,j),PSIH(ims,j),  &
203                 XLAND(ims,j),HFX(ims,j),QFX(ims,j),TSK(ims,j),     &
204                 uratx(ims,j),vratx(ims,j),tratx(ims,j),            &
205                 U10(ims,j),V10(ims,j),TH2(ims,j),T2(ims,j),        &
206                 Q2(ims,j),FLHC(ims,j),FLQC(ims,j),QGH(ims,j),      &
207                 QSFC(ims,j),LH(ims,j),                             &
208                 GZ1OZ0(ims,j),WSPD(ims,j),BR(ims,j),ISFFLX,DX,     &
209                 SVP1,SVP2,SVP3,SVPT0,EP1,EP2,KARMAN,EOMEG,STBOLT,  &
210                 ids,ide, jds,jde, kds,kde,                         &
211                 ims,ime, jms,jme, kms,kme,                         &
212                 its,ite, jts,jte, kts,kte                          )
213       ENDDO
214 
215 
216    END SUBROUTINE SFCLAY
217 
218 
219 !-------------------------------------------------------------------
220    SUBROUTINE SFCLAY1D(J,UX,VX,T1D,QV1D,P1D,dz8w1d,                &
221                      CP,G,ROVCP,R,XLV,PSFCPA,CHS,CHS2,CQS2,CPM,PBLH,RMOL, &
222                      ZNT,UST,MAVAIL,ZOL,MOL,REGIME,PSIM,PSIH,      &
223                      XLAND,HFX,QFX,TSK,                            &
224                      uratx,vratx,tratx,                            &
225                      U10,V10,TH2,T2,Q2,FLHC,FLQC,QGH,              &
226                      QSFC,LH,GZ1OZ0,WSPD,BR,ISFFLX,DX,             &
227                      SVP1,SVP2,SVP3,SVPT0,EP1,EP2,                 &
228                      KARMAN,EOMEG,STBOLT,                          &
229                      ids,ide, jds,jde, kds,kde,                    &
230                      ims,ime, jms,jme, kms,kme,                    &
231                      its,ite, jts,jte, kts,kte                     )
232 !-------------------------------------------------------------------
233       IMPLICIT NONE
234 !-------------------------------------------------------------------
235       REAL,     PARAMETER     ::        XKA=2.4E-5
236       REAL,     PARAMETER     ::        PRT=1.
237 
238       INTEGER,  INTENT(IN )   ::        ids,ide, jds,jde, kds,kde, &
239                                         ims,ime, jms,jme, kms,kme, &
240                                         its,ite, jts,jte, kts,kte, &
241                                         J
242 !                                                               
243       INTEGER,  INTENT(IN )   ::        ISFFLX
244       REAL,     INTENT(IN )   ::        SVP1,SVP2,SVP3,SVPT0
245       REAL,     INTENT(IN )   ::        EP1,EP2,KARMAN,EOMEG,STBOLT
246 
247 !
248       REAL,     DIMENSION( ims:ime )                             , &
249                 INTENT(IN   )               ::             MAVAIL, &
250                                                              PBLH, &
251                                                             XLAND, &
252                                                               TSK
253 !
254       REAL,     DIMENSION( ims:ime )                             , &
255                 INTENT(IN   )               ::             PSFCPA
256 
257       REAL,     DIMENSION( ims:ime )                             , &
258                 INTENT(INOUT)               ::             REGIME, &
259                                                               HFX, &
260                                                               QFX, &
261                                                          MOL,RMOL
262 !m the following 5 are changed to memory size---
263 !
