Namelist Variables¶
The following are descriptions of namelist.input settings.
Important
Not all namelist parameters are domain-depending (requiring an entry for each domain). Providing a setting for each domain for non-domain-dependent variables will cause a runtime error. In the below tables, note whether variables are “single entry” or “max_dom” entries, where “max_dom” indicates a value is expected for each domain.
See the following resources for additional details and recommendations:
WRF/Registry/ files
WRF/run/README.namelist (or WRF/test/em_real/README.namelist)
WRF/test/em_real/examples.namelist
&time_control¶
To use the options in this section, they must be set in the &time_control namelist record.
Namelist Parameter |
Default Setting |
Description |
Set for 1 or Multiple Domains (max_dom) |
|---|---|---|---|
run_days |
0 |
Simulation length in days, hours, minutes, and seconds; Use any combination of run_* settings to obtain the desired simulation length. run_* parameters take precedence over start_* and end_* times during wrf.exe; real.exe does not use run_* settings |
Single entry |
In the following section:
start_* times name the first wrfout file and control the start time for restarts.
start_* and end_* times control the start and end time for all domains.
start_* and end_* times are used by real.exe.
Namelist Parameter |
Default Setting |
Description |
Set for 1 or Multiple Domains (max_dom) |
|---|---|---|---|
start_year |
2019 |
4 digit year of starting time |
max_dom |
start_month |
9 |
2 digit month of starting time |
max_dom |
start_day |
4 |
2 digit day of starting time |
max_dom |
start_hour |
12 |
2 digit hour of starting time |
max_dom |
start_minute |
0 |
2 digit minute of starting time |
max_dom |
start_second |
0 |
2 digit second of starting time |
max_dom |
end_year |
2019 |
4 digit year of starting time |
max_dom |
end_month |
9 |
2 digit month of starting time |
max_dom |
end_day |
6 |
2 digit day of starting time |
max_dom |
end_hour |
0 |
2 digit hour of starting time |
max_dom |
end_minute |
0 |
2 digit minute of starting time |
max_dom |
end_second |
0 |
2 digit second of starting time |
max_dom |
Namelist Parameter |
Default Setting |
Description |
Set for 1 or Multiple Domains (max_dom) |
|
|---|---|---|---|---|
interval_seconds |
10800 |
time interval between input data from WPS, which will be the interval (secs) between times in the lateral boundary condition file (wrfbdy_d01); em_real only |
single entry |
|
input_from_file |
.true. |
whether WPS input files (met_em.d0*) are used for nest domains |
max_dom |
|
fine_input_stream |
0 |
option to select fields to use from nest input for initialization; |
max_dom |
|
history_interval |
60 |
Frequency (in simulation minutes) that data are written/recorded to history output file(s) (wrfout_d0*); alternatively, use history_interval_d, history_interval_h, history_interval_m, history_interval_s to set the frequency in days, hours, mins, secs, respectfully |
max_dom |
|
history_begin |
0 |
indicates the number of minutes, from the beginning of the simulation run, after which the history output file (wrfout.d0*) is generated; alternatively, use history_begin_d, history_begin_h, history_begin_m, history_begin_s to set the frequency in days, hours, mins, secs, respectfully |
max_dom |
|
frames_per_outfile |
1 |
the number of history output times bulked into each history file (wrfout.d0*); used to split output files into smaller pieces |
max_dom |
|
restart |
.false. |
whether this run is a restart simulation |
single entry |
|
restart_interval |
1440 |
the interval (in mins) at which restart output files are written |
single entry |
|
override_restart_timers |
.false. |
restart=.true. |
=.false. : uses all output intervals (including history) given by the wrfrst file; |
single entry |
write_hist_at_0h_rst |
.false. |
=.false. = no history file will be written at the restart initial time (prevents overwriting the initial run’s history file for this time); |
single entry |
|
output_ready_flag |
.true. |
tells the model to write out an empty file with the name wrfoutReady_d<domain>; useful for production runs in which post-processing code can use this file to check whether the run completed |
single entry |
|
force_use_old_data |
.false. |
=.false. = model stops when it detects input data prior to version 4; |
single entry |
|
reset_simulation_start |
.false. |
whether to overwrite the simulation start date with the forecast start time |
single entry |
|
auxinput1_inname |
met_em.d<domain>.<date> |
name of the WPS input file used during real.exe; only necessary if not using default file names |
single entry |
|
auxinput4_inname |
wrflowinp_d<domain> |
name of the the lower boundary file created by real.exe |
single entry |
|
auxinput4_interval |
360 |
interval in mins for the lower boundary file (wrflowinp_d0*) |
max_dom |
|
io_form_auxinput4 |
2 |
I/O format for wrflowinp files (2 = netCDF format) |
single entry |
|
io_form_history |
2 |
I/O format of history output file(s) (wrfout); |
single entry |
|
io_form_restart |
2 |
I/O format of restart output files (wrfrst); |
single entry |
|
io_form_input |
2 |
I/O format of WPS input files (met_em); |
single entry |
|
io_form_boundary |
2 |
I/O format of the wrfbdy file; |
single entry |
|
ncd_nofill |
.true. |
when .true. only processes a single “write” as opposed to “write/read/write” sequence; could potentially improve I/O speed |
single entry |
|
io_form_auxinput2 |
2 |
IO format for input stream 2 data; |
single entry |
|
diag_print |
0 |
option to print out time series of model diagnostics; |
single entry |
|
debug_level |
0 |
a larger value (50, 200, etc.) increases debugging print-outs when running; |
single entry |
|
auxhistX_outname |
auxhistX_d<domain>_<date> |
when using an option to output additional fields to a file other than wrfout, this is the name of the file that will contain the extra fields; X denotes the stream used (e.g., auxhist9_outname=”auxhist9_d<domain>_<date> for stream 9). Don’t modify the d<domain>_<date> syntax. If necessary, only modify the prefix (e.g., “rainfall_d<domain>_<date>”) |
single entry |
|
auxhistX_interval |
10 |
when using an option to output additional fields to a file other than wrfout, this is the output interval (in mins); X denotes the stream used (e.g., auxhist9_interval for stream 9) |
max_dom |
|
io_form_auxhistX |
2 |
when using an option to output additional fields to a file other than wrfout, this is the output file format; X denotes the stream used (e.g., io_form_auxhist9 for stream 9).; |
single entry |
|
frames_per_auxhistX |
1000 |
when using an option to output additional fields to a file other than wrfout, this is the number of history output times included in each auxhistX output file; X denotes the stream used (e.g., frames_per_auxhist9 for stream 9) |
max_dom |
|
auxinput11_interval |
10 |
interval (mins) for observational nudging input; set to the same (or greater) frequency as obs_ionf (with the coarse domain time step) |
max_dom |
|
auxinput11_end_h |
6 |
end of the observation time (in hrs) when using observational nudging |
max_dom |
|
nocolons |
.false. |
set to .true. to replace colons with underscores in output file names |
single entry |
|
all_ic_times |
.false. |
set to .true. to instruct real.exe to output a wrfinput file for each time period |
single entry |
|
adjust_output_times |
.false. |
set to .true. to adjust output times to the nearest hour |
single entry |
|
output_diagnostics |
0 |
set to =1 to add 48 sfc diagnostic arrays (max/min/mean/std) in the specified time interval; details |
single entry |
|
nwp_diagnostics |
0 |
set to =1 to add diagnostic fields (10m wind sp, 2-5 km max helicity, max vert. velocity in updraft and downdraft below 400mb, 2-5 km mean vert. velocity, max column graupel to history output (wrfout); details |
single entry |
3DVAR Applications¶
The following &time_control record options are specific to the 3DVAR application.
Namelist Parameter |
Default Setting |
Description |
Set for 1 or Multiple Domains (max_dom) |
|---|---|---|---|
write_input |
.false. |
set to .true. to write input-formatted data as output for the 3DVAR application |
single entry |
inputout_interval |
0 |
interval (in mins) when using the write_input option |
max_dom |
input_outname |
wrf_3dvar_input_d<domain>_<date> |
output file name from 3DVAR |
single entry |
inputout_begin_y |
0 |
beginning year, day, hour, minute, and second (respectively) to write 3DVAR data |
max_dom |
inputout_end_y |
0 |
ending year, day, hour, minute, and second (respectively) to write 3DVAR data |
max_dom |
Vortex-following with High-resolution Terrain/Landuse Applications¶
The following &time_control record options are specific to the automatic moving nest application, compiled for use with high-resolution terrain and landuse.
Namelist Parameter |
Default Setting |
Description |
Set for 1 or Multiple Domains (max_dom) |
|---|---|---|---|
input_from_hires |
.false. |
set to .true. to use high-resolution terrain and landuse in the nests; |
max_dom |
rsmas_data_path |
path-to-high-res-data-directory |
path of the directory where the high-res data is stored |
single entry |
Run-time I/O Application¶
The following &time_control record options are specific to the runtime I/O option.
Namelist Parameter |
Default Setting |
Description |
Set for 1 or Multiple Domains (max_dom) |
|---|---|---|---|
iofields_filename |
my_iofields_list.txt |
when this is set, WRF reads this file, which lists variables to add or remove to/from output; user must create this text file (e.g., my_iofields_list.txt) in which variables to add/remove are declared - see above link for details |
max_dom |
ignore_iofields_warning |
.true. |
if the file listed for iofields_filename contains an error, WRF continues without stopping; set to .false. to abort the model if an error is encountered |
single entry |
&domains¶
To use the options in this section, they must be set in the &domains namelist record.
