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Refereed Journal Publications related to the PSU/NCAR Mesoscale Model MM4/MM5

This list is by no means complete, and may also contain inaccurate information. If you find any errors, or would like to add new references to the list, please e-mail the information to mesouser@ucar.edu.


A

Alapaty, K., D.T. Olerud, K. Schere and A.F. Hanna, 1995: Sensitivity of Regional Oxidant Model Predictions to Diagnostic and Prognostic Meteorological Fields. Journal of Appled Meteorology, 34, 1787-1801.

Albright, M. D., Reed, R. J., and Ovens, D. W. 1995. Origin and structure of a numerically simulated polar low over Hudson Bay. Tellus. Series A: Dynamic Meteorology and Oceanography, Stockholm, Sweden, 47A(5): 834-848.

Alexander, G. David, Weinman, James A., Schols, J. L., 1998: The use of digital warping of microwave integrated water vapor imagery to improve forecasts of marine extratropical cyclones. Mon. Wea. Rev., 126(6), 1469-1496.

Alpert P., and M. Tsidulko, 1994: Project WIND - numerical simulations with Tel Aviv model PSU-NCAR model run at Tel Aviv University. Mesoscale Modeling of the Atmosphere (eds. R.A. Pielke and R.P. Pearce), Meteorological Monographs, 25, No. 47, Amer. Meteor. Soc., Boston, 81-95.

Alpert, P., M. Tsidulko and U. Stein, 1995: Can sensitivity studies yield absolute comparisons for the effects of several processes? J. Atmos. Sci., 52, 597-601.

Alpert, P., U. Stein and M. Tsidulko, 1995: Role of sea fluxes and topography in eastern Mediterranean cyclogenesis, The Global Atmosphere-Ocean System, Vol. 3, 55-79.

Alpert, P., S.O. Krichak, T.N. Krishnamurti, U. Stein and M. Tsidulko, 1996: The relative roles of lateral boundaries, initial conditions and topography in mesoscale simulation of lee cyclogenesis. J. Appl. Meteor., 1091-1099.

Alpert, P., M. Tsidulko, S. Krichak and U. Stein, 1996: A multi-stage evolution of an ALPEX cyclone. Tellus, 48A, 209-220.

Alpert, P., and Issahary, D., 1997: Recent changes in the climate at the Dead Sea--a preliminary study. Climatic Change, Dordrecht, The Netherlands, 37(3), 513-537.

Alpert, P., Tsidulko, M., Itzigsohn, D., 1999: A shallow, short-lived meso-beta cyclone over the Gulf of Antalya, eastern Mediterranean. Tellus. Series A, Stockholm, Sweden, 51A(2), 249-262.

Anthes, R.A. and T.T. Warner, 1978: Development of hydrodynamic models suitable for air pollution and other mesometeorological studies. Mon. Wea. Rev., 106, 1045-1078.

Anthes, R.A. and T.T. Warner, 1978: Simulations of Mesoscale Flows over Israel. Israel Meteorological Research Papers Vol. II, Israel Met. Soc., Bet Dagan, 93-123.

Anthes, R.A., N.L. Seaman and T.T. Warner, 1980: Comparisons of numerical simulations of the planetary boundary layer by a mixed-layer and multi-level model. Mon. Wea. Rev., 108, 365-376.

Anthes, R. A., Y.-H. Kuo, S. G. Benjamin and Y.-F. Li, 1982: The evolution of the mesoscale environment of severe local storms: Preliminary modeling results. Mon. Wea. Rev., 110, 1187--1213.

Anthes, R. A., Y.-H. Kuo and J. R. Gyakum, 1983: Numerical simulation of a case of explosive marine cyclogenesis. Mon. Wea. Rev., 111, 1174--1188.

Anthes, R. A., Y.-H. Kuo, D. Baumhefner, R. M. Errico and T. W. Bettge, 1985: Predictability of mesoscale atmospheric motions. Advances in Geophysics, 28B, 159--202.

Anthes, R. A., Y.-H. Kuo, S. Low-Nam, E.-Y. Hsie and T. M. Bettge, 1989: Estimation of episodic and climatological skill and uncertainty in regional numerical models. Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 115, 763--806.


B

Ballentine, Robert J., Stamm, Alfred J., Chermack, Eugene E., Byrd, Gregory P., Schleede, Donald, 1998: Mesoscale model simulation of the 4-5 January 1995 lake-effect snowstorm. Weather and Forecasting, Boston, MA, 13(4), 893-920.

Bao, J.-W., J. M. Wilczak, J.-K. Chio, and L. H. Kantha, 2000: Numerical simulation of air-sea interaction under high wind conditions using a coupled model: A study of hurricane development. Mon. Wea. Rev., 128, 2190-2210.