264       REAL,     DIMENSION( ims:ime )                             , &
265                 INTENT(INOUT)   ::                 GZ1OZ0,WSPD,BR, &
266                                                         PSIM,PSIH
267 
268       REAL,     DIMENSION( ims:ime )                             , &
269                 INTENT(INOUT)   ::                            ZNT, &
270                                                               ZOL, &
271                                                               UST, &
272                                                               CPM, &
273                                                              CHS2, &
274                                                              CQS2, &
275                                                               CHS
276 
277       REAL,     DIMENSION( ims:ime )                             , &
278                 INTENT(INOUT)   ::                      FLHC,FLQC
279 
280       REAL,     DIMENSION( ims:ime )                             , &
281                 INTENT(INOUT)   ::                                 &
282                                                               QGH
283 
284       REAL,     DIMENSION( ims:ime )                             , &
285                 INTENT(OUT)     ::                        U10,V10, &
286                                                 TH2,T2,Q2,QSFC,LH
287 
288       REAL,     DIMENSION( ims:ime )                             , &
289                 INTENT(OUT)     ::              uratx,vratx,tratx
290                                     
291       REAL,     INTENT(IN   )               ::   CP,G,ROVCP,R,XLV,DX
292 
293 ! MODULE-LOCAL VARIABLES, DEFINED IN SUBROUTINE SFCLAY
294       REAL,     DIMENSION( its:ite ),  INTENT(IN   )   ::  dz8w1d
295 
296       REAL,     DIMENSION( its:ite ),  INTENT(IN   )   ::      UX, &
297                                                                VX, &
298                                                              QV1D, &
299                                                               P1D, &
300                                                               T1D
301  
302 ! LOCAL VARS
303 
304       REAL,     DIMENSION( its:ite )        ::                 ZA, &
305                                                         THVX,ZQKL, &
306                                                            ZQKLP1, &
307                                                            THX,QX, &
308                                                             PSIH2, &
309                                                             PSIM2, &
310                                                             PSIH10, &
311                                                             PSIM10, &
312                                                            GZ2OZ0, &
313                                                            GZ10OZ0
314 !
315       REAL,     DIMENSION( its:ite )        ::                     &
316                                                       RHOX,GOVRTH, &
317                                                             TGDSA
318 !
319       REAL,     DIMENSION( its:ite)         ::          SCR3,SCR4
320       REAL,     DIMENSION( its:ite )        ::         THGB, PSFC
321 !
322       INTEGER                               ::                 KL
323 
324       INTEGER ::  N,I,K,KK,L,NZOL,NK,NZOL2,NZOL10
325 
326       REAL    ::  PL,THCON,TVCON,E1
327       REAL    ::  ZL,TSKV,DTHVDZ,DTHVM,VCONV,RZOL,RZOL2,RZOL10,ZOL2,ZOL10
328       REAL    ::  DTG,PSIX,USTM,DTTHX,PSIX10,PSIT,PSIT2,PSIQ,PSIQ2
329       REAL    ::  FLUXC,VSGD
330 !-------------------------------------------------------------------
331       KL=kte
332 
333       DO i=its,ite
334 ! PSFC cmb
335          PSFC(I)=PSFCPA(I)/1000.
336       ENDDO
337 !                                                      
338 !----CONVERT GROUND TEMPERATURE TO POTENTIAL TEMPERATURE:  
339 !                                                            
340       DO 5 I=its,ite                                   
341         TGDSA(I)=TSK(I)                                    
342 ! PSFC cmb
343         THGB(I)=TSK(I)*(100./PSFC(I))**ROVCP                
344     5 CONTINUE                                               
345 !                                                            
346 !-----DECOUPLE FLUX-FORM VARIABLES TO GIVE U,V,T,THETA,THETA-VIR.,
347 !     T-VIR., QV, AND QC AT CROSS POINTS AND AT KTAU-1.  
348 !                                                                 
349 !     *** NOTE ***                                           
350 !         THE BOUNDARY WINDS MAY NOT BE ADEQUATELY AFFECTED BY FRICTION,         
351 !         SO USE ONLY INTERIOR VALUES OF UX AND VX TO CALCULATE 
352 !         TENDENCIES.                             