Namelist Parameter |
Default Setting |
Description |
Set for 1 or Multiple Domains (max_dom) |
|---|---|---|---|
time_step |
time step (in seconds) for model integration |
single entry |
|
time_step_fract_num |
0 |
fractional time step numerator |
single entry |
time_step_fract_den |
1 |
fractional time step denominator; (e.g., for a 60.3 sec time step, set time_step=60; time_step_fract_num=3; and time_step_fract_den=10) |
single entry |
time_step_dfi |
DFI time step (it’s ok to se to a value different than time_step) |
single entry |
|
max_dom |
1 |
the number of domains to simulate |
single entry |
s_we |
1 |
start index in x (east-west), y (south- north), and z (vertical) directions, respectively. DO NOT change these values |
max_dom |
e_we |
32 |
end index in x (east-west), and y (south- north) direction, respectively; staggered dimension |
max_dom |
e_vert** |
31 |
end index in z (vertical) direction; staggered dimension for full levels (most variables are on unstaggered levels); use the same value for all domains |
max_dom |
dx |
200 |
grid length/resolution (in meters) in the x and y directions |
single entry |
ztop |
15000 |
height (in meters) used to define the model top for idealized cases |
max_dom |
grid_id |
1 |
domain identifier |
max_dom |
parent_id |
1 |
domain ID of the domain’s parent; e.g., for 3 concentric domainsi, set to =1,1,2 |
max_dom |
i_parent_start |
1 |
the i-indice and j-indice where the lower left corner of the nest sits inside its parent domain |
max_dom |
parent_grid_ratio |
1 |
parent-to-nest grid size (resoluton) ratio; recommend odd ratios (3:1 or 5:1); can be even if feedback=0 |
max_dom |
parent_time_step_ratio |
1 |
parent-to-nest time step ratio; typically set to the same value as parent_grid_ratio, but it doesn’t have to be |
max_dom |
feedback |
1 |
feeds back data at corresponding points from the nest to its parent; set to =0 to turn off |
single entry |
smooth_option |
2 |
parent domain smoothing option using feedback; |
single entry |
hypsometric_opt |
2 |
when set to =2, real.exe computes height and wrf.exe computes pressure using the hypsometric equation (less biased when compared against input data); set to =1 to use a hydrostatic equation that depends on air density |
single entry |
max_ts_locs |
5 |
maximum number of time series locations when using the time series option (tslist) |
single entry |
max_ts_level |
15 |
the profile output’s highest model level when using the time series option (tslist) |
single entry |
wif_input_opt |
0 |
option to process additional data specific to aerosol-aware Thompson microphysics |
single entry |
num_wif_levels |
30 |
number of levels in the Thompson Water Ice Friendly Aerosols |
single entry |
The following &domains record options are specific to running real.exe:
Namelist Parameter |
Default Setting |
Description |
Set for 1 or Multiple Domains (max_dom) |
|---|---|---|---|
num_metgrid_levels |
27 |
number of vertical levels in met_em files; to check, use command |
single entry |
num_metgrid_soil_levels |
4 |
number of soil levels/layers in met_em files; use command |
single entry |
eta_levels |
(for e.g.) 1.0, 0.99, …, 0.0 |
model eta levels from 1 to 0. If not specified real.exe provides a reasonable set of numbers |
single entry |
auto_levels_opt |
2 |
determines how vertical levels are calculated; |
single entry |
max_dz |
1000 |
the maximum thickness (in meters) a layer can be stretched |
single entry |
dzbot |
50 |
the thickness (in meters) of the lowest layer |
single entry |
dzstretch_s |
1.3 |
the surface stretch factor (see details) |
single entry |
dzstretch_u |
1.1 |
the upper stretch factor (see details) |
single entry |
ideal_init_method |
1 |
option to compute albedo for idealized cases (coded in WRF/dyn_em/start_em.F); |
single entry |
interp_method_type |
2 |
coarse-to-fine grid horizontal interpolation method; all options (except 2) use the same horizontal scheme for fine-grid lateral boundary computations; |
single entry |
kkw - come back to this mess of a section - start with maxw_above_this_level, but maybe recheck above that too
Vertical Interpolation¶
The following &domains record options are specific to vertical interpolation.
Namelist Parameter |
Default Setting |
Description |
Set for 1 or Multiple Domains (max_dom) |
|---|---|---|---|
force_sfc_in_vinterp |
1 |
when set to \(\geq\) 1, this is the number of eta levels that will set from the lower boundary to the sfc level; set to =0 to turn off and use traditional trapping interpolation |
single entry |
use_maxw_level |
0 |
when set to =1, at the level of max wind speed, U, V, T, and GHT values are obtained from met_em files during vertical interpolation |
single entry |
maxw_horiz_pres_diff |
5000 |
this value defines the maximum allowable pressure difference (in Pa) between adjacent values - when exceeded, the level of max wind speed is excluded during real.exe vertical interpolation |
single entry |
trop_horiz_press_diff |
5000 |
this value defines the maximum allowable pressure difference (in Pa) between adjacent values - when exceeded, the tropopause level is excluded during real.exe vertical interpolation |
single entry |
kkw - come back to this mess of a section |
single entry |
||
maxw_above_this_level |
30000 |
minimum pressure level (Pa) to allow using the level of max wind information in real; e.g., if setting this to 3000 (i.e., 300 hPa), a max wind value at 500 hPa is ignored; real-data simulations only |
single entry |
use_trop_level |
0 |
set to =1 for the same as above, but with tropopause level data |
single entry |
interp_theta |
.false. |
which temperature variable to vertically interpolate; |
single entry |
p_top_requested |
5000 |
pressure top (in Pa) to use in the model; this level must be available in WPS data |
single entry |
interp_type |
2 |
type of vertical interpolation; |
single entry |
extrap_type |
2 |
type of vertical extrapolation for non- temperature variables; |
single entry |
t_extrap_type |
2 |
type of vertical extrapolation for potential temperature; |
single entry |
use_levels_below_ground |
.true. |
whether to use levels below input sfc level for vertical interpolation; |
single entry |
use_surface |
.true. |
use input sfc level data in vertical interpolation |
single entry |
lagrange_order |
2 |
type of vertical interpolation order; |
single entry |
zap_close_levels |
500 |
ignore isobaric levels above sfc if delta p (Pa) < “zap_close_levels” |
single entry |
lowest_lev_from_sfc |
.false. |
how to interpolate eta levels; |
single entry |
sfcp_to_sfcp |
.false. |
set to =.true. to compute model’s sfc pressure when incoming data only has sfc pressure and terrain, but not sea-level pressure |
single entry |
use_tavg_for_tsk |
.false. |
uses diurnally-averaged sfc temp (can be computed using WPS utility “avg_tsfc.exe”) as skin temp; can use when SKINTEMP is not present |
single entry |
rh2qv_wrt_liquid |
.true. |
computes qv with respect to liquid water; set to .false. to compute with respect to ice |
single entry |
rh2qv_method |
1 |
method for computing mixing ratio from relative humidity (RH); |
single entry |
use_sh_qv |
.false. |
set to =.true. to use specific humidity and mixing ratio data from input - recommended if input data has high vertical resolution |
single entry |
smooth_cg_topo |
.false. |
set to =.true. to smooth the outer rows and columns of the domain 1 topography with respect to the input data |
single entry |
vert_refine_fact |
1 |
vertical refinement factor for ndown; not used for concurrent vertical grid refinement; |
single entry |
vert_refine_method |
0 |
vertical refinement method; |
max_dom |
Specified Moving Nest Application¶
The following &domains record options are specific to the “preset” or specified moving nest, and can be used when WRF is configured/compiled with nesting option 2=preset-moves.
kkw - come back to this mess of a section - need some clarification
Namelist Parameter |
Default Setting |
Description |
Set for 1 or Multiple Domains (max_dom) |
|---|---|---|---|
num_moves |
0 |
choose the total number of moves necessary for the simulation; each domain uses the same number of moves |
single entry |
move_id |
(for example) |
declares the order for nests to move; this is a list of the nest domain IDs |
max moves |
move_interval |
(for example) |
determines each domain’s move interval since the nest simulation began |
max moves |
move_cd_x |
(for example) |
the number of parent domain grid cells to move in the i and j directions (respectfully) |
max moves |
Vortex-following Application¶
The following &domains record options are specific to the Automatic Moving Nest (Vortex-following) option. To use these options, the model must be compiled with nesting option 3=vortex-following.
Namelist Parameter |
Default Setting |
Description |
Set for 1 or Multiple Domains (max_dom) |
|---|---|---|---|
vortex_interval |
15 |
how often (in mins) the new vortex position is computed |
max_dom |
max_vortex_speed |
40 |
used to compute the search radius for the new vortex position (in m/s) |
max_dom |
corral_dist |
8 |
how close (in number of grid cells) the moving nest is allowed to get to the coarse grid boundary before the coarse grid moves |
max_dom |
track_level |
50000 |
pressure level value (in Pa) at which the tropical storm vortex is tracked |
single entry |
time_to_move |
0 |
time (in mins from simulation start time) to start moving the nest |
max_dom |
Adaptive Time Step¶
The following &domains record options are specific to the Adaptive Time Step option.
Note
When use_adaptive_time_step=.true., the time_step setting in namelist.input is ignored and the following namelist options determine the time step.
Namelist Parameter |
Default Setting |
Description |
Set for 1 or Multiple Domains (max_dom) |
|---|---|---|---|
use_adaptive_time_step |
.false. |
set to =.true. to turn on adaptive time step |
single entry |
The following options can be applied when use_adaptive_time_step=.true. :
step_to_output_time |
.true. |
as time_step adjusts, there may be times when the time step and history write times do not line up; when this is =.true., time is adjusted to ensure they line up |
single entry |
target_cfl |
1.2 |
when vertical CFL \(\leq\) to this value, there’s no need to reduce the time step, and time step is increased |
max_dom |
target_hcfl |
0.84 |
when horizontal CFL \(\leq\) to this value, there’s no need to reduce the time step, and time step is increased |
max_dom |
max_step_increase_pct |
5 |
when time step is increased, this is the percent increase of the previous time step; use larger values for nests (e.g. = 5, 51, 51) |
max_dom |
adaptation_domain |
1 |
specifies the domain used to drive adaptive time stepping |
single entry |
starting_time_step |
-1 |
any positive integer specifies the starting time step (in seconds); the default value (-1) sets the starting time step to \(4 \times DX\) |
max_dom |
starting_time_step_den |
0 |
when a fractional time step is required, this is the starting_time_step denominator |
max_dom |
max_time_step |
-1 |
any positive integer specifies the maximum time step (in seconds) that will be used; the default value (-1) sets the maximum time step to \(8 \times DX\) |
max_dom |
max_time_step_den |
0 |
when a fractional time step is required, this is the max_time_step denominator |
max_dom |
min_time_step |
-1 |
any positive integer specifies the minimum time step (in seconds) that will used; the default value (-1) sets the minimum time step to \(3 \times DX\) |
max_dom |
min_time_step_den |
0 |
when a fractional time step is required, this is the min_time_step denominator |
max_dom |
Parallel Computing¶
The following &domains record options are specific to controlling parallel computing. WRF must have been compiled with a non-serial option for these options to be applicable.
Namelist Parameter |
Default Setting |
Description |
Set for 1 or Multiple Domains (max_dom) |
|---|---|---|---|
tile_sz_x |
0 |
number of points in the x and y directions for OpenMP processing |
single entry |
numtiles |
1 |
number of tiles per patch (an alternative option to tile_sz_x and tile_sz_y) for OpenMP processing |
single entry |
nproc_x |
-1 |
number of processors in the x and y directions for decomposition when using MPI processing; default value of -1 = turned off - code will use automatic decomposition |
single entry |
3D Ocean Model¶
The following &domains record options are specific to using the 3D Ocean Model, and can be applied when sf_ocean_physics=1 or 2.
Namelist Parameter |
Default Setting |
Description |
Set for 1 or Multiple Domains (max_dom) |
|---|---|---|---|
ocean_levels |
30 |
number of ocean levels to use |
single entry |
ocean_z |
vertical profile of ocean layer depths (in meters); for e.g., if ocean_levels=30, then ocean_z should have 30 settings; see WRF/run/README.namelist for details |
max ocean_levels |
|
ocean_t |
vertical profile of ocean temps (in K); for e.g., if ocean_levels=30, then ocean_t should have 30 settings; see WRF/run/README.namelist for details |
max ocean_levels |
|
ocean_s |
vertical profile of ocean salinity; for e.g., if ocean_levels=30, then ocean_s should have 30 settings; see WRF/run/README.namelist for details |
max ocean_levels |
&physics¶
To use the options in this section, they must be set in the &physics namelist record.