Bao, J.-W., S. A. Michelson, and J. M. Wilczak, 2002: Sensitivity of numerical simulations to parameterizations of roughness for surface heat fluxes at high winds over the sea. Mon. Wea. Rev., 130, 1926-1932.

Barna, M., B. K. Lamb, S.M. O'Neill, H. Westberg, C.Figueroa-Kaminsky, S. Otterson, C. Bowman, and J. DeMay, 2000: Modeling ozone formation and transport in the Cascadia region of the Pacific Northwest, J. Appl. Meteorol., 39, 349-366.

Barna, M., and B. Lamb, 2000: Improving ozone modeling in regions of complex terrain using observational nudging in a prognostic meteorological model. Atmospheric Environment, Oxford, England, 34(28): 4889-4906.

Bates, G. T., 1990:A case study of the effects of topography on cyclone development in the weastern united states. Mon. Wea. Rev., 118, 1808-1825.

Bates, G.T., F. Giorgi and S.W. Hostetler, 1993: Towards the simulation of the effects of the Great Lakes on regional climate. Mon. Wea. Rev., 121, 1373--1387.

Bates, G.T., S.W. Hostetler and F. Giorgi, 1995: Two-year simulation of the Great Lakes region with a coupled modeling system. Mon. Wea. Rev., 1505-1522.

Berman, S., J.-Y. Ku, and R. S. Trivikrama, 1999: Spatial and temporal variation in the mixing depth over the northeastern United States during the summer of 1995. Journal of Applied Meteorology, 38(12), 1661-1673.

Bindlish, Rajat -- Barros, Ana P., 2000: Disaggregation of rainfall for one-way coupling of atmospheric and hydrological models in the regions of complex terrain. Global and Planetary Change, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, 25(1-2): 111-132.

Biswas, Jhumoor -- Rao, S. Trivikrama, 2001: Uncertainties in episodic ozone modeling stemming from uncertainties in the meteorological fields. Journal of Applied Meteorology, Boston, MA, 40(2): 117-136.

Bond, N. A., C. F. Mass, B. F. Smull, R. A. Houze, M.-J. Yang, B. A. Colle, S. A. Braun, M. A. Shapiro, B. R. Colman, P. J. Nieman, J. E. Overland, W. D. Neff, and J. D. Doyle, 1997: The Coastal Observation and Simulation with Topography (COAST) Experiment. Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc., 78, 1941-1955.

Brandt, J., Mikkelsen, T., Thykier-Nielsen, S., and Zlatev, Z., 1996: The Danish Rimpuff and Eulerian Accidental Release Model (The DREAM). Physics and Chemistry of the Earth, Vol. 21, No. 5-6, pp. 441-444, 1996.

Brandt, J., Bastrup-Birk, A., Christensen, J.H., Mikkelsen, T., Thykier-Nielsen, S., and Zlatev, Z., 1998: Testing the importance of accurate meteorological input fields and parameterizations in atmospheric transport modelling using DREAM - validation against ETEX-1. Atmospheric Environment, Oxford, England, 32(24): 4167-4186.

Braun, S. A., 2002: A cloud-resolving simulation of Hurricane Bob (1991): Storm structure and eyewall buoyancy. Mon. Wea. Rev., 130, 1573-1592.

Braun, S. A., and W.-K. Tao, 2000: Sensitivity of high-resolution simulations of Hurriacne Bob (1991) to planetary boundary layer parameterizations. Mon. Wea. Rev., 128, 3941-3961.

Braun, S. A. and R. A. Houze Jr., 1997: The evolution of the 10-11 June 1985 PRE-STORM squall line: Initiation, development of rear inflow, and dissipation. Mon. Wea. Rev., 125, 478-504.

Bright, D. R., and S. L. Mullen, 2002: The sensitivity of the numerical simulation of the southwest monsoon boundary layer to the choice of PBL turbulence parameterization in MM5. Wea. Forecasting, 17, 99-114.

Bromwich, D.H., J.J. Cassano, T. Klein, G. Heinemann, K.M. Hines, K. Konrad, and J. E. Box, 2001: Mesoscale modeling of katabatic winds over Greenland. Mon. Wea. Rev., 129, 2290-2309.

Bromwich, D.H., A.J. Monaghan, J.G. Powers, J.J. Cassano, H. Wei, Y. Kuo, and A. Pellegrini, 2003: Antarctic Mesoscale Prediction System (AMPS): A case study from the 2000/2001 field season. Mon. Wea. Rev., 131, 412-434.

Bromwich, D.H., A.J. Monaghan, and Z. Guo, 2003: Modeling the ENSO modulation of Antarctic climate in the late 1990s with Polar MM5. J. Climate, in press.