353 !                                                           
354    10 CONTINUE                                                     
355 
356 !     DO 24 I=its,ite
357 !        UX(I)=U1D(I)
358 !        VX(I)=V1D(I)
359 !  24 CONTINUE                                             
360                                                              
361    26 CONTINUE                                               
362                                                    
363 !.....SCR3(I,K) STORE TEMPERATURE,                           
364 !     SCR4(I,K) STORE VIRTUAL TEMPERATURE.                                       
365                                                                                  
366       DO 30 I=its,ite
367 ! PL cmb
368          PL=P1D(I)/1000.
369          SCR3(I)=T1D(I)                                                   
370          THCON=(100./PL)**ROVCP                                                 
371          THX(I)=SCR3(I)*THCON                                               
372          SCR4(I)=SCR3(I)                                                    
373          THVX(I)=THX(I)                                                     
374          QX(I)=0.                                                             
375    30 CONTINUE                                                                 
376 !                                                                                
377       DO I=its,ite
378          QGH(I)=0.                                                                
379          FLHC(I)=0.                                                               
380          FLQC(I)=0.                                                               
381          CPM(I)=CP                                                                
382       ENDDO
383 !                                                                                
384 !     IF(IDRY.EQ.1)GOTO 80                                                   
385       DO 50 I=its,ite
386          QX(I)=QV1D(I)                                                    
387          TVCON=(1.+EP1*QX(I))                                      
388          THVX(I)=THX(I)*TVCON                                               
389          SCR4(I)=SCR3(I)*TVCON                                              
390    50 CONTINUE                                                                 
391 !                                                                                
392       DO 60 I=its,ite
393         E1=SVP1*EXP(SVP2*(TGDSA(I)-SVPT0)/(TGDSA(I)-SVP3))                       
394         QSFC(I)=EP2*E1/(PSFC(I)-E1)                                                 
395 ! QGH CHANGED TO USE LOWEST-LEVEL AIR TEMP CONSISTENT WITH MYJSFC CHANGE
396 ! Q2SAT = QGH IN LSM
397         E1=SVP1*EXP(SVP2*(T1D(I)-SVPT0)/(T1D(I)-SVP3))                       
398         QGH(I)=EP2*E1/(PSFC(I)-E1)                                                 
399         CPM(I)=CP*(1.+0.8*QX(I))                                   
400    60 CONTINUE                                                                   
401    80 CONTINUE
402                                                                                  
403 !-----COMPUTE THE HEIGHT OF FULL- AND HALF-SIGMA LEVELS ABOVE GROUND             
404 !     LEVEL, AND THE LAYER THICKNESSES.                                          
405                                                                                  
406       DO 90 I=its,ite
407         ZQKLP1(I)=0.
408         RHOX(I)=PSFC(I)*1000./(R*SCR4(I))                                       
409    90 CONTINUE                                                                   
410 !                                                                                
411       DO 110 I=its,ite                                                   
412            ZQKL(I)=dz8w1d(I)+ZQKLP1(I)
413   110 CONTINUE                                                                 
414 !                                                                                
415       DO 120 I=its,ite
416          ZA(I)=0.5*(ZQKL(I)+ZQKLP1(I))                                        
417   120 CONTINUE                                                                 
418 !                                                                                
419       DO 160 I=its,ite
420         GOVRTH(I)=G/THX(I)                                                    
421   160 CONTINUE                                                                   
422                                                                                  
423 !-----CALCULATE BULK RICHARDSON NO. OF SURFACE LAYER, ACCORDING TO               
424 !     AKB(1976), EQ(12).                                                         
425                    
426       DO 260 I=its,ite
427         GZ1OZ0(I)=ALOG(ZA(I)/ZNT(I))                                        
428         GZ2OZ0(I)=ALOG(2./ZNT(I))                                        
429         GZ10OZ0(I)=ALOG(10./ZNT(I))                                        
430         IF((XLAND(I)-1.5).GE.0)THEN                                            
431           ZL=ZNT(I)                                                            
432         ELSE                                                                     
433           ZL=0.01                                                                
434         ENDIF                                                                    
435         WSPD(I)=SQRT(UX(I)*UX(I)+VX(I)*VX(I))                        
436 
437         TSKV=THGB(I)*(1.+EP1*QSFC(I)*MAVAIL(I))                     
438         DTHVDZ=(THVX(I)-TSKV)                                                 
439 !  Convective velocity scale Vc and subgrid-scale velocity Vsg
440 !  following Beljaars (1995, QJRMS) and Mahrt and Sun (1995, MWR)
441 !                                ... HONG Aug. 2001
442 !