Microphysics¶
See WRF Physics/Microphysics for details.
Namelist Parameter |
Default Setting |
Description |
Set for 1 or Multiple Domains (max_dom) |
|---|---|---|---|
mp_physics |
microphysics scheme; set all domains to the same value; |
max_dom |
|
do_radar_ref |
0 |
set to =1 to compute radar reflectivity using mp-scheme-specific parameters |
single input |
mp_zero_out |
0 |
set to =1 to keep moisture variables \(\geq\) 0; alternatively/recommended, use moist_adv_opt to maintain positive moisture variables;” |
single input |
mp_zero_out_thresh |
1.e-8 |
the moisture variable threshold - moisture arrays are set to zero if they fall below this threshold; unit: kg/kg |
single input |
mp_zero_out_all |
0 |
set to =1 to reproduce old behavior and to extend the mp_zero_out_thresh to scalar, chem, and tracer arrays, in addition to moist arrays |
single entry |
mp_tend_lim |
10 |
the limitation (in K/s) of the temperature tendency computed by microphysics latent heating |
single input |
ccn_conc |
1.00E+08 |
the CCN concentration used; when mp_physics=18 this is automatically set to the nssl_ccn value |
single input |
hail_opt |
0 |
WSM6/WDM6 hail/graupel switch; |
single input |
morr_rimed_ice |
1 |
Morrison hail/graupel switch; |
single input |
clean_atm_diag |
0 |
set to =1 to turn on clean sky diagnostics |
single input |
acc_phy_tend |
0 |
set to =1 to output 16 accumulated physics tendencies for potential temperature, water vapor mixing ratio, and u/v wind components |
max_dom |
progn |
0 |
set to =1 to use a mix-activate scheme (see WRF/phys/module_mixactivate.F) |
max_dom |
no_mp_heating |
0 |
set to =1 to turn off microphysics latent heating |
single entry |
use_mp_re |
1 |
option to use effective radii computed in the microphysics scheme |
single entry |
dust_emis |
0 |
set to =1 to use a surface dust emission scheme and add an ice-friendly aerosol variable (QNIFA) - see WRF/phys/module_dust_emis.F |
single entry |
erosion_dim |
3 |
set to =3 to include erodibility details; note that option 3 is the only available option |
single entry |
write_thompson_mp38table |
.false. |
set to =.true. to have the qr_acr_qg_mp38V1.dat file computed instead of using an existing version |
single entry |
gsfcgce_hail |
0 |
Goddard graupel/hail switch; |
single input |
gsfcgce_2ice |
0 |
determines which frozen water particles are calculated by the Goddard microphysics scheme; |
single input |
nssl_cccn |
0.5e9 |
the NSSL global base CCN concentration (#/m^3 at sea level pressure) |
single entry |
nssl_ccn_on |
-1 |
set to =1 to use NSSL CCN |
single entry |
NSSL 1-moment scheme¶
The following &physics record settings are for the NSSL 1-moment microphysics scheme. Shape parameters can also be set for 1- and 2-moment schemes.
Namelist Parameter |
Default Setting |
Description |
Set for 1 or Multiple Domains (max_dom) |
|---|---|---|---|
nssl_alphah |
0 |
shape parameter for graupel |
max_dom |
nssl_alphahl |
1 |
shape parameter for hail |
max_dom |
nssl_cnoh |
4.e5 |
graupel intercept |
max_dom |
nssl_cnohl |
4.e4 |
hail intercept |
max_dom |
nssl_cnor |
8.e5 |
rain intercept |
max_dom |
nssl_cnos |
3.e6 |
snow intercept |
max_dom |
nssl_rho_qh |
500 |
graupel density |
max_dom |
nssl_rho_ghl |
900 |
hail density |
max_dom |
nssl_rho_qs |
100 |
snow density |
max_dom |
Morrison-CESM Microphysics¶
The following &physics record options are specific to the Morrison+CESM microphysics scheme, and can be applied when mp_physics=40.
Namelist Parameter |
Default Setting |
Description |
Set for 1 or Multiple Domains (max_dom) |
|---|---|---|---|
aercu_opt |
0 |
option to control aerosol interaction; |
single entry |
aercu_fct |
1.0 |
the factor by which to multiply the aerosol amount |
single entry |
no_src_types_cu |
1 |
an automatically-set number of aerosol species available in the global aerosol data being used (e.g., =10 for CESM input) |
single entry |
alevsiz_cu |
1 |
an automatically-set number of levels available in the global aerosol data being used (e.g., =30 for CESM input) |
single entry |
Radiation Physics¶
The following options are declared in the &physics namelist record. See Physics/Radiation for details.
Namelist Parameter |
Default Setting |
Description |
Set for 1 or Multiple Domains (max_dom) |
|---|---|---|---|
ra_lw_physics |
-1 |
longwave radiation scheme; set all domains to the same value; |
max_dom |
ra_sw_physics |
-1 |
shortwave radiation scheme; set all domains to the same value; |
max_dom |
radt |
0 |
minutes between radiation physics calls; recommend 1 minute per km of dx (e.g., set to 10 for a 10 km grid); set all domains to the same value |
max_dom |
swint_opt |
0 |
shortwave radiation interpolation option; |
single entry |
couple_farms |
.false. |
set to =.true. to drive the LSM using FARMS shortwave radiation; when =.false., the ra_sw_physics scheme is used |
single entry |
ra_call_offset |
0 |
option to offset the timing for radiation calls; |
single entry |
co2tf |
1 |
GFDL CO2 transmission function flag - CO2 function is generated internally |
single entry |
cldovrlp |
2 |
RRTMG cloud overlapping option; |
single entry |
idcor |
0 |
decorrelation length calculation option; |
single entry |
ra_sw_eclipse |
0 |
set to =1 to use an eclipse effect on shortwave radiation |
single entry |
ghg_input |
1 |
option to read-in annual greenhouse gas values from CAMtr_volume_mixing_ratio files; |
single entry |
o3input |
2 |
RRTMG ozone input option; |
single entry |
aer_opt |
0 |
RRTMG aerosol input option; |
single entry |
alevsiz |
1 |
number of vertical levels in EC aerosol data; value is set automatically |
single entry |
no_src_types |
1 |
number of aerosol species in Tegen global aerosol data; organic and black carbon, sea salt, sulfate, dust, and stratospheric aerosol (volcanic ash - currently 0); value is set automatically |
single entry |
use_rap_aero_icbc |
.false. |
set to =.true. to read in real-time data containing aerosols |
single entry |
qna_update |
0 |
set to =1 to update time-varying surface aerosol emissions from climatology or real-time data |
single entry |
wif_fire_emit |
.false. |
set to =.true. to include organic and black carbon aerosols from biomass burning |
single entry |
wif_fire_inj |
1 |
uses vertical distribution of emissions from biomass burning|br| |
max_dom |
icloud |
1 |
option for an optical depth cloud effect during radiation processing, where the option also determines cloud fraction options; |
single entry |
insert_init_cloud |
.false. |
set to =.true. to estimate the initial model cloud; cold start only |
single entry |
swrad_scat |
1 |
determines the amount of skattering; increase for more scattering |
single entry |
slope_rad |
0 |
set to =1 to use slope effects for solar radiation |
max_dom |
topo_shading |
0 |
set to =1 to use neighboring-point shadow solar radiation effects for shortwave radiation |
max_dom |
shadlen |
25000 |
max length (in meters) of orographic shadows |
single entry |
Aerosol Options¶
The following aerosol options are specific to RRTMG (ra_lw/sw_physics=4) and new Goddard (ra_lw/sw_physics=5) radiation to recognize the aerosol option setting, but the aerosols are constant during model integration. These options are declared in the &physics namelist record.
Namelist Parameter |
Default Setting |
Description |
Set for 1 or Multiple Domains (max_dom) |
|---|---|---|---|
aer_aod550_opt |
1 |
input option for aerosol optical depth (AOD) at 550 nm; |
max_dom |
aer_aod550_val |
0.12 |
fixed value for aerosol optical depth at 550 nm |
max_dom |
aer_angexp_opt |
1 |
input option for aerosol Angstrom exponent; |
max_dom |
aer_angexp_val |
1.3 |
fixed value for aerosol Angstrom exponent |
max_dom |
aer_ssa_opt |
1 |
input option for aerosol single scattering albedo; |
max_dom |
aer_ssa_val |
0.85 |
fixed value for aerosol single scattering albedo |
max_dom |
aer_asy_opt |
1 |
input option for the aerosol asymmetry parameter; |
max_dom |
aer_asy_val |
0.90 |
fixed value for the aerosol asymmetry parameter |
max_dom |
aer_type |
1 |
aerosol type for the above aer* options; |
max_dom |
CAM Radiation¶
The following CAM radiation options are automatically set by default, but for modifications, they should be set in the &physics namelist record. These options are applied when ra_lw/sw_physics=3.
Namelist Parameter |
Default Setting |
Description |
Set for 1 or Multiple Domains (max_dom) |
|---|---|---|---|
cam_abs_freq_s |
21600 |
the frequency (in seconds) at which clear sky longwave absorption is calculated; 21600 is the recommend minimum to speed-up CAM processing |
single entry |
levsiz |
1 |
the number of ozone data levels |
single entry |
paerlev |
1 |
the numer of aerosol data levels |
single entry |
cam_abs_dim1 |
1 |
the dimension for the absorption save array (absnxt) variable found in the CAM code (see WRF/phys/module_ra_cam.F) |
single entry |
cam_abs_dim2 |
1 |
the dimension for the 2nd absorption save array (abstot) variable found in the CAM code (see WRF/phys/module_ra_cam.F) |
single entry |
Surface Physics¶
See WRF Physics/Surface Physics. for details. These options are declared in the &physics namelist record.