Bromwich, D.H., Z. Guo, L. Bai, and Q-S. Chen, 2003: Modeled Antarctic precipitation. Part I: spatial and temporal variability. J. Climate, submitted.

Brown, M.J., J.D. Locatelli, M.T. Stoelinga, and P.V. Hobbs: 1999: Numerical modeling of precipitation cores on cold fronts. J. Atmos. Sci., 56, 1175-1196.

Bresch, J. F., R. J. Reed and M. D. Albright, 1997: A polar low development over the Bering Sea: Analysis, Numerical Simulation, and Sensitivity Experiments. Mon. Wea. Rev., 125, 3109-3130.

Brill, K.F., L.W. Uccellini, R.P. Burkhart, T.T. Warner and R.A. Anthes, 1985: Numerical simulations of a transverse indirect circulation and low-level jet in the exit region of an upper level jet. J. Atmos. Sci., 42, 1306-1320.

Brost, R. A., P. L. Haagenson and Y.-H. Kuo, 1988: The effect of diffusion on tracer puffs simulated by a regional scale Eulerian model. J. Geophys. Res., 93(D3), 2389--2404.

Brost, R. A., P. L. Haagenson and Y.-H. Kuo, 1988: Eulerian simulation of tracer distribution during CAPTEX. J. Climate Appl. Meteor., 27, 579--593.

Bryan, G. H., and J. M. Fritsch, 2000: Moist Absolute Instability: The Sixth Static Stability State. Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc., 81, 1207-1230.

Bryan, G. H., and J. M. Fritsch, 2000: Diabatically driven discrete propagation of surface fronts: a numerical analysis. J. Atmos. Sci., 57, 2061-2079.

Byun, Daewon W. -- Pleim, Jonathan E. -- Tang, Ruen Tai -- Bourgeois, Al: 1999: Meteorology-Chemistry Interface Processor (MCIP) for Models-3 Community Multiscale Air Quality (CMAQ) modeling system. Byun, D. W. and Ching, J. K. S. (eds.), Science algorithms of the EPA Models-3 Community Multiscale Air Quality (CMAQ) modeling system., Washington, DC, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development.

Byun, D. W. -- Ching, J. K. S., 1999: Science algorithms of the EPA Models-3 Community Multiscale Air Quality (CMAQ) modeling system. Washington, DC, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development.


C

Carslaw, K. S., M. Wirth, A. Tsias, B. P. Luo, A. Dornbrack, M. Leutbecher, H. Volkert, W. Renger, J. T. Bacmeister and T. Peter, 1998: Particle Microphysics and Chemistry in Remotely Observed Mountain Polar Stratospheric Clouds. JGR, 103, 5785--5796.

Carslaw, K. S., M. Wirth, A. Tsias, B. P. Luo, A. Dornbrack, M. Leutbecher, H. Volkert, W. Renger, J. T. Bacmeister, E. Reimer and T. Peter, 1998: Increased stratospheric ozone depletion due to mountain-induced atmospheric waves. Nature, 391, 675--678.

Cassano, J. J., and T. R. Parish, 2000: An analysis of the nonhydrostatic dynamics in numerically simulated Antarctic katabatic winds. J. Atmos. Sci., 57, 891-898.

Cassano, J.J., T.R. Parish, and J.C. King, 2000: Evaluation of turbulent surface flux parameterizations for the stable surface layer over Halley, Antarctica. Mon. Wea. Rev., 129, 26--46.

Cassano, J.J., J.E. Box, D.H. Bromwich, L. Li, and K. Steffen, 2001: Evaluation of Polar MM5 simulations of Greenland's atmospheric circulation. J. Geophys. Res., Special Issue on the PARCA (Program for Arctic Regional Climate Assessment), 106, 33,867-33,890.

Chan, Johnny C. L. -- Duan, Yihong -- Shay, Lynn K, 2001: Tropical cyclone intensity change from a simple ocean-atmosphere coupled model. Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, Boston, MA, 58(2): 154-172.

Chandrasekar, A, Philbrick, C.R., Clark, R.D., Doddridge, B.G. and Georgopoulos, P.G., 2003, Evaluating the performance of a computationally efficient MM5/CALMET system for developing wind field inputs to air quality models, Atmospheric Environment, 37, 3267-3276.

Chandrasekar, A., Philbrick, C.R., Doddridge, B.G., Clark, R.D. and Georgopoulos P.G., 2004, A comparative study of prognostic MM5 meteorological modeling with aircraft, wind profiler, LIDAR, tethered balloon and RASS data over Philadelphia during a 1999 summer episode, Environmental Fluid Mechanics 4, 339-365.