443 !       VCONV = 0.25*sqrt(g/tskv*pblh(i)*dthvm)
444         fluxc = max(hfx(i)/rhox(i)/cp                    &
445               + ep1*tskv*qfx(i)/rhox(i),0.)
446         VCONV = vconvc*(g/tgdsa(i)*pblh(i)*fluxc)**.33
447 !       IF(-DTHVDZ.GE.0)THEN
448 !         DTHVM=-DTHVDZ
449 !       ELSE
450 !         DTHVM=0.
451 !       ENDIF
452 !       VCONV = max(vconv,VCONVC*SQRT(DTHVM))
453 ! VCONV comes from Beljaars only
454         VSGD = 0.32 * (max(dx/5000.-1.,0.))**.33
455         WSPD(I)=SQRT(WSPD(I)*WSPD(I)+VCONV*VCONV+vsgd*vsgd)
456         WSPD(I)=AMAX1(WSPD(I),0.1)
457         BR(I)=GOVRTH(I)*ZA(I)*DTHVDZ/(WSPD(I)*WSPD(I))                        
458 !  IF PREVIOUSLY UNSTABLE, DO NOT LET INTO REGIMES 1 AND 2
459         IF(MOL(I).LT.0.)BR(I)=AMIN1(BR(I),0.0)
460 !jdf
461         RMOL(I)=-GOVRTH(I)*DTHVDZ*ZA(I)*KARMAN
462 !jdf
463 
464   260 CONTINUE                                                                   
465 
466 !                                                                                
467 !-----DIAGNOSE BASIC PARAMETERS FOR THE APPROPRIATED STABILITY CLASS:            
468 !                                                                                
469 !                                                                                
470 !     THE STABILITY CLASSES ARE DETERMINED BY BR (BULK RICHARDSON NO.)           
471 !     AND HOL (HEIGHT OF PBL/MONIN-OBUKHOV LENGTH).                              
472 !                                                                                
473 !     CRITERIA FOR THE CLASSES ARE AS FOLLOWS:                                   
474 !                                                                                
475 !        1. BR .GE. 0.2;                                                         
476 !               REPRESENTS NIGHTTIME STABLE CONDITIONS (REGIME=1),               
477 !                                                                                
478 !        2. BR .LT. 0.2 .AND. BR .GT. 0.0;                                       
479 !               REPRESENTS DAMPED MECHANICAL TURBULENT CONDITIONS                
480 !               (REGIME=2),                                                      
481 !                                                                                
482 !        3. BR .EQ. 0.0                                                          
483 !               REPRESENTS FORCED CONVECTION CONDITIONS (REGIME=3),              
484 !                                                                                
485 !        4. BR .LT. 0.0                                                          
486 !               REPRESENTS FREE CONVECTION CONDITIONS (REGIME=4).                
487 !                                                                                
488 !CCCCC                                                                           
489 
490       DO 320 I=its,ite
491 !CCCCC                                                                           
492 !CC     REMOVE REGIME 3 DEPENDENCE ON PBL HEIGHT                                 
493 !CC          IF(BR(I).LT.0..AND.HOL(I,J).GT.1.5)GOTO 310                         
494         IF(BR(I).LT.0.)GOTO 310                                                  
495 !                                                                                
496 !-----CLASS 1; STABLE (NIGHTTIME) CONDITIONS:                                    
497 !                                                                                