Namelist Parameter |
Default Setting |
Description |
Set for 1 or Multiple Domains (max_dom) |
|---|---|---|---|
sf_sfclay_physics |
surface layer physics scheme; set all domains to the same value; |
max_dom |
|
iz0tlnd |
0 |
the method for determining land thermal roughness length; |
single entry |
sf_surface_physics |
land surface scheme option; note this setting is used during real.exe processing; set all domains to the same value; |
max_dom |
|
sf_urban_physics |
0 |
activates and determines the urban canopy model scheme; works when sf_surface_physics=2; set all domains to the same value; |
max_dom |
use_wudapt_lcz |
0 |
set to =1 to use WUDAPT LCZ urban landuse categories (31-41) - instructions for creating LCZ data; when set to =0, the traditional (31-33) urban categories are used |
single entry |
slucm_distributed_drag |
.false. |
set to .true. to use spatially-varying 2D urban zero-plane displacement, roughness length for momentum, and frontal area index (see additional details and requirements) |
single entry |
distributed_ahe_opt |
0 |
method used for anthropogenic surface heat flux (see additional details and requirements); |
single entry |
ua_phys |
.false. |
set to =.true. to activate UA Noah LSM changes for an alternate snow-cover that is aimed to improve treatment of snow as it relates to the vegetation canopy; also uses different VEGPARM.TBL columns |
single entry |
num_soil_layers |
5 |
the number of soil layers available in land surface model used; this option is read by real.exe; |
single entry |
ideal_xland |
1 |
determines whether land mask (XLAND) is set to land (=1) or water (=2) for idealized cases with no input land-use run-time switch during wrf.exe physics initialization; |
single entry |
ifsnow |
1 |
turns on SLAB snow-cover effects (set to =0 to turn off) |
single entry |
surface_input_source |
3 |
the source from which landuse and soil category originate; |
single entry |
pxlsm_smois_init |
1 |
Pleim-Xiu LSM soil moisture initialization method; |
max_dom |
num_land_cat |
21 |
the number of land categories from geographical input data; |
single entry |
num_soil_cat |
16 |
number of soil categories available from the input data |
single entry |
usemonalb |
.false. |
set to =.true. to use a 2D climatological monthly albedo map instead of table values (.TBL files in WRF/test/em_real), which is recommended when sst_update=1 |
single entry |
rdmaxalb |
.true. |
determines source for snow albedo; |
single entry |
rdlai2d |
.false. |
set to =.true. to use leaf area index (LAI) from input data, instead of from table values (.TBL files in WRF/test/em_real); when sst_udpate=1, LAI is included in the real.exe-generated wrflowinp_d0* file |
single entry |
sst_update |
0 |
set to =1 to turn on time-varying sea-surface temperature, seaice, vegetation fraction, and albedo; set before running real.exe; real.exe creates wrflowinp_d0* file(s) that include SST, XICE, ALBEDO, and VEGFRA - during wrf.exe these are updated at the same interval as the wrfbdy_d01 file |
single entry |
tmn_update |
0 |
set to =1 to update deep layer soil temperature; useful for long (multi-year) simulations |
single entry |
lagday |
150 |
number of days over which TMN (deep layer soil temperature) is computed using skin temperature |
single entry |
sst_skin |
0 |
set to =1 to calculate skin SST; useful for long (multi-year) simulations |
single entry |
shalwater_z0 |
0 |
set to =1 to turn on a shallow water roughness scheme |
max_dom |
shalwater_depth |
-1.0 |
option to set constant depth (in meters) when shalwater_z0=1 and no bathymetry data is available; intended for depths between 10.0 and 100.0 m; depths outside this range are rounded to the nearest limit value |
single entry |
Surface Irrigation Parameterization¶
The following options are specific to surface irrigation parameteriation and are only applicable when sf_surf_irr_scheme>0 and in WRFv4.2+. These options are set in the &physics namelist record.
Namelist Parameter |
Default Setting |
Description |
Set for 1 or Multiple Domains (max_dom) |
|---|---|---|---|
sf_surf_irr_scheme |
0 |
surface irrigation scheme option; |
max_dom |
irr_daily_amount |
0 |
the amount per day (mm/day) of irrigation water applied |
max_dom |
irr_start_hour |
0 |
the UTC start hour for irrigation |
max_dom |
irr_num_hours |
0 |
the total number of hours to apply irrigation |
max_dom |
irr_start_julianday |
0 |
the Julian day to start irrigation (this start time is included in the total time) |
max_dom |
irr_end_julianday |
0 |
the Julian day to end irrigation (this end time is not included in the total time) |
max_dom |
irr_freq |
1 |
irrigation frequency (in days) |
max_dom |
irr_ph |
0 |
irrigation phase; |
max_dom |
Planetary Boundary Layer Physics¶
See WRF Physics/PBL for details. These options are declared in the &physics namelist record.
Namelist Parameter |
Default Setting |
Description |
Set for 1 or Multiple Domains (max_dom) |
|---|---|---|---|
bl_pbl_physics |
boundary layer physics scheme; set all domains to the same value (except when running an LES simulation); |
max_dom |
|
mfshconv |
1 |
turns on the QNSE mass flux scheme; set to =0 to turn off |
max_dom |
bldt |
0 |
minutes between boundary-layer physics calls & processing; =0 (call every time step) is recommended for all domains |
max_dom |
topo_wind |
0 |
YSU topographic surface wind correction option; these options work when bl_pbl_physics=1 |
single entry |
tke_budget |
0 |
set to =1 to add MYNN TKE budget terms to output |
max_dom |
bl_mynn_tkeadvect |
.false. |
set to =.true. to use MYNN TKE advection to couple subgrid-scale clouds from the MYNN PBL scheme, to the longwave and shortwave radiation schemes |
max_dom |
bl_mynn_cloudmix |
1 |
turns on MYNN cloud water (qc) and cloud ice (qi) mixing; cloud water droplet number (qnd) and cloud ice number concentation (qni) are mixed when scalar_pblmix=1 |
max_dom |
bl_mynn_mixlength |
1 |
option to change the MYNN mixing length calculation; |
single entry |
bl_mynn_cloudpdf |
2 |
MYNN option to use alternate cloud PDFs to represent subgrid clouds; |
single entry |
bl_mynn_edmf |
1 |
option to activate the MYNN mass-flux scheme; |
max_dom |
bl_mynn_edmf_mom |
1 |
activates MYNN momentum transport (set to 0 to turn off) |
max_dom |
bl_mynn_edmf_tke |
0 |
set to =1 to activate MYNN TKE transport |
max_dom |
scalar_pblmix |
0 |
set to =1 to mix 4d scalar variables to be consistent with the PBL option (exch_h) |
max_dom |
tracer_pblmix |
1 |
mixes tracer fields to be consistent with the PBL option (exch_h); set to =0 to turn off |
max_dom |
shinhong_tke_diag |
1 |
activates Shin-Hong PBL diagnostic TKE and mixing length |
max_dom |
opt_thcnd |
1 |
how Noah LSM thermal conductivity is handled; |
single entry |
sf_surface_mosaic |
0 |
set to =1 to use Noah LSM mosaic landuse subtiling |
single entry |
mosaic_cat |
3 |
number of mosaic landuse categories in a grid cell when sf_surface_mosaic=1 |
single entry |
mosaic_lu |
0 |
set to =1 to specify landuse parameters based on a mosaic approach |
single entry |
mosaic_soil |
0 |
set to =1 to specify soil parameters based on a mosaic approach |
single entry |
grav_settling |
0 |
gravitational settling of fog/cloud droplets; |
max_dom |
ysu_topdown_pblmix |
1 |
turns on top-down radiation-driven mixing |
single entry |
isfflx |
1 |
when bl_pbl_physics >0, this determines whether surface heat and moisture fluxes are used; |
single entry |
Cumulus Parameterization¶
See WRF Physics/Cumulus Parameterization for details. These options are declared in the &physics namelist record.
Namelist Parameter |
Default Setting |
Description |
Set for 1 or Multiple Domains (max_dom) |
|---|---|---|---|
cu_physics |
cumulus parameterication option; the same value should be used for all domains that have cu_physics turned on; |
max_dom |
|
cudt |
0 |
minutes between cumulus physics calls; set to 0 (call every time step) when using all cu_physics options except Kain-Fritsch; set all domains to the same value |
max_dom |
kfeta_trigger |
1 |
the method to determine whether a grid point is convective; only works with cu_physics=1; |
single entry |
ishallow |
0 |
set to =1 to turn on shallow convection; only works with cu_physics=3 or 5 |
single entry |
cu_diag |
0 |
set to =1 to compute time-averaged time-step surface rainfall and cloud water/ice when using cu_physics=3,5,93; only for WRF-Chem use |
max_dom |
shcu_physics |
0 |
independent shallow cumulus option; not tied to deep convection; |
max_dom |
cugd_avedx |
1 |
number of grid boxes over which subsidence is spread; |
single entry |
nsas_dx_factor |
0 |
set to =1 to turn on NSAS grid distance dependent option |
single entry |
kf_edrates |
0 |
set to =1 to output entrainment/detrainment rates and convective timescale output variables for KF-based cumulus schemes; only works with cu_physics=1,11,99 |
max_dom |
convtrans_avglen_m |
30 |
averaging time (in mins) for convective transport output variables; only works with cu_physics=3,5,93 |
single entry |
cu_rad_feedback |
.false. |
set to =.true. to use sub-grid cloud effect to the optical depth in radiation; only works with cu_physics=1,3,5,10,11,93,99; if using cu_physics=3,5,93 must set cu_diag=1 |
max_dom |
The following options related to cumulus parameterization show recommended values. Consult the code to use other values. These options are declared in the &physics namelist record.
Namelist Parameter |
Default Setting |
Description |
Set for 1 or Multiple Domains (max_dom) |
|---|---|---|---|
maxiens |
1 |
only works with cu_physics=3,5,93 |
single entry |
maxens |
3 |
only works with cu_physics=3,5,93 |
single entry |
maxens2 |
3 |
only works with cu_physics=3,5,93 |
single entry |
maxens3 |
16 |
only works with cu_physics=3,5,93 |
single entry |
ensdim |
144 |
only works with cu_physics=3,5,93 |
single entry |
KF-CuP Cumulus Parameterization¶
The following options are specific to the KF-CuP cumulus parameterization scheme (cu_physics=10). These options are declared in the &physics namelist record.
Namelist Parameter |
Default Setting |
Description |
Set for 1 or Multiple Domains (max_dom) |
|---|---|---|---|
shallowcu_forced_ra |
.false. |
radiative impact of shallow cumulus by a prescribed max cloud fraction of 0.36 |
max_dom |
numbins |
1 |
number of perturbations for potential temperature and mixing ratio in the CuP PDF; should be an odd number; recommended value is 21 |
max_dom |
thBinSize |
1 |
bin size of potential temperature perturbation increment (0.01 K) |
max_dom |
minDeepFreq |
1 |
minimum frequency required before deep convection is allowed (0.333) |
max_dom |
minShallowFreq |
1 |
minimum frequency required before shallow convection is allowed (1.0e-2) |
max_dom |
shcu_aerosols_opt |
0 |
set to =2 to use this prognostic option to include aerosols in the shallow cumulus scheme; only works for WRF-Chem |
max_dom |
Ocean Model Physics¶
The following options are specific to Ocean model physics. These options are declared in the &physics namelist record.
Namelist Parameter |
Default Setting |
Description |
Set for 1 or Multiple Domains (max_dom) |
|---|---|---|---|
sf_ocean_physics |
0 |
activates ocean model; |
single entry |
omdt |
1 |
time step (mins) when sf_ocean_physics=2; can be set the same as the WRF time step in corresponding nested grids, but should be \(\geq\) 1.0 minute |
single entry |
oml_hml0 |
50 |
initial mixed layer depth value when sf_ocean_physics=1; |
single entry |
oml_gamma |
0.14 |
lapse rate (K m-1) in deep water (below the mixed layer) when sf_ocean_physics=1 |
single entry |
oml_relaxation_time |
0 |
relaxation time (seconds) when sf_ocean_physics=1 back to original values; e.g., a setting of 259200 seconds = 3 days |
single entry |
ocean_levels |
30 |
number of vertical levels when sf_ocean_physics=2 |
single entry |
Seaice¶
The following options are specific to seaice. These options are declared in the &physics namelist record.