Chang, Dyi-Huey -- Le, Jiang -- Islam, Shafiqul, 2000: Issues of soil moisture coupling in MM5: simulation of the diurnal cycle over the FIFE area. Journal of Hydrometeorology, Boston, MA, 1(6): 477-490.

Chatfield, R.B., John A. Vastano, H.B. Singh, and G. Sachse, A general model of how fire emissions and chemistry produce African / Oceanic plumes (O3, CO, PAN, Smoke) seen in TRACE-A, revised for JGR (Atmospheres), 1996.

Chatfield, R. B., Vastano, J. A., Li, L., Sachse, G. W., Connors, V. S., 1999: The Great African Plume from biomass burning: generalizations from a three-dimensional study of TRACE A carbon monoxide. Journal of Geophysical Research, 103(D21), 28059-28077.

Chen, C., C.H. Bishop, G.S. Lai, and W.-K. Tao: Numerical simulations of an observed narrow cold-frontal rainband. Mon. Wea. Rev. 125, 1027-1045.

Chen, C., W.-K. Tao, P.-L. Lin, G.S. Lai, S.-F. Tseng and T.-C. Chen Wang, 1998: The intensification of the low-level jet during the development of mesoscale convective systems on a Mei-Yu front. Mon. Wea. Rev., 349-371.

Chen, Chia-Rong -- Lamb, Peter J., 1997: Improved treatment of surface evapotranspiration in a mesoscale numerical model. Part I: Via the installation of the Penman-Monteith method. TAO, Taiwan, 8(4), 481-508.

Chen, Chia-Rong -- Lamb, Peter J., 2000: Improved treatment of surface evapotranspiration in a mesoscale numerical model. Part II: Via the assimilation of satellite measurements. TAO, Taiwan, Republic of China, 11(4): 789-832.

Chen, F., and J. Dudhia, 2001: Coupling an advanced land-surface/hydrology model with the Penn State/NCAR MM5 modeling system. Part I: Model implementation and sensitivity. Mon. Wea. Rev., 129, 569-585.

Chen, F., and J. Dudhia, 2001: Coupling an advanced land-surface/hydrology model with the Penn State/NCAR MM5 modeling system. Part II: Preliminary Model validation. Mon. Wea. Rev., 129, 587-604.

Chen, F., T. Warner and K. Manning, 2001: Sensitivity of orographic moist convection to landscape variability: A study of the Buffalo Creek, Colorado, flash flood case of 1996. J. Atmos. Sci., (in press).

Chen, S.S., and W.M. Frank, 1993: A numerical study of the genesis of extratropical mesovortices. Part I: Evolution and dynamics. J. Atmos. Sci., 50, 2401-2426.

Chen, S.-J., Y.-H. Kuo, W. Wang, Z.-Y. Tao, B. Cui, 1998: A modeling case study of heavy rainstorm along the Mei-Yu front. Mon. Wea. Rev., 126, 2230-2351.

Chen, S.-J. Lee, D.-K. Tao, Z.-Y. Kuo, Y.-H., 1999: Mesoscale convective system over the Yellow Sea--a numerical case study. Meteorology and Atmospheric Physics, 70(3-4): 185-199.

Chen, S.-J., W. Wang, K.-H. Lau, Q.-H. Zhang, and S.-Y. Chung, 2000: Mesoscale convective system along the Mei-Yu front in a numerical model. Meteorol. Atmos. Phys., 75, 149-160.

Chen, Y.-L., X.-A. Chen, S. Chen, and Y.-H. Kuo, 1997: A numerical study of the low-level jet during TAMEX IOP 5. Mon. Wea. Rev., 125, 2583-2604.

Chen, Y.-L., and J.-H. Feng, 2001: Numerical simulation of airflow and cloud distributions over the windward side of the Island of Hawaii. Part I: The effects of trade wind inversion. Mon. Wea. Rev., 129, 1117-1134.

Chen, Y.-S., and M. K. Yau, 2001: Spiral bands in a simulated hurricane. Part I: Vortex Rossby wave verification. J. Atmos. Sci., 58, 2128-2145.

Cheng, L., and Y.-H. Kuo, 1988: The diagnosis of vorticity sources for the origin and development of the SW vortex during Sichuan heavy rainfall July 11-15, 1981. Chinese Journal of Atmospheric Sciences, 12, 25-37.

Cheng, L. and Y.-H. Kuo, 1992: Mesoscale numerical simulation of the influence of PBL parameterization and moist process on development of a shear-line vortex. To be published in Chinese J. Atmos. Sci..