498         IF(BR(I).LT.0.2)GOTO 270                                                 
499         REGIME(I)=1.                                                           
500         PSIM(I)=-10.*GZ1OZ0(I)                                                   
501 !    LOWER LIMIT ON PSI IN STABLE CONDITIONS                                     
502         PSIM(I)=AMAX1(PSIM(I),-10.)                                              
503         PSIH(I)=PSIM(I)                                                          
504         PSIM10(I)=10./ZA(I)*PSIM(I)
505         PSIM10(I)=AMAX1(PSIM10(I),-10.)                               
506         PSIH10(I)=PSIM10(I)                                          
507         PSIM2(I)=2./ZA(I)*PSIM(I)
508         PSIM2(I)=AMAX1(PSIM2(I),-10.)                              
509         PSIH2(I)=PSIM2(I)                                         
510 
511 !       1.0 over Monin-Obukhov length
512         IF(UST(I).LT.0.01)THEN
513            RMOL(I)=BR(I)*GZ1OZ0(I) !ZA/L
514         ELSE
515            RMOL(I)=KARMAN*GOVRTH(I)*ZA(I)*MOL(I)/(UST(I)*UST(I)) !ZA/L
516         ENDIF
517         RMOL(I)=AMIN1(RMOL(I),9.999) ! ZA/L
518         RMOL(I) = RMOL(I)/ZA(I) !1.0/L
519 
520         GOTO 320                                                                 
521 !                                                                                
522 !-----CLASS 2; DAMPED MECHANICAL TURBULENCE:                                     
523 !                                                                                
524   270   IF(BR(I).EQ.0.0)GOTO 280                                                 
525         REGIME(I)=2.                                                           
526         PSIM(I)=-5.0*BR(I)*GZ1OZ0(I)/(1.1-5.0*BR(I))                             
527 !    LOWER LIMIT ON PSI IN STABLE CONDITIONS                                     
528         PSIM(I)=AMAX1(PSIM(I),-10.)                                              
529 !.....AKB(1976), EQ(16).                                                         
530         PSIH(I)=PSIM(I)                                                          
531         PSIM10(I)=10./ZA(I)*PSIM(I)
532         PSIM10(I)=AMAX1(PSIM10(I),-10.)                               
533         PSIH10(I)=PSIM10(I)                                          
534         PSIM2(I)=2./ZA(I)*PSIM(I)
535         PSIM2(I)=AMAX1(PSIM2(I),-10.)                              
536         PSIH2(I)=PSIM2(I)                                         
537 
538         ! Linear form: PSIM = -0.5*ZA/L; e.g, see eqn 16 of
539         ! Blackadar, Modeling the nocturnal boundary layer, Preprints,
540         ! Third Symposium on Atmospheric Turbulence Diffusion and Air Quality,
541         ! Raleigh, NC, 1976
542         ZOL(I) = BR(I)*GZ1OZ0(I)/(1.00001-5.0*BR(I))
543 
544         if ( ZOL(I) .GT. 0.5 ) then ! linear form ok
545            ! Holtslag and de Bruin, J. App. Meteor 27, 689-704, 1988;
546            ! see also, Launiainen, Boundary-Layer Meteor 76,165-179, 1995
547            ! Eqn (8) of Launiainen, 1995
548            ZOL(I) = ( 1.89*GZ1OZ0(I) + 44.2 ) * BR(I)*BR(I)    &
549                 + ( 1.18*GZ1OZ0(I) - 1.37 ) * BR(I)
550            ZOL(I)=AMIN1(ZOL(I),9.999)
551         end if
552 
553         ! 1.0 over Monin-Obukhov length
554         RMOL(I)= ZOL(I)/ZA(I)
555 
556         GOTO 320                                                                 
557 !                                                                                
558 !-----CLASS 3; FORCED CONVECTION:                                                
559 !                                                                                
560   280   REGIME(I)=3.                                                           
561         PSIM(I)=0.0                                                              
562         PSIH(I)=PSIM(I)                                                          
563         PSIM10(I)=0.                                                   
564         PSIH10(I)=PSIM10(I)                                           
565         PSIM2(I)=0.                                                  