Namelist Parameter |
Default Setting |
Description |
Set for 1 or Multiple Domains (max_dom) |
|---|---|---|---|
seaice_threshold |
100 |
if skin temperature (TSK) is < this value, water points are changed to sea ice; only works with sf_surface_physics=1,2,3,4,8 |
single entry |
fractional_seaice |
0 |
set to =1 to treat seaice as a fractional field; only works with sf_sfclay_physics=1,2,3,4,5,7,91; must also set seaice_threshold=0; if set to 0, uses flag for ice or no ice |
single entry |
seaice_albedo_opt |
0 |
option to set albedo over sea ice; |
single entry |
seaice_albedo_default |
0.65 |
default value of seaice albedo when seaice_albedo_opt=0 |
single entry |
seaice_snowdepth_opt |
0 |
method for how snow depth on seaice is treated; |
single entry |
seaice_snowdepth_min |
0.001 |
minimum snow depth (in meters) on sea ice |
single entry |
seaice_snowdepth_max |
1.e10 |
maximum allowed accumulation of snow (in meters) on sea ice |
single entry |
seaice_thickness_opt |
0 |
seaice thickness method; |
single entry |
seaice_thickness_default |
3.0 |
default value of seaice thickness when seaice_thickness_opt=0 |
single entry |
Lake Model¶
The following options are specific to the lake model. These options are declared in the &physics namelist record.
Namelist Parameter |
Default Setting |
Description |
Set for 1 or Multiple Domains (max_dom) |
|---|---|---|---|
sf_lake_physics |
0 |
set to =1 to turn on the lake model |
max_dom |
lakedepth_default |
50 |
lake depth (in meters); if no lake depth information is available in the input data, this value is set to 50 m |
max_dom |
lake_min_elev |
5 |
minimum elevation of lakes; can be used to determine whether a water point is a lake in the absence of a lake category; if the landuse type includes “lake” (e.g., Modis_lake and USGS_LAKE), this variables is ignored |
max_dom |
use_lakedepth |
1 |
option to use lake depth data provided by the geogrid program |
max_dom |
Lightning Parameterization¶
The following options are specific to the lightning parameterization. These options are declared in the &physics namelist record.
Namelist Parameter |
Default Setting |
Description |
Set for 1 or Multiple Domains (max_dom) |
|---|---|---|---|
lightning_option |
0 |
lightning parameterization option to allow flash rate prediction without chemistry; must set do_radar_ref=1; |
max_dom |
lightning_dt |
0 |
time interval (in seconds) for calling lightning parameterization when lightning_option>0; when set to 0, model time step is used |
max_dom |
lightning_start_seconds |
0 |
start time for calling lightning parameterization when lightning_option>0; recommend at least 10 minutes for spin-up |
max_dom |
flashrate_factor |
1.0 |
factor to adjust the predicted number of flashes; recommended values: |
max_dom |
cellcount_method |
0 |
method for counting storm cells when lightning_option=1 or 2; |
max_dom |
cldtop_adjustment |
0 |
adjustment from LNB (in km) when lightning_option=11; recommend =2 |
max_dom |
iccg_method |
0 |
intra-cloud (IC) : cloud-to-ground (CG) partitioning method; |
max_dom |
iccg_prescribed_num |
0.0 |
numerator of the user-specified prescribed IC:CG |
max_dom |
iccg_prescribed_den |
1.0 |
denomenator of the user-specified prescribed IC:CG |
max_dom |
Wind Turbine Drag Parameterization¶
The following options are specific to the wind turbine drag parameterization. These options are declared in the &physics namelist record.
Namelist Parameter |
Default Setting |
Description |
Set for 1 or Multiple Domains (max_dom) |
|---|---|---|---|
windfarm_opt |
0 |
options to turn on wind turbine drag parameterization; |
max_dom |
windfarm_ij |
0 |
specifies to type of coordinate to use for wind turbine locations; |
single entry |
windfarm_wake_model |
2 |
subgrid-scale wind turbine wake model; only valid when windfarm_opt=2 |
max_dom |
windfarm_overlap_method |
4 |
wake superposition method for the Jensen and XA wind turbine wake model; valid only when windfarm_opt=2 |
max_dom |
windfarm_deg |
0 |
the rotation degree of the wind farm layout; only valid when windfarm_opt=2 and windfarm_ij=1 |
max_dom |
Hailcasting¶
The following options are specific to the hailcasting. These options are declared in the &physics namelist record.
Namelist Parameter |
Default Setting |
Description |
Set for 1 or Multiple Domains (max_dom) |
|---|---|---|---|
hailcast_opt |
0 |
set to =1 to turn on hailcasting option |
max_dom |
haildt |
0 |
seconds between WRF-HAILCAST call(s) when hailcast_opt=1 |
max_dom |
Miscellaneous Physics Options¶
These options are declared in the &physics namelist record.
Namelist Parameter |
Default Setting |
Description |
Set for 1 or Multiple Domains (max_dom) |
|---|---|---|---|
bucket_mm |
-1 |
bucket reset value for water accumulation (in mm); useful for long (multi-year) simulations; default value of “-1” means inactive |
single entry |
bucket_j |
-1 |
bucket reset value for energy accumulation (in Joules); useful for long (multi-year) simulations; default value of -1 means inactive |
single entry |
isftcflx |
0 |
alternative Ck (exchange coefficient for temperature and moisture) and Cd (drag coefficient for momentum) forulation for tropical storm application; |
single entry |
traj_opt |
0 |
set to =1 to activate forward trajectories |
single entry |
num_traj |
1000 |
number of trajectories to be released when traj_opt=1 |
single entry |
&stoch¶
To use the options in this section, they must be set in the &stoch namelist record.
Namelist Parameter |
Default Setting |
Description |
Set for 1 or Multiple Domains (max_dom) |
|---|---|---|---|
nens |
1 |
seed for random number stream; for ensemble forecasts this parameter needs to be different for each member; the seed is a function of initial start time to ensure different random number streams are created for forecasts starting from different intial times; changing this seed changes the random number streams for all activated stochastic parameterization schemes |
single entry |
Stochastic Kinetic-energy Backscatter Scheme (SKEBS)¶
The following options are specific to the Stochastic Kinetic-energy Backscatter Scheme (SKEBS), and assumes skebs=1. These options are declared in the &stoch namelist record.
Namelist Parameter |
Default Setting |
Description |
Set for 1 or Multiple Domains (max_dom) |
|---|---|---|---|
skebs |
0 |
set to =1 to turn on stochastic kinetic-energy backscatter scheme (SKEBS) |
max_dom |
tot_backscat_psi |
1.0e-05 |
total backscattered dissipation rate for streamfunction; controls amplitude of rotational wind perturbations (in m2/s2) |
max_dom |
tot_backscat_t |
1.0e-06 |
total backscattered dissipation rate for potential temperature; controls amplitude of potential temperature perturbations (in m2/s2) |
max_dom |
ztau_psi |
10800.0 |
decorrelation time (in seconds) for streamfunction perturbations |
single entry |
ztau_t |
10800.0 |
decorrelation time (in seconds) for potential temperature perturbations |
single entry |
rexponent_psi |
-1.83 |
spectral slope for streamfunction perturbations; -1.83 is default for a kinetic- energy forcing spectrum with slope -5/3) |
single entry |
rexponent_t |
-1.83 |
spectral slope for potential temperature perturbations; -1.83 is default for a potential energy forcing spectrum with slope -1.832) |
single entry |
kminforc |
1 |
minimal forcing wavenumber in longitude for streamfunction perturbations |
single entry |
lminforc |
1 |
minimal forcing wavenumber in latitude for streamfunction perturbations |
single entry |
kminforct |
1 |
minimal forcing wavenumber in longitude for potential temperature perturbations |
single entry |
lminforct |
1 |
minimal forcing wavenumber in latitude for potential temperature perturbations |
single entry |
kmaxforc |
1000000 |
maximal forcing wavenumber in longitude for streamfunction perturbations; default is maximal possible wavenumbers determined by number of gridpoints in longitude |
single entry |
lmaxforc |
1000000 |
maximal forcing wavenumber in latitude for streamfunction perturbations; default is maximal possible wavenumbers determined by number of gridpoints in latitude |
single entry |
kmaxforct |
1000000 |
maximal forcing wavenumber in longitude for potential temperature perturbations; default is maximal possible wavenumbers determined by number of gridpoints in longitude |
single entry |
lmaxforct |
1000000 |
maximal forcing wavenumber in latitude for potential temperature perturbations; default is maximal possible wavenumbers determined by number of gridpoints in latitude |
single entry |
zsigma2_eps |
0.0833 |
noise variance in autoregressive process defining streamfunction perturbations |
single entry |
zsigma2_eta |
0.0833 |
noise variance in autoregressive process defining potential temperature perturbations |
single entry |
skebs_vertstruc |
0 |
defines the vertical structure of random pattern generator; |
single entry |
iseed_skebs |
811 |
seed for random number stream for skebs; this is combined with seed nens, signifying ensemble member number and initial start time to ensure different random number streams for forecasts starting from different initial times and for different ensemble members |
single entry |
Stochastic Kinetic-Energy Backscatter Scheme (SKEB)¶
The following options are specific to the Stochastic Kinetic-Energy Backscatter Scheme (SKEB) used to perturb a forecast; assumes skebs=1 and rand_perturb=1. These options are declared in the &stoch namelist record.
Namelist Parameter |
Default Setting |
Description |
Set for 1 or Multiple Domains (max_dom) |
|---|---|---|---|
rand_perturb |
0 |
set to =1 to create a random perturbation field |
max_dom |
lengthscale_rand_pert |
500000 |
perturbation correlation lengthscale (meters) |
max_dom |
timescale_rand_pert |
21600.0 |
temporal decorrelation of random field (in seconds) |
max_dom |
gridpt_stddev_rand_pert |
0.03 |
standard deviation of random perturbation field at each grid point |
max_dom |
stddev_cutofkf_rand_pert |
3.0 |
cutoff tails of perturbation pattern above this threshold standard deviation |
max_dom |
rand_pert_vertstruc |
0 |
vertical structure for random perturbation field; |
single entry |
iseed_rand_pert |
17 |
seed for random number stream; this is combined with seed nens, signifying ensemble member number and initial start time to ensure different random number streams are created for forecasts starting from different initial times and for different ensemble members |
single entry |
Stochastically-perturbed Physical Tendencies (SPPT)¶
The following options are specific to the Stochastically-perturbed Physical Tendencies (SPPT), and assumes sppt=1. These options are declared in the &stoch namelist record.
