WRF Software Testing

The testing conducted on the WRF code to ensure bit-for-bit behavior on differing processor counts runs through hundreds of short forecasts (only about 10 time-steps) in about an hour. The purpose is to activate as many possible physics options. If single processor vs. multiple processor results differ, then there is a strong likelihood that improper initialization of variables, missing communications, or race conditions exist. While tracking down the root cause of the problem is extremely time-consuming, physics options that exhibit clean bit-wise reproducible results are more likely to be robust. This testing is handled entirely with a mechanism designed to run on small desktops, as well as on batch systems.

     WRF Test Framework

1. Overview

The WRF Testing Framework is designed to build, test, and analyze test results for one or more versions of the WRF model. With the advent of NCAR's flagship mainframe, Yellowstone, in early 2013, the testing framework for WRF was rewritten to accommodate Yellowstone's additional flexibility. For example, a large number of Fortran compilers are available now, instead of just a single compiler that was available on NCAR's Bluefire machine. Yellowstone's faster speed and greater job throughput has also allowed the number of tests performed for WRF to expand. Despite all of the additional variations available on Yellowstone, a complete WRF test run (compiling WRF, running tests, and analyzing results) often takes less than one hour on Yellowstone. WRF is now tested regularly for the following compilers, parallel processing configurations, compile-time variations, and run-time variations of the WRF software:

COMPILERS

GNU Fortran version 4.7.2 and 4.8.2
PGI Fortran version 12.5, 12.10, 13.3, and 13.9
Intel Fortran version 12.1.5 and 14.0.2

PARALLEL BUILD CONFIGURATIONS

Serial (single-processor) build
OpenMP (multithreaded, shared memory) build
MPI (multiprocessor, distributed memory) build

WRF COMPILE-TIME VARIATIONS

ARW
NMM
NMM Nested
NMM HWRF
ARW CHEM
ARW CHEM with KPP
Idealized Super Cell
Idealized Baroclinic Wave

ARW em_real RUN-TIME VARIATIONS

Adaptive Time-Stepping
Digital Filtering
FDDA
Grib 1 WRF Output
Binary WRF Output
Nesting
Quilting
Global Domain

2. Physics Options Applied in WRF Tests

The following table and associated table key summarize the combinations of physics options that are tested for WRF. It is important to note that while the choice of one physics option should not influence the choice of another physics option (i.e., the choice of a microphysics scheme should be independent of the cumulus scheme), in practice, certain options are developed and tested for a small subset of other physics option combinations; therefore, the following table is useful as a guide for combinations of WRF physics options that are known to provide bit-for-bit results between serial and MPI compilations of WRF. Each row in the table represents a specific test, and each column represents a specific physics option. All of the following tests are exercised using all three compilers on Yellowstone. Each of the physics combinations listed in the tables can be considered "safe" combinations that will provide successful short-term forecasts with bit-for-bit results when comparing single-processor output against distributed-memory multi-processor (MPI, for example) output.