566         PSIH2(I)=PSIM2(I)                                           
567 
568                                                                                  
569         IF(UST(I).LT.0.01)THEN                                                 
570           ZOL(I)=BR(I)*GZ1OZ0(I)                                               
571         ELSE                                                                     
572           ZOL(I)=KARMAN*GOVRTH(I)*ZA(I)*MOL(I)/(UST(I)*UST(I)) 
573         ENDIF                                                                    
574 
575         RMOL(I) = ZOL(I)/ZA(I)  
576 
577         GOTO 320                                                                 
578 !                                                                                
579 !-----CLASS 4; FREE CONVECTION:                                                  
580 !                                                                                
581   310   CONTINUE                                                                 
582         REGIME(I)=4.                                                           
583         IF(UST(I).LT.0.01)THEN                                                 
584           ZOL(I)=BR(I)*GZ1OZ0(I)                                               
585         ELSE                                                                     
586           ZOL(I)=KARMAN*GOVRTH(I)*ZA(I)*MOL(I)/(UST(I)*UST(I))
587         ENDIF                                                                    
588         ZOL10=10./ZA(I)*ZOL(I)                                    
589         ZOL2=2./ZA(I)*ZOL(I)                                     
590         ZOL(I)=AMIN1(ZOL(I),0.)                                              
591         ZOL(I)=AMAX1(ZOL(I),-9.9999)                                         
592         ZOL10=AMIN1(ZOL10,0.)                                          
593         ZOL10=AMAX1(ZOL10,-9.9999)                                    
594         ZOL2=AMIN1(ZOL2,0.)                                          
595         ZOL2=AMAX1(ZOL2,-9.9999)                                    
596         NZOL=INT(-ZOL(I)*100.)                                                 
597         RZOL=-ZOL(I)*100.-NZOL                                                 
598         NZOL10=INT(-ZOL10*100.)                                        
599         RZOL10=-ZOL10*100.-NZOL10                                     
600         NZOL2=INT(-ZOL2*100.)                                        
601         RZOL2=-ZOL2*100.-NZOL2                                      
602         PSIM(I)=PSIMTB(NZOL)+RZOL*(PSIMTB(NZOL+1)-PSIMTB(NZOL))                  
603         PSIH(I)=PSIHTB(NZOL)+RZOL*(PSIHTB(NZOL+1)-PSIHTB(NZOL))                  
604         PSIM10(I)=PSIMTB(NZOL10)+RZOL10*(PSIMTB(NZOL10+1)-PSIMTB(NZOL10))                                                    
605         PSIH10(I)=PSIHTB(NZOL10)+RZOL10*(PSIHTB(NZOL10+1)-PSIHTB(NZOL10))
606         PSIM2(I)=PSIMTB(NZOL2)+RZOL2*(PSIMTB(NZOL2+1)-PSIMTB(NZOL2))    
607         PSIH2(I)=PSIHTB(NZOL2)+RZOL2*(PSIHTB(NZOL2+1)-PSIHTB(NZOL2))   
608 
609 !---LIMIT PSIH AND PSIM IN THE CASE OF THIN LAYERS AND HIGH ROUGHNESS            
610 !---  THIS PREVENTS DENOMINATOR IN FLUXES FROM GETTING TOO SMALL                 
611 !       PSIH(I)=AMIN1(PSIH(I),0.9*GZ1OZ0(I))                                     
612 !       PSIM(I)=AMIN1(PSIM(I),0.9*GZ1OZ0(I))                                     
613         PSIH(I)=AMIN1(PSIH(I),0.9*GZ1OZ0(I))
614         PSIM(I)=AMIN1(PSIM(I),0.9*GZ1OZ0(I))
615         PSIH2(I)=AMIN1(PSIH2(I),0.9*GZ2OZ0(I))
616         PSIM10(I)=AMIN1(PSIM10(I),0.9*GZ10OZ0(I))
617 
618         RMOL(I) = ZOL(I)/ZA(I)  
619 
620   320 CONTINUE                                                                   
621 !                                                                                
622 !-----COMPUTE THE FRICTIONAL VELOCITY:                                           
623 !     ZA(1982) EQS(2.60),(2.61).                                                 
624 !                                                                                