Namelist Parameter |
Default Setting |
Description |
Set for 1 or Multiple Domains (max_dom) |
|---|---|---|---|
sppt |
0 |
set to =1 to turn on stochastically-perturbed physics tendences (SPPT) |
max_dom |
lengthscale_sppt |
150000 |
random perturbation lengthscale (in meters) |
max_dom |
timescale_sppt |
21600 |
temporal decorrelation of random field (in seconds) |
max_dom |
sppt_vertstruc |
0 |
vertical structure for SPPT; |
single entry |
gridpt_stddev_sppt |
0.5 |
standard deviation of random perturbation field at each grid point |
max_dom |
stddev_cutoff_sppt |
2.0 |
cutoff tails of perturbation pattern above this threshold standard deviation |
max_dom |
iseed_sppt |
53 |
seed for random number stream for SPPT; This is combined with parameter nens, signifying ensemble member number and initial start time to ensure different random number streams for forecasts starting from different initial times and for different ensemble members |
single entry |
Stochastically-perturbed Parameter Scheme (SPP)¶
The following options are specific to the Stochastically-perturbed Parameter Scheme (SPP), and assumes spp=1. These options are declared in the &stoch namelist record.
Namelist Parameter |
Default Setting |
Description |
Set for 1 or Multiple Domains (max_dom) |
|---|---|---|---|
spp |
0 |
set to =1 to turn on stochastically-perturbed parameter scheme (SPP); only works with Grell Freitas convective scheme (cu_physics=3), MYNN PBL scheme (bl_pbl_physics=5 or 6), & RUC surface scheme (sf_surface_physics=3) |
max_dom |
spp_conv |
0 |
set to =1 to turn on perturbation of parameters for Grell Freitas convective scheme (cu_physics=3) |
max_dom |
lengthscale_spp_conv |
150000 |
perturbation length scale (in meters); for Grell Freitas convective scheme (cu_physics=3) |
max_dom |
timescale_spp_conv |
21600 |
temporal decorrelation of random field (in seconds); for Grell Freitas convective scheme (cu_physics=3) |
max_dom |
gridpt_stddev_spp_conv |
0.3 |
standard deviation of random perturbation field at each grid point; for Grell Freitas convective scheme (cu_physics=3) |
max_dom |
stddev_cutoff_spp_conv |
3.0 |
cutoff tails of perturbation pattern above this threshold standard deviation; for Grell Freitas convective scheme (cu_physics=3) |
max_dom |
vertstruc_spp_conv |
1 |
determines vertical structure for random perturbation; for Grell Freitas convective scheme (cu_physics=3) |
single entry |
iseed_spp_conv |
171 |
seed for random number stream for spp_conv; for Grell Freitas convective scheme (cu_physics=3) |
single entry |
spp_pbl |
0 |
set to =1 to turn on perturbation of parameters for MYNN PBL scheme (bl_pbl_physics=5 or 6) |
max_dom |
lengthscale_spp_pbl |
700000.0 |
perturbation length scale (in meters); for MYNN PBL scheme (bl_pbl_physics=5 or 6) |
max_dom |
timescale_spp_pbl |
21600.0 |
temporal decorrelation of random field (in seconds); for MYNN PBL scheme (bl_pbl_physics=5 or 6) |
max_dom |
gridpt_stddev_spp_pbl |
0.15 |
standard deviation of random perturbation field at each grid point; for MYNN PBL scheme (bl_pbl_physics=5 or 6) |
max_dom |
stddev_cutoff_spp_pbl |
2.0 |
cutoff tails of perturbation pattern above this threshold standard deviation; for MYNN PBL scheme (bl_pbl_physics=5 or 6) |
max_dom |
vertstruc_spp_pbl |
1 |
determines vertical structure for random perturbation; for MYNN PBL scheme (bl_pbl_physics=5 or 6) |
single entry |
iseed_spp_pbl |
217 |
seed for random number stream for spp_pbl; for MYNN PBL scheme (bl_pbl_physics=5 or 6) |
single entry |
spp_lsm |
1 |
Turns on perturbation of parameters for RUC LSM (sf_surface_physics=3) |
max_dom |
lengthscale_spp_lsm |
50000 |
perturbation length scale (in meters); for RUC LSM (sf_surface_physics=3) |
max_dom |
timescale_spp_lsm |
86400 |
temporal decorrelation of random field (in seconds); for RUC LSM (sf_surface_physics=3) |
max_dom |
gridpt_stddev_spp_lsm |
0.3 |
standard deviation of random perturbation field at each grid point; for RUC LSM (sf_surface_physics=3) |
max_dom |
stddev_cutoff_spp_lsm |
3.0 |
cutoff tails of perturbation pattern above this threshold standard deviation; for RUC LSM (sf_surface_physics=3) |
max_dom |
vertstruc_spp_lsm |
1 |
determines vertical structure for random perturbation; for RUC LSM (sf_surface_physics=3) |
single entry |
iseed_spp_lsm |
317 |
seed for random number stream for spp_lsm; for RUC LSM (sf_surface_physics=3) |
single entry |
WRF-Solar Stochastic Ensemble Prediction System (WRF-Solar EPS)¶
The following options are specific to the WRF-Solar Stochastic Ensemble Prediction System (WRF-Solar EPS), and assumes multi_perturb=1; new since V4.4. These options are declared in the &stoch namelist record.
Namelist Parameter |
Default Setting |
Description |
Set for 1 or Multiple Domains (max_dom) |
|---|---|---|---|
nens |
1 |
seed for random number stream; for ensemble forecasts this parameter needs to be different for each member; the seed is a function of initial start time to ensure different random number streams are created for forecasts starting from different intial times; changing this seed changes the random number streams for all activated stochastic parameterization schemes |
single entry |
multi_perturb |
0 |
set to =1 to turn on stochastic perturbations tailored for solar energy applications |
max_dom |
spdt |
-1.0 |
frequency to update stochastic perturbations (in minutes); negative value indicates every time step |
max_dom |
pert_farms |
.false. |
set to =.true. to activate perturbations to FARMS parameterization |
max_dom |
pert_farms_albedo |
0 |
set to =1 to perturb albedo |
max_dom |
pert_farms_aod |
0 |
set to =1 to perturb aod (aerosol optical depth) |
max_dom |
pert_farms_angexp |
0 |
set to =1 to perturb angexp (aerosol Angstrom exponent) |
max_dom |
pert_farms_aerasy |
0 |
set to =1 to perturb aerasy |
max_dom |
pert_farms_qv |
0 |
set to =1 to perturb qv (water vapor mixing ratio) |
max_dom |
pert_farms_qc |
0 |
set to =1 to perturb qc (cloud water mixing ratio) |
max_dom |
pert_farms_qs |
0 |
set to =1 to perturb qs (snow mixing ratio) |
max_dom |
pert_deng |
.false. |
set to =.true. to activate perturbations to Deng’s shallow cumulus parameterization scheme (shcu_physics=5) |
max_dom |
pert_deng_qv |
0 |
set to =1 to perturb qv (water vapor mixing ratio) |
max_dom |
pert_deng_qc |
0 |
set to =1 to perturb qc (cloud water mixing ratio) |
max_dom |
pert_deng_t |
0 |
set to =1 to perturb temperature |
max_dom |
pert_deng_w |
0 |
set to =1 to perturb w (vertical velocity) |
max_dom |
pert_mynn |
.false. |
set to =.true. to activate perturbations for MYNN PBL schemes (bl_pbl_physics=5 or 6) |
max_dom |
pert_mynn_qv |
0 |
set to =1 to perturb qv (water vapor mixing ratio) |
max_dom |
pert_mynn_qc |
0 |
set to =1 to perturb qc (cloud water mixing ratio) |
max_dom |
pert_mynn_t |
0 |
set to =1 to perturb temperature |
max_dom |
pert_mynn_qke |
0 |
set to =1 to perturb w (vertical velocity) |
max_dom |
pert_noah |
.false. |
set to =.true. to activate perturbations to Noah LSM (sf_surface_physics=2) |
max_dom |
pert_noah_qv |
0 |
set to =1 to perturb qv (water vapor mixing ratio) |
max_dom |
pert_noah_smois |
0 |
set to =1 to perturb smois (soil moisture) |
max_dom |
pert_noah_t |
0 |
set to =1 to perturb temperature |
max_dom |
pert_noah_tslb |
0 |
set to =1 to perturb tslb (soil temperature) |
max_dom |
pert_thom |
.false. |
set to =.true. to activate perturbations to Thompson microphysics (mp_physics=8) |
max_dom |
pert_thom_qv |
0 |
set to =1 to perturb qv (water vapor mixing ratio) |
max_dom |
pert_thom_qc |
0 |
set to =1 to perturb qc (cloud water mixing ratio) |
max_dom |
pert_thom_qi |
0 |
set to =1 to perturb qi (ice mixing ratio) |
max_dom |
pert_thom_qs |
0 |
set to =1 to perturb qs (snow mixing ratio) |
max_dom |
pert_thom_ni |
0 |
set to =1 to perturb ni (ice number concentration) |
max_dom |
pert_cld3 |
.false. |
set to =.true. to activate perturbations to clouds generated with icloud=3 |
max_dom |
pert_cld3_qv |
0 |
set to =1 to perturb qv (water vapor mixing ratio) |
max_dom |
pert_cld3_t |
0 |
set to =1 to perturb temperature |
max_dom |
num_pert_3d |
15 |
Number of entries in STOCHPERT.TBL; no need to modify |
single entry |
&dynamics¶
To use the options in this section, they must be set in the &dynamics namelist record.
