MM5 Modeling System Overview

MM5 Model Physics Options

Precipitation physics
- Cumulus parameterization schemes:
  - Anthes-Kuo
  - Grell
  - Kain-Fritsch
  - New Kain-Fritsch (including shallow convection physics)
  - Betts-Miller
  - Arakawa-Schubert
- Resolvable-scale microphysics schemes:
  - Removal of supersaturation
  - Hsie's warm rain scheme
  - Dudhia's simple ice scheme
  - Reisner's mixed-phase scheme
  - Reisner's mixed-phase scheme with graupel
  - NASA/Goddard microphysics with hail/graupel
  - Schultz mixed-phase scheme with graupel
Planetary boundary layer process parameterization
- Bulk formula
- Blackadar scheme
- Burk-Thompson (Mellor-Yamada 1.5-order/level-2.5 scheme)
- Eta TKE scheme (Janjic, 1990, 1994)
- MRF scheme (Hong and Pan 1996)
- Gayno-Seaman scheme (Gayno 1994)
Surface layer precess parameterization
- fluxes of momentum, sensible and latent heat
- ground temperature prediction using energy balance equation
- variable land use catagories (defaults are 13, 16 and 24)
- 5-layer soil model
- OSU land-surface model (V3.1 - V3.5)
- Noah land-surface model (since V3.6)
- Pleim-Xiu land-surface model (V3 only)
Atmospheric radiation schemes
- Simple cooling
- Dudhia's long- and short-wave radiation scheme
- NCAR/CCM2 radiation scheme
- RRTM long-wave radiation scheme (Mlawer et al., 1997) (V3 only)