625       DO 330 I=its,ite
626         DTG=THX(I)-THGB(I)                                                   
627         PSIX=GZ1OZ0(I)-PSIM(I)                                                   
628         PSIX10=GZ10OZ0(I)-PSIM10(I)
629 !     LOWER LIMIT ADDED TO PREVENT LARGE FLHC IN SOIL MODEL
630 !     ACTIVATES IN UNSTABLE CONDITIONS WITH THIN LAYERS OR HIGH Z0
631         PSIT=AMAX1(GZ1OZ0(I)-PSIH(I),2.)
632 
633         IF((XLAND(I)-1.5).GE.0)THEN                                            
634           ZL=ZNT(I)                                                            
635         ELSE                                                                     
636           ZL=0.01                                                                
637         ENDIF                                                                    
638         PSIQ=ALOG(KARMAN*UST(I)*ZA(I)/XKA+ZA(I)/ZL)-PSIH(I)   
639         PSIT2=GZ2OZ0(I)-PSIH2(I)                                     
640         PSIQ2=ALOG(KARMAN*UST(I)*2./XKA+2./ZL)-PSIH2(I)                                   
641 ! TO PREVENT OSCILLATIONS AVERAGE WITH OLD VALUE 
642         UST(I)=0.5*UST(I)+0.5*KARMAN*WSPD(I)/PSIX                                             
643         U10(I)=UX(I)*PSIX10/PSIX                                    
644         V10(I)=VX(I)*PSIX10/PSIX                                   
645         TH2(I)=THGB(I)+DTG*PSIT2/PSIT                                
646         Q2(I)=QSFC(I)+(QX(I)-QSFC(I))*PSIQ2/PSIQ                   
647         T2(I) = TH2(I)*(PSFC(I)/100.)**ROVCP                     
648 !       LATER Q2 WILL BE OVERWRITTEN FOR LAND POINTS IN SURFCE     
649 !       QA2(I,J) = Q2(I)                                         
650 !       UA10(I,J) = U10(I)                                      
651 !       VA10(I,J) = V10(I)                                     
652 !       write(*,1002)UST(I),KARMAN*WSPD(I),PSIX,KARMAN*WSPD(I)/PSIX
653 !                                                                                
654         IF(ABS(U10(I)) .GT. 1.E-10) THEN
655            uratx(I) = UX(I)/U10(I)
656         ELSE
657            uratx(I) = 1.2
658         END IF
659         IF(ABS(V10(I)) .GT. 1.E-10) THEN
660            vratx(I) = VX(I)/V10(I)
661         ELSE
662            vratx(I) = 1.2 
663         END IF
664         tratx(I) = THX(I)/TH2(I)
665 
666         USTM=AMAX1(UST(I),0.1)                                                 
667         IF((XLAND(I)-1.5).GE.0)THEN                                            
668           UST(I)=UST(I)                                                      
669         ELSE                                                                     
670           UST(I)=USTM                                                          
671         ENDIF                                                                    
672 !       write(*,1002)UST(I),USTM,I,J
673  1002   format(f15.12,2x,f15.12,2x,f15.12,2x,f15.12,2x,f15.12)
674         MOL(I)=KARMAN*DTG/PSIT/PRT                              
675   330 CONTINUE                                                                   
676 !                                                                                
677   335 CONTINUE                                                                   
678                                                                                   
679 !-----COMPUTE THE SURFACE SENSIBLE AND LATENT HEAT FLUXES:                       
680                                                                                  
681       DO i=its,ite
682         QFX(i)=0.                                                              
683         HFX(i)=0.                                                              
684       ENDDO
685 
686       IF (ISFFLX.EQ.0) GOTO 410                                                
687                                                                                  
688 !-----OVER WATER, ALTER ROUGHNESS LENGTH (ZNT) ACCORDING TO WIND (UST).          