Cheng, Linsheng, and Liu, Chuntao, 1996: Mesoscale numerical experiments of developing mechanism for the ``93.5'' black storm and parameterization of sand-dust transport. Hydrometeorology and Ecology, Almaty, Kazakhstan, 4, 55-72.

Chien, F.-C., C. F. Mass, and Y.-H. Kuo, 1997: Interaction of a warm-season frontal system with the coastal mountains of the western United States. Part I: Prefrontal onshore push, coastal ridging, and alongshore southerlies. MWR, 125, 1705-1729.

Chien, F.-C., and C. F. Mass, 1997: Interaction of a warm-season frontal system with the coastal mountains of the western United States. Part II: Evolution of a Puget Sound convergence zone. Mon. Wea. Rev., 125, 1730-1752.

Chien, F.-C., C. F. Mass, and P. J. Neiman, 2001: An observational and numerical study of an intense landfalling cold front along the northwest coast of the United States during COAST IOP 2. Mon. Wea. Rev., 129, 934-955.

Clark, H. E., and R. P. James, 2002: Reexamination of the mechanisms responsible for banded precipitation. Mon. Wea. Rev., 130, 3074-3086.

Cho, Sen, Huang, Ching-Yuang, and Kuo, Ying-Hwa, 1996: MM5 numerical simulation of Dot typhoon. Atmospheric Sciences, Taiwan, Republic of China, 24(1), 123-144.

Chow, K. C., K. L. Chan, and A. K. H. Lau, 2002: Generation of moving spiral bands in tropical cyclones. J. Atmos. Sci., 59, 2930-2950.

Chock, D. P., and Y.-H. Kuo, 1990: Comparison of wind-field models using the CAPTEX data. J. Appl. Meteor., 29, 76-91.

Chu, P.C., S.H. Lu, and Y.C. Chen, 1999: A coastal atmosphere-ocean coupled system (CAOCS) evaluated using an airborne expandable bathythermograph survey in the South China Sea, May 1995. Journal of Oceanography, 55, 543-558.

Chuang, Hui-Ya, and P. J. Sousounis, 2000: A technique for generating idealized initial and boundary conditions for the PSU-NCAR Model MM5. Mon. Wea. Rev., 128, 2875-2882.

Civerolo, K. L. -- Sistla, G. -- Rao, S. T. -- Nowak, D. J., 2000: Atmospheric Environment, Oxford, England, 34(10): 1615-1621.

Cohen, C. and W.M. Frank, 1987: Simulation of tropical convective systems, Part II: Simulations of slowly moving cloud lines. J. Atmos. Sci., 44, 3800-3820.

Cohen, C. And W.M. Frank, 1989: A numerical study of lapse-rate adjustments in the tropical atmosphere. Mon. Wea. Rev., 117, 1889-1903.

Cohen, C., 2002: A comparsion of cumulus parameterizations in idealized sea-breeze simulations. Mon. Wea. Rev., 130, 2554-2571.

Colle and Mass, 1994: The Structure and Evolution of Cold Surges East of the Rocky Mountains, Mon. Wea. Rev., 123, 2577-2610.

Colle, B. A. and C. F. Mass, 1996: An observational and modeling study of the interaction of low-level southwesterly flow with the Olympic Mountains during COAST IOP 4. Mon. Wea. Rev., 124, 2152-2175.

Colle, B. A., and C. F. Mass, 1998: Windstorms along the western side of the Washington Cascade Mountains, part I: an observational and modeling study of the 12 February 1995 event. Mon. Wea. Rev. 126, 28-52.

Colle, B. A., and C. F. Mass, 1998: Windstorms along the western side of the Washington Cascade Mountains, part II: characteristics of past events and three-dimensional idealized simulations. Mon. Wea. Rev. 126, 53-71.

Colle, B. A., C. F. Mass, and B. F. Smull, 1999: An observational and numerical study of a cold front interacting with the Olympic Mountains during COAST IOP 5. Mon. Wea. Rev., 126, 1310-1334.

Colle, B. A. K. J. Westrick, and C. F. Mass, 1999: Evaluation of MM5 and Eta-10 precipitation forecasts over the Pacific Northwest during the cool season. Wea. Forecasting, 14, 137-154.

Colle, B. A., and C. F. Mass, 2000: The 5-9 February 1996 flooding event over the Pacific Northwest: sensitivity studies and evaluation of the MM5 precipitation forecasts. Mon. Wea. Rev, 128, 593-617.

Colle, B. A., and C. F. Mass, 2000: High resolution observations of easterly gap flow through the Strait of Juan de Fuca on 9-10 December 1995. Mon. Wea. Rev. 2398-2422.

Colle, B. A., C. F. Mass, and K. J. Westrick, 2000: MM5 precipitation verification over the Pacific northwest during the 1997-99 cool seasons. Weather and Forecasting, Boston, MA, 15(6): 730-744.