Namelist Parameter |
Default Setting |
Description |
Set for 1 or Multiple Domains (max_dom) |
|---|---|---|---|
hybrid_opt |
2 |
dynamical coordinate option; |
single entry |
etac |
0.2 |
znw(k) < etac; eta surfaces are isobaric; 0.2 is a good default value |
single entry |
rk_ord |
3 |
time integration scheme; |
single entry |
diff_opt |
-1 |
turbulence and mixing option; |
max_dom |
km_opt |
-1 |
eddy coefficient option; |
max_dom |
diff_6th_opt |
0 |
6th-order numerical diffusion option; |
max_dom |
diff_6th_factor |
0.12 |
6th-order numerical diffusion non-dimensional rate; max value 1.0 corresponds to complete removal of 2dx wave in one timestep |
max_dom |
diff_6th_slopeopt |
0 |
set to =1 to turn on 6th-order numerical diffusion - terrain-slope tapering |
max_dom |
diff_6th_thresh |
0.1 |
slope threshold (m/m) that turns off 6th order diff in steep terrain |
max_dom |
damp_opt |
3 |
upper-level damping flag; |
single entry |
use_theta_m |
1 |
use moist theta(1+1.61Qv); set to 0 to turn off |
single entry |
use_q_diabatic |
0 |
set to =1 to turn on inclusion of QV and QC tendencies in advection; helps to produce correct solution in an idealized “moist benchmark” test case (Bryan, 2014); in real-data testing, reduce time_step to maintain stability |
single entry |
c_s |
0.25 |
Smagorinsky coefficient |
max_dom |
c_k |
0.15 |
TKE coefficient |
max_dom |
zdamp |
5000 |
damping depth (in meters) from model top |
max_dom |
dampcoef |
0.2 |
damping coefficient; see damp_opt |
max_dom |
w_damping |
0 |
set to =1 to turn on vertical velocity damping flag; for operational use |
single entry |
w_crit_cfl |
1 |
default vertical courant number where vertical damping begins |
single entry |
zadvect_implicit |
0 |
set to =1 to use implicit/explicit vertical advection (IEVA) scheme |
single entry |
base_pres |
100000 |
base state surface pressure (in Pa); real-data cases only; not recommended to change default value |
single entry |
base_temp |
290 |
base state temperature (in K); real-data cases only |
single entry |
base_lapse |
50 |
lapse rate (in K); not recommended to change default value; real-data cases only |
single entry |
iso_temp |
200 |
isothermal temperature in the statosphere; enables the model to be extended to 5 mb; real-data cases only |
single entry |
base_pres_strat |
0 |
base state pressure (in Pa) at the bottom of the stratosphere; US Standard atmosphere 55 hPa; real-data cases only |
single entry |
base_lapse_strat |
-11 |
base state lapse rate (dT/d(lnP)) in the stratosphere; approximate to US standard atmosphere -12K; real-data cases only |
single entry |
use_baseparm_fr_nml |
.false. |
set to =.true. for backward compatibility; to use with wrfinput files produced prior to V3.4 |
single entry |
use_input_w |
.false. |
set to =.true. to use vertical velocity from the input file |
single entry |
khdif |
0 |
horizontal diffusion constant (m2/s) |
max_dom |
kvdif |
0 |
vertical diffusion constant (m2/s) |
max_dom |
smdiv |
0.1 |
divergence damping; 0.1 is typical |
max_dom |
emdiv |
0.01 |
external-mode filter coef for mass coordinate model; 0.01 is typical for real-data cases |
max_dom |
epssm |
0.1 |
time off-centering (slightly forward) for vertical pressure gradient (or sound waves) in an effort to damp 3-d divergence; set \(\leq\) 0.5 |
max_dom |
non-hydrostatic |
.true. model is run in non-hydrostatic mode; set to .false. to run in hydrostatic mode |
max_dom |
|
pert_coriolis |
.false. |
set to =.true. to have coriolis only act on wind perturbation; only for idealized cases |
max_dom |
top_lid |
.false. |
set to =.true. for zero vertical motion at the top of domain; only for idealized cases |
max_dom |
mix_full_fields |
.false. |
used with diff_opt=2; recommended setting is .true. except for highly-idealized numerical tests; damp_opt must not =1; a setting of .false. subtracts 1D base-state profile before mixing |
max_dom |
mix_isotropic |
0 |
max_dom |
|
mix_upper_bound |
0.1 |
non-dimensional upper limit for diffusion coefficients; only works with km_opt=2, 3 |
max_dom |
h_mom_adv_order |
5 |
horizontal momentum advection order; 5=5th, etc. |
max_dom |
v_mom_adv_order |
3 |
vertical momentum advection order; 3=3rd, etc. |
max_dom |
h_sca_adv_order |
5 |
horizontal scalar advection order; 5=5th, etc. |
max_dom |
v_sca_adv_order |
3 |
vertical scalar advection order; 3=3rd, etc. |
max_dom |
time_step_sound |
0 |
number of sound steps per timestep; if using a time_step much larger than 6xDX (in km), increase number of sound steps |
max_dom |
moist_adv_opt |
1 |
advection option for moisture; |
max_dom |
scalar_adv_opt |
1 |
advection option for scalars; |
max_dom |
tke_adv_opt |
1 |
advection option for TKE; |
max_dom |
phi_adv_z |
1 |
vertical advection option for geopotential; |
max_dom |
chem_adv_opt |
1 |
advection option for variables; |
max_dom |
tracer_adv_opt |
1 |
advection option for tracer variables; |
max_dom |
momentum_adv_opt |
1 |
advection option for momentum; |
max_dom |
tke_drag_coefficient |
0 |
surface drag coefficient (Cd, dimensionless); only works with diff_opt=2 |
max_dom |
tke_heat_flux |
0 |
surface thermal flux (H/rho x cp); (K ms-1); only work with diff_opt=2 |
max_dom |
fft_filter_lat |
91 |
the latitude (in degrees) above which the polar filter is turned on for a global model simulation; -45 is a reasonable latitude to start using polar filters |
single entry |
coupled_filtering |
.true. |
a setting of =.true. means mu coupled scalar arrays are run through the polar filters |
single entry |
pos_def |
.false. |
set to =.true. to remove negative values of scalar arrays by setting minimum value to zero |
single entry |
swap_pole_with_next_j |
.false. |
set to =.true. to replace the entire j=1 (jds-1) with the values from j=2 (jds-2) |
single entry |
actual_distance_average |
.false. |
set to =.true. to average the field at each i location in the j-loop with a number of grid points based on a map-factor ratio |
single entry |
gwd_opt |
0 |
gravity wave drag option; can be used for all grid sizes with appropriate input fields from geogrid; |
max_dom |
do_avgflx_em |
0 |
set to =1 to output time-averaged mass-coupled advective velocities |
max_dom |
do_avgflx_cugd |
0 |
set to =1 to output time-averaged convective mass-fluxes from the Grell-Devenyi ensemble scheme; only works when do_avgflx_em =1 and cu_physics=93 |
max_dom |
sfs_opt |
0 |
nonlinear backscatter and anisotrophy (NBA); |
max_dom |
m_opt |
0 |
set to =1 to add output of Mij stress terms when NBA is not used |
max_dom |
tracer_opt |
0 |
set to =2 to activate eight pre-defined tracers (found in the Registry file) |
max_dom |
rad_nudge |
0 |
set to =1 to turn on nudging toward initial sounding in the TC idealized case |
single entry |
The following options are specific to deactivating 2nd and 6th order horizontal filters for specific scalar variable classes. These options are declared in the &dynamics namelist record.
Namelist Parameter |
Default Setting |
Description |
Set for 1 or Multiple Domains (max_dom) |
|---|---|---|---|
moist_mix2_off |
.false. |
set to =.true. to deactivate 2nd-order horizontal mixing for moisture |
max_dom |
chem_mix2_off |
.false. |
set to =.true. to deactivate 2nd-order horizontal mixing for chem species |
max_dom |
tracer_mix2_off |
.false. |
set to =.true. to deactivate 2nd-order horizontal mixing for tracers |
max_dom |
scalar_mix2_off |
.false. |
set to =.true. to deactivate 2nd-order horizontal mixing for scalars |
max_dom |
tke_mix2_off |
.false. |
set to =.true. to deactivate 2nd-order horizontal mixing for TKE |
max_dom |
moist_mix6_off |
.false. |
set to =.true. to deactivate 6th-order horizontal mixing for moisture |
max_dom |
chem_mix6_off |
.false. |
set to =.true. to deactivate 6th-order horizontal mixing for chem species |
max_dom |
tracer_mix6_off |
.false. |
set to =.true. to deactivate 6th-order horizontal mixing for tracers |
max_dom |
scalar_mix6_off |
.false. |
set to =.true. to deactivate 6th-order horizontal mixing for scalars |
max_dom |
tke_mix6_off |
.false. |
set to =.true. to deactivate 6th-order horizontal mixing for TKE |
max_dom |
&bdy_control¶
To use the options in this section, they must be set in the &bdy_control namelist record.
Namelist Parameter |
Default Setting |
Description |
Set for 1 or Multiple Domains (max_dom) |
|---|---|---|---|
spec_bdy_width |
5 |
total number of rows for specified boundary value nudging; only for real-data cases |
single entry |
spec_zone |
1 |
number of points in specified zone when specified=.true.; only for real-data cases |
single entry |
relax_zone |
4 |
number of points in relaxation zone when specified=.true.; only for real-data cases |
single entry |
specified |
.false. |
set to =.true. to use a specified boundary condition; can only be used for domain 1; only for real-data cases |
max_dom |
spec_exp |
0 |
exponential multiplier for relaxation zone ramp when specified=.true.; 0 = linear ramp; 0.33 = ~3*DX exp decay factor; only for real-data cases |
single entry |
multi_bdy_files |
.false. |
set to =.true. to instruct real.exe to generate multiple wrfbdy files (one time period per file, using bdy_inname=wrfbdy_d01_<date>) |
single entry |
periodic_x |
.false. |
set to =.true. to use periodic boundary conditions in the x-direction |
max_dom |
symmetric_xs |
.false. |
set to =.true. to use symmetric boundary conditions on the x start side (west side) |
max_dom |
symmetric_xe |
.false. |
set to =.true. to use symmetric boundary conditions on the x end side (east side) |
max_dom |
open_xs |
.false. |
set to =.true. to use open boundary conditions on the x start side (west side) |
max_dom |
open_xe |
.false. |
set to =.true. to use open boundary conditions on the x end side (east side) |
max_dom |
periodic_y |
.false. |
set to =.true. to use periodic boundary conditions in the y-direction |
max_dom |
symmetric_ys |
.false. |
set to =.true. to use symmetric boundary conditions on the y start side (south side) |
max_dom |
symmetric_ye |
.false. |
set to =.true. to use symmetric boundary conditions on the y end side (north side) |
max_dom |
open_ys |
.false. |
set to =.true. to use open boundary conditions on the y start side (south side) |
max_dom |
open_ye |
.false. |
set to =.true. to use open boundary conditions on the y end side (north side) |
max_dom |
nested |
.false. |
set to =.true. to use nested boundary conditions; must be set to .true. for nests |
max_dom |
polar |
.false. |
set to =.true. to use a polar boundary condition (v=0 at polarward-most v-point); use for global application |
max_dom |
constant_bc |
.false. |
set to =.true. to use a constant boundary condition; for dfi_opt>0 |
single entry |
have_bcs_moist |
.false. |
set to =.true. to use the microphysics variables from the wrfbdy file in wrf.exe after running ndown |
max_dom |
have_bcs_scalar |
.false. |
set to =.true. to use scalar variables from the wrfbdy file in wrf.exe after running ndown |
max_dom |
&fdda¶
The following options are specific to Grid Nudging and assume grid_fdda=1 for each domain.
To use the options in this section, they must be set in the &fdda namelist record.