689                                                                                  
690       DO 360 I=its,ite
691         IF((XLAND(I)-1.5).GE.0)THEN                                            
692           ZNT(I)=CZO*UST(I)*UST(I)/G+OZO                                   
693         ENDIF                                                                    
694         IF((XLAND(I)-1.5).GE.0)THEN                                            
695           ZL=ZNT(I)                                                            
696         ELSE                                                                     
697           ZL=0.01                                                                
698         ENDIF                                                                    
699         FLQC(I)=RHOX(I)*MAVAIL(I)*UST(I)*KARMAN/(   & 
700                 ALOG(KARMAN*UST(I)*ZA(I)/XKA+ZA(I)/ZL)-PSIH(I))          
701         DTTHX=ABS(THX(I)-THGB(I))                                            
702         IF(DTTHX.GT.1.E-5)THEN                                                   
703           FLHC(I)=CPM(I)*RHOX(I)*UST(I)*MOL(I)/(THX(I)-THGB(I))          
704 !         write(*,1001)FLHC(I),CPM(I),RHOX(I),UST(I),MOL(I),THX(I),THGB(I),I
705  1001   format(f8.5,2x,f12.7,2x,f12.10,2x,f12.10,2x,f13.10,2x,f12.8,f12.8,2x,i3)
706         ELSE                                                                     
707           FLHC(I)=0.                                                             
708         ENDIF                                                                    
709   360 CONTINUE                                                                   
710 
711 !                                                                                
712 !-----COMPUTE SURFACE MOIST FLUX:                                                
713 !                                                                                
714 !     IF(IDRY.EQ.1)GOTO 390                                                
715 !                                                                                
716       DO 370 I=its,ite
717         QFX(I)=FLQC(I)*(QSFC(I)-QX(I))                                     
718         QFX(I)=AMAX1(QFX(I),0.)                                            
719         LH(I)=XLV*QFX(I)
720   370 CONTINUE                                                                 
721                                                                                 
722 !-----COMPUTE SURFACE HEAT FLUX:                                                 
723 !                                                                                
724   390 CONTINUE                                                                 
725       DO 400 I=its,ite
726         IF(XLAND(I)-1.5.GT.0.)THEN                                           
727           HFX(I)=FLHC(I)*(THGB(I)-THX(I))                                
728         ELSEIF(XLAND(I)-1.5.LT.0.)THEN                                       
729           HFX(I)=FLHC(I)*(THGB(I)-THX(I))                                
730           HFX(I)=AMAX1(HFX(I),-250.)                                       
731         ENDIF                                                                  
732   400 CONTINUE                                                                 
733          
734       DO I=its,ite
735          IF((XLAND(I)-1.5).GE.0)THEN
736            ZL=ZNT(I)
737          ELSE
738            ZL=0.01
739          ENDIF
740          CHS(I)=UST(I)*KARMAN/(ALOG(KARMAN*UST(I)*ZA(I) &
741                 /XKA+ZA(I)/ZL)-PSIH(I))
742 !        GZ2OZ0(I)=ALOG(2./ZNT(I))
743 !        PSIM2(I)=-10.*GZ2OZ0(I)
744 !        PSIM2(I)=AMAX1(PSIM2(I),-10.)
745 !        PSIH2(I)=PSIM2(I)
746          CQS2(I)=UST(I)*KARMAN/(ALOG(KARMAN*UST(I)*2.0  &
747                /XKA+2.0/ZL)-PSIH2(I))
748          CHS2(I)=UST(I)*KARMAN/(GZ2OZ0(I)-PSIH2(I))
749       ENDDO
750                                                                         
751   410 CONTINUE                                                                   
752 !jdf
753 !     DO I=its,ite
754 !       IF(UST(I).GE.0.1) THEN
755 !         RMOL(I)=RMOL(I)*(-FLHC(I))/(UST(I)*UST(I)*UST(I))
756 !       ELSE
757 !         RMOL(I)=RMOL(I)*(-FLHC(I))/(0.1*0.1*0.1)
758 !       ENDIF
759 !     ENDDO
760 !jdf
761 
762 !                                                                                
763    END SUBROUTINE SFCLAY1D
764 
765 !====================================================================
766    SUBROUTINE sfclayinit( allowed_to_read )         
767 
768    LOGICAL , INTENT(IN)      ::      allowed_to_read
769    INTEGER                   ::      N
770    REAL                      ::      ZOLN,X,Y
771 
772    DO N=0,1000
773       ZOLN=-FLOAT(N)*0.01
774       X=(1-16.*ZOLN)**0.25
775       PSIMTB(N)=2*ALOG(0.5*(1+X))+ALOG(0.5*(1+X*X))- &
776                 2.*ATAN(X)+2.*ATAN(1.)
777       Y=(1-16*ZOLN)**0.5
778       PSIHTB(N)=2*ALOG(0.5*(1+Y))
779    ENDDO
780 
781    END SUBROUTINE sfclayinit
782 
783 !-------------------------------------------------------------------          
784 
785 END MODULE module_sf_sfclay