Colle, B. A., C. F. Mass, and D. Ovens, 2001: Evaluation of the timing and strength of MM5 and Eta surface trough passages over the Eastern Pacific. Weather and Forecasting, Boston, MA, 16(5): 553-572.

Colle, B. A., B. F. Smull, and Ming-Jen Yang, 2002: Numerical simulations of a landfalling cold front observed during COAST: Rapid evolution and responsible mechnisms. Mon. Wea. Rev. 1945-1966.

Coniglio, M. C., and D. J. Stensrud, 2001: Simulation of a progressive Derecho using composite initial conditions. Mon. Wea. Rev., 129, 1593-1616.

Cox, Robert, Bauer, Bruce L., and Smith, Thomas, 1998: A mesoscale model intercomparison. Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, 79(2): 265-283.

Cortinas, J.V., Jr., and D. J. Stensrud, 1995: The importance of understanding mesoscale model parameterization schemes for weather forecasting. Wea. and Forecasting, 10, 716-740.

Cui, Bo, Wang, Jianjie, Guo, Xiaorong, 1999: Real-time forecast experiments using MM5 in National Meteorological Center. Quarterly Journal of Applied Meteorology, Beijing, China, 10(2), 129-140.

Cui, Chunguang -- Fang, Chunhua -- Hu, Bowei -- Wang, Zhong, 2000: Numerical simulation of the topographic effects on torrential rain with south west China vortex. Meteorological Monthly, Beijing, China, 26(8): 14-18.


D

Dang, Guixia, Renqing -- Ge, Wenzhong, 1999: The use of radar data in the numerical simulation of heavy rainfalls in the Changjiang-Huaihe River basin. Journal of Tropical Meteorology, Guangzhou, China, 15(4): 356-362.

Davis, C. A., M. T. Stoelinga and Y.-H. Kuo, 1993: The integrated effect of condensation in numerical simulations of extratropical cyclogenesis. Mon. Wea. Rev., vol. 121, 2309-2330.

Davis, C. A., 1995: Observations and modeling of a mesoscale cold surge during WISPIT, Mon. Wea. Rev. 123(6): 1762-1780.

Davis, C. A., E. D. Grell and M. A. Shapiro, 1996: The balanced nature of a rapidly intensifying oceanic cyclone. Mon. Wea. Rev. 124, 3-25.

Davis, C. A., T. Warner, J. Bowers and E. Astling, 1999: Development and application of an operational, relocatable mesogamma-scale weather analysis and forecast system. Tellus, 51A, 710-727.

Davis, C. A., S. Low-Nam and C. F. Mass, 2000: Dynamics of a Catalina eddy revealed by numerical simulation. Mon. Wea. Rev. 2885-2904.

Davis, C. A., and L. F. Bosart, 2001: Numerical simulations of the genesis of hurricane Diana (1984): Part I: Control simulation. Mon. Wea. Rev. 129, 1859-1881.

Davis, C. A., and S. B. Trier, 2002: Cloud-resolving simulations of mesoscale vortex intensification and its effect on a serial mesoscale convective system. Mon. Wea. Rev. 130, 2839-2858.

Deng, A, N.L. Seaman and J.S. Kain, 2000: A shallow-convection parameterization for mesoscale models Part I: Sub-model description and preliminary applications. Submitted to J. Atmos. Sci..

Deng, Xuejiao, Li, Xingsheng, and Xu, Xiaojin, 1994: A study of 1.5-order closure turbulence model. Acta Meteorologica Sinica, Beijing, China, 8(3): 305-315.

Diallo, N.T. and W.M. Frank, 1986: Effects of enhanced initial moisture fields on simulated rainfall over West Africa and the East Atlantic. Mon. Wea. Rev., 114, 1811-1821.

Dickinson R. E., R. M. Errico, F. Giorgi, and G. T. Bates, 1989:A regional climate model for the western united states. Clim. Change, 15, 383-422.

Dong, Haiping -- Wei, Shaoyuan -- Pan, Xiaobin -- He, Homgrang, 1999: Numerical study of a meso-<> scale rainstorm event. Acta Meteorologica Sinica, Beijing, China, 13(1): 64-72.

Dornbrack, Andreas, Martin Leutbecher, Hans Volkert and Martin Wirth, 1998: Mesoscale forecasts of stratospheric mountain waves. Meteorol. Appl., 5, 117-126.

Dornbrack, Andreas, Martin Leutbecher, Rigel Kivi, and Esko Kyro, 1999: Mountain-wave-induced record low stratospheric temperatures above northern Scandinavia. Tellus, 51A, 951--963.

Dornbrack, Andreas, Martin Leutbecher, Jens Reichardt, Andreas Behrendt, Klaus-Peter Muller and Gerd Baumgarten, 2001: Relevance of mountain wave cooling for the formation of polar stratospheric clouds over Scandinavia: Mesoscale dynamics and observations for January 1997. Journal of Geophysical Research, Washington, DC, 106(D2): 1569-1581.

Douglas, S.G. and T.T. Warner, 1987: Incorporation of VAS satellite data in the initialization of a mesoscale model: An oceanic-cyclogenesis simulation. Mon. Wea. Rev., 115, 2996-3012.

Doyle, J.D. and T.T. Warner, 1990: Mesoscale coastal processes during GALE IOP 2. Mon. Wea. Rev., 118, 283-308.

Doyle, J.D. and T.T. Warner, 1993: The impact of the sea surface temperature resolution on mesoscale coastal processes during GALE IOP 2. Mon. Wea. Rev., 121, 313-334.

Doyle, J.D. and T.T. Warner, 1993: A three-dimensional numerical investigation of a Carolina coastal low-level jet during GALE IOP 2. Mon. Wea. Rev., 121, 1030-1047.

Doyle, J.D. and T.T. Warner, 1993: A numerical investigation of coastal frontogenesis and mesoscale cyclogenesis during GALE IOP 2. Mon. Wea. Rev., 121, 1048-1077.

Doyle, J.D. and T.T. Warner, 1993: Nonhydrostatic simulations of coastal mesobeta-scale vortices and frontogenesis. Mon. Wea. Rev., 121, 3371-3392.

Doyle, J. D., D. R. Durran, C. Chen, B. A. Colle, M. Georgelin, V. Grubisic, W. R. Hsu, C. Y. Huang, D. Landau, Y. L. Lin, G. S. Poulos, W. Y. Sun, D. B. Weber, M. G. Wurtele, and M. Xue, 2000: An intercomparison of model predicted wave breaking for the 11 January 1972 Boulder windstorm. Mon. Wea. Rev., 128, 901-914.

Du, Jun, Mullen, Steven L., and Sanders, Frederick, 1997: Short-range ensemble forecasting of quantitative precipitation. Monthly Weather Review, Boston, MA, 125(10), 2427-245.

Dudhia, J., 1989: Numerical study of convection observed during the winter monsoon experiment using a mesoscale two-dimensional model. J. Atmos. Sci., 46, 3077-3107.

Dudhia, J., 1993: A nonhydrostatic version of the Penn State/NCAR mesoscale model: Validation tests and simulation of an Atlantic cyclone and clod front. Mon. Wea. Rev., 121, 1493-1513.

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Zhang, D.-L., and H.-R. Cho, 1995: Three-dimensional simulation of frontal rainbands and conditional symmetric instability in the Eady-wave model. Tellus, 47A, 45-61.

Zhang, D.-L., and R. Harvey, 1995: Enhancement of extratropical cyclogenesis by a mesoscale convective system. Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, 52, 1107-1127.

Zhang, D.-L. and N. Bao, 1996: Oceanic cyclogenesis as induced by a mesoscale convective system moving offshore. Part I: A 90-h real-data simulation. Monthly Weather Review, 124, 1449-1469.

Zhang, D.-L. and N. Bao, 1996: Oceanic cyclogenesis as induced by a mesoscale convective system moving offshore. Part II: Genesis and thermodynamic transformation. Monthly Weather Review, 124, 2206-2225.

Zhang, D.-L., 1998: The effects of diabatic physical processes on the simulations of mesoscale convective systems. Chinese Journal of Atmospheric Sciences, 22, 435-451.

Zhang, D.-L., Y. Liu and M.K. Yau, 1999: Surface winds at landfall of Hurricane Andrew (1992) - A reply. Monthly Weather Review, 127, 1711-1721.

Zhang, D.-L., E. N. Radeva and J. Gyakum, 1999: A family of frontal cyclones over the Western Atlantic ocean. Part I: A 60-h simulation. Monthly Weather Review, 127, 1725-1744.

Zhang, D.-L., E. N. Radeva and J. Gyakum, 1999: A family of frontal cyclones over the Western Atlantic ocean. Part II: Parameter studies. Monthly Weather Review, 127, 1745-1760.

Zhang, D.-L., and E. Altshuler, 1999: The effects of dissipative heating on hurricane intensity. Mon. Wea. Rev., 127, 3032-3038.

Zhang, D.-L., Y. Liu and M.K. Yau, 2000: A multiscale numerical study of Hurricane Andrew (1992). Part III: Dynamically-induced vertical motion. Monthly Weather Review, 128, 3772--3788.

Zhang, D.-L., Y. Liu and M.K. Yau, 2001: A multiscale numerical study of Hurricane Andrew (1992). Part IV: Unbalanced dynamics. Monthly Weather Review, 129, 92--107.

Zhang, D.-L., Y. Liu and M.K. Yau, 2002: A multiscale numerical study of Hurricane Andrew (1992). Part V: Inner-core thermodynamics. Monthly Weather Review, 130, 2745--2763.

Zhang, D.-L., W.Y.Y. Cheng, and J.R. Gyakum, 2002: The impact of various potential vorticity anomalies on multiple frontal cyclogenesis events. Q. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., Vol 128, 1847-1878.

Zhang, F., Q. Jiang and R. Dang, 1996: Numerical simulation of a landing typhoon and its unusually heavy rain. Journal of Tropical Meteorology, 12(3), 156-161.

Zhang, Fuqing, and S. E. Koch, 2000: Numerical simulations of a gravity wave event over CCOPE. Part II: Waves generated by an orographic density current. Mon. Wea. Rev. 128, 2777-2796.

Zhang, F., S. E. Koch, C. A. Davis, and M. L. Kaplan, 2000: A survey of unbalanced flow diagnostics and their application. Advances in Atmospheric Sciences, 17, 165-183.

Zhang, F., S. E. Koch, C. A. Davis, and M. L. Kaplan, 2001: Wavelet analysis and the governing dynamics of a large-amplitude gravity wave event along the East Coast of the United States. Quarterly Journal of Royal Meteorological Society, 127, in press.

Zhang, F., C. Snyder, and R. Rotunno, 2002: Mesoscale predictability of the 'surprise' snowstorm of 24-25 January 2000. Mon. Wea. Rev., 130, 1617-1632.

Zhang, F., and S. E. Koch, 2001: Numerical Simulations of a large-amplitude gravity wave event along the East Coast of the United States. Meteorology and Atmospheric Physics, in review.

Zhang, Jing, Wei, Tongjian, and Zhang, Xiangdong, 1995: Moist potential vorticity diagnosis of a Meiyu frontal heavy rain process simulation during summer, 1991. Acta Meteorologica Sinica, Beijing, China, 9(4): 468-479.

Zhang, Lixiang -- Zhou, Xiaoshan -- Li, Yongzuo -- Wang, Jinggui, 2000: Case study on tropical cyclone track prediction with MM5. Journal of Nanjing Institute of Meteorology, Nanjing, China, 23(1): 73-80.

Zhang, Shuxia, and Foufoula-Georgiou, Efi, 1997: Subgrid-scale rainfall variability and its effects on atmospheric and surface variable predictions. Journal of Geophysical Research, 102(D16), 19559-19573.

Zhao, Wenjie -- Smith, James A. -- Bradley, A. Allen, 1997: Numerical simulation of a heavy rainfall event during the PRE-STORM experiment. Water Resources Research, Washington, DC, 33(4): 783-799.

Zheng, Y., Q. Xu, and D.J. Stensrud, 1994: A numerical study of the 7 May 1985 mesoscale convective system. Mon. Wea. Rev., 123, 1781-1799.

Zhu, T., Da-Lin Zhang, and Fuzhong Weng, 2002: Impact of the advanced microwave sounding unit measurements on hurricane prediction. Mon. Wea. Rev., 130, 2416-2436.

Zou, X., Y.-H. Kuo, and Y.-R. Guo, 1995: Assimilation of atmospheric Radio Refractivity Using a Nonhydrostatic Adjoint Model, Mon. Wea. Rev., 123, 2229-2249.

Zou, X. 1997: Tangent linear and adjoint of ``on-off'' processes and their feasibility for use in four-dimensional variational data assimiolation. Tellus, Series A-B, Stockholm, Sweden, 49A(1): 3-31.

Zou, X., and Y.-H. Kuo, 1996: Rainfall assimilation through an optimal control of initial and boundary conditions in a limited-area mesoscale mode. Mon. Wea. Rev., 2859-2882.

Zou, X., Y.-H. Kuo, and S. Lownam, 1998: Medium-range prediction of an extratropical oceanic cyclone: impact of initial state. Mon. Wea. Rev., 2737-2763.

Zou, X., and Q. Xiao, 2000: Studies on the initialization and simulation of a mature hurricane using a variational bogus data assimilation scheme. J. Atmos. Sci., 57, 836-860.

Zou, X., Q. Xiao, Alan E. Lipton, and George D. Modica, 2001: A numerical study of the effect of GOES sounder cloud-cleared brightness temperatures on the prediction of hurricane Felix. J. Appl. Meteor., 34-55.

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