Namelist Parameter |
Default Setting |
Description |
Set for 1 or Multiple Domains (max_dom) |
|---|---|---|---|
grid_fdda |
0 |
option to turn on grid nudging; |
max_dom |
gfdda_inname |
wrffdda_d<domain> |
defined name of grid nudging input file that is produced when running real.exe |
single entry |
gfdda_interval_m |
0 |
time interval (in mins) between analysis times |
max_dom |
gfdda_end_h |
0 |
time (in hours) from the initial forecast time, to stop nudging |
max_dom |
io_form_gfdda |
2 |
output format for grid analysis data; |
single entry |
fgdt |
0 |
calculation frequency (in mins) for analysis nudging; 0=every time step, which is recommended |
max_dom |
if_no_pbl_nudging_uv |
0 |
set to =1 to turn off nudging of u and v in the PBL |
max_dom |
if_no_pbl_nudging_t |
0 |
set to =1 to turn off nudging of temperature in the PBL |
max_dom |
if_no_pbl_nudging_q |
0 |
set to =1 to turn off nudging of qvapor in the PBL |
max_dom |
guv |
0 |
nudging coefficient for u and v (s-1); a reasonable value is 0.0003 |
max_dom |
gt |
0 |
nudging coefficient for temperature (s-1); a reasonable value is 0.0003 |
max_dom |
gq |
0 |
nudging coefficient for qvapor (s-1); a reasonable value is 0.0003 |
max_dom |
if_ramping |
0 |
the method for ending nudging; |
single entry |
dtramp_min |
0 |
timestep (in mins) for ramping function |
single entry |
grid_sfdda |
0 |
type of surface grid nudging; |
max_dom |
sgfdda_inname |
wrfsfdda_d<domain> |
defined name of surface nudging input file that comes from the OBSGRID program |
single entry |
sgfdda_interval_m |
0 |
time interval (in mins) between surface analysis times |
max_dom |
sgfdda_end_h |
0 |
time (in hours) from the initial forecast time, to stop surface nudging |
max_dom |
io_form_sgfdda |
2 |
surface analysis output format; |
single entry |
guv_sfc |
0 |
surface nudging coefficient for u and v (s-1); a reasonable value is 0.0003 |
max_dom |
gt_sfc |
0 |
surface nudging coefficient for temperature (s-1); a reasonable value is 0.0003 |
max_dom |
gq_sfc |
0 |
surface nudging coefficient for qvapor (s-1); a reasonable value is 0.00001 |
max_dom |
rinblw |
0 |
radius of influence used to determine the confidence (or weights) for analysis, which is based on the distance between the grid point to the nearest observation; analysis for grid points without nearvy observations is used at a reduced weight |
max_dom |
Spectral Nudging¶
The following options are specific to Spectral Nudging and assume grid_fdda=2 for each domain. These options are declared in the &fdda namelist record.
Namelist Parameter |
Default Setting |
Description |
Set for 1 or Multiple Domains (max_dom) |
|---|---|---|---|
fgdtzero |
0 |
set to =1 to nudge tendencies to zero in between fdda calls |
max_dom |
if_no_pbl_nudging_ph |
0 |
set to =1 to turn off nudging of perturbation geopotential (ph) in the PBL |
max_dom |
if_zfac_uv |
0 |
determines which layers nudging will occur for u and v; |
max_dom |
k_zfac_uv |
0 |
below this model level, nudging is turned off for u and v |
max_dom |
dk_zfac_uv |
1 |
depth (in k dimension) between k_zfac_uv to dk_zfac_uv where nudging increases linearly to full strength |
max_dom |
if_zfac_t |
0 |
determines which layers nudging will occur for temperature; |
max_dom |
k_zfac_t |
0 |
below this model level, nudging is turned off for temperature |
max_dom |
dk_zfac_t |
1 |
depth (in k dimension) between k_zfac_t to dk_zfac_t where nudging increases linearly to full strength |
max_dom |
if_zfac_ph |
0 |
determines which layers nudging will occur for perturbation geopotential (ph); |
max_dom |
k_zfac_ph |
0 |
below this model level, nudging is turned off for perturbation geopotential (ph) |
max_dom |
dk_zfac_ph |
1 |
depth (in k dimension) between k_zfac_ph to dk_zfac_ph where nudging increases linearly to full strength |
max_dom |
if_zfac_q |
0 |
determines which layers nudging will occur for qvapor; |
max_dom |
k_zfac_q |
0 |
below this model level, nudging is turned off for qvapor |
max_dom |
dk_zfac_q |
1 |
depth (in k dimension) between k_zfac_q to dk_zfac_q where nudging increases linearly to full strength |
max_dom |
gph |
0 |
nudging coefficient for perturbation geopotential (ph); a reasonable value is 0.0003 |
max_dom |
ktrop |
0 |
option to cap spectral nudging of potential temperature and water vapor mixing ratio at a user-defined layer above the PBL; nominally selected to represent the tropopause |
single entry |
xwavenum |
0 |
top wave number to nudge in the x-direction; a reasonable value is 3 |
max_dom |
ywavenum |
0 |
top wave number to nudge in the y-direction; a reasonable value is 3 |
max_dom |
Observational Nudging¶
The following options are specific to Observational Nudging and assume obs_nudge_opt=1 for each domain. These options are declared in the &fdda namelist record.
Namelist Parameter |
Default Setting |
Description |
Set for 1 or Multiple Domains (max_dom) |
|---|---|---|---|
obs_nudge_opt |
0 |
set to =1 to turn on observational nudging; must also set auxinput11_invterval and auxinput11_end_h under &time_control in namelist.input |
max_dom |
max_obs |
0 |
maximum number of observations used for a domain during any given time window |
single entry |
fdda_start |
0 |
observational nudging start time (in mins) |
max_dom |
fdda_end |
0 |
observational nudging end time (in mins) |
max_dom |
obs_nudge_wind |
0 |
set to =1 to turn on wind nudging |
max_dom |
obs_coef_wind |
0 |
nudging coefficient for wind (s-1) |
max_dom |
obs_nudge_temp |
0 |
set to =1 to turn on temperature nudging |
max_dom |
obs_coef_temp |
0 |
nudging coefficient for temperature (s-1) |
max_dom |
obs_nudge_mois |
0 |
set to =1 to turn on vapor mixing ratio nudging |
max_dom |
obs_coef_mois |
0 |
nudging coefficient for vapor mixing ratio (s-1) |
max_dom |
obs_rinxy |
0 |
horizontal radius of influence (in km) |
max_dom |
obs_rinsig |
0 |
vertical radius of influence (in eta) |
single entry |
obs_twindo |
0 |
half-period time window over which an observation is used for nudging (in hours) |
max_dom |
obs_npfi |
0 |
frequency in coarse grid timesteps for diagnostic prints |
single entry |
obs_ionf |
1 |
frequency in coarse grid timesteps for observational input and error calculation |
max_dom |
obs_idynin |
0 |
for dynamic initialization, turns on ramping-down function to gradually turn off FDDA before the pure forecast |
single entry |
obs_dtramp |
0 |
time period (in mins) over which the nudging is ramped down from one to zero |
single entry |
obs_prt_max |
1000 |
maximum allowed obs entries in diagnostic printout |
single entry |
obs_prt_freq |
1000 |
frequency in observation index for diagnostic printout |
max_dom |
obs_ipf_in4dob |
.false. |
set to =.true. to print observational input diagnostics |
single entry |
obs_ipf_errob |
.false. |
set to =.true. to print observational error diagnostics |
single entry |
obs_ipf_nudob |
.false. |
set to =.true. to print observational nudging diagnostics |
single entry |
obs_ipf_init |
.true. |
enables observational printed warning messages |
single entry |
obs_no_pbl_nudge_uv |
0 |
set to =1 to turn off wind nudging within the PBL |
max_dom |
obs_no_pbl_nudge_t |
0 |
set to =1 to turn off temperature nudging within the PBL |
max_dom |
obs_no_pbl_nudge_q |
0 |
set to =1 to turn off moisture nudging within the PBL |
max_dom |
obs_nudgezfullr1_uv |
50 |
vertical influence of full weight height for lowest model level observations, PBL regime 1, winds (uv), temperature (t), and moisture (q) |
single entry |
obs_nudgezrampr1_uv |
50 |
vertical influence of ramp-to-zero height for lowest model level observations, regime 1, winds (uv), temperature (t), and moisture (q) |
single entry |
obs_nudgezfullr2_uv |
50 |
Vertical influence of full weight height for lowest model level observations, regime 2, winds (uv), temperature (t), and moisture (q) |
single entry |
obs_nudgezrampr2_uv |
50 |
vertical influence of ramp-to-zero height for lowest model level observations, regime 2, winds (uv), temperature (t), and moisture (q) |
single entry |
obs_nudgezfullr4_uv |
-5000 |
Vertical influence of full weight height for lowest model level observations, regime 4, winds (uv), temperature (t), and moisture (q) |
single entry |
obs_nudgezrampr4_uv |
50 |
vertical influence of ramp-to-zero height for lowest model level observations, regime 4, winds (uv), temperature (t), and moisture (q) |
single entry |
obs_nudgezfullmin |
50 |
minimum depth (in meters) through which the vertical influence function remains 1.0 |
single entry |
obs_nudgezrampmin |
50 |
minimum depth (in meters) through which the vertical influence function decreases from 1 to 0 |
single entry |
obs_nudgezmax |
3000 |
max depth (in meters) in which vertical influence function is non-zero |
single entry |
obs_sfcfact |
1.0 |
scale factor applied to the time window for surface observations |
single entry |
obs_sfcfacr |
1.0 |
scale factor applied to horizontal radius of influence for surface observations |
single entry |
obs_dpsmx |
7.5 |
max pressure change ( in cb) allowed within the horizontal radius of influence |
single entry |
obs_sfc_scheme_horiz |
0 |
horizontal spreading scheme for surface observations; |
single entry |
obs_sfc_scheme_vert |
0 |
vertical spreading scheme for surface observations; |
single entry |
obs_max_sndng_gap |
20 |
max allowed pressure gap (in cb) between soundings for interpolation |
single entry |
obs_scl_neg_qv_innov |
0 |
set to =1 to prevent nudging toward negative Qv |
single entry |
&noah_mp¶
To use the options in this section, they must be set in the &noah_mp namelist record.
Namelist Parameter |
Default Setting |
Description |
Set for 1 or Multiple Domains (max_dom) |
|---|---|---|---|
dveg |
4 |
dynamic vegetation option; for all options; |
single entry |
opt_crs |
1 |
stomatal resistance option; |
single entry |
opt_sfc |
1 |
surface layer drag coefficient calculation; |
single entry |
opt_btr |
1 |
soil moisture factor for stomatal resistance; |
single entry |
opt_run |
3 |
runoff and groundwater option; |
single entry |
opt_infdv |
0 |
infiltration option in dynamic VIC runoff scheme; only works when opt_run=8; works in V4.4+; |
single entry |
opt_frz |
1 |
supercooled liquid water option; |
single entry |
opt_inf |
1 |
soil permeability option; |
single entry |
opt_rad |
3 |
radiative transfer option; |
single entry |
opt_alb |
2 |
ground surface albedo option; |
single entry |
opt_snf |
1 |
precipitation partitioning between snow and rain; |
single entry |
opt_tbot |
2 |
soil temperature lower boundary condition; |
single entry |
opt_stc |
1 |
snow/soil temperature time scheme; |
single entry |
opt_gla |
1 |
glacier treatment option; |
single entry |
opt_rsf |
1 |
surface evaporation resistence option; |
single entry |
opt_soil |
1 |
options for defining soil properties; geogrid must have been run with GEOGRID.TBL.ARW.noahmp; use with caution; |
single entry |
opt_pedo |
1 |
option for pedotransfer functions; only works when opt_soil=3; geogrid must have been run with GEOGRID.TBL.ARW.noahmp; use with caution; |
single entry |
opt_crop |
0 |
options for crop model; |
single entry |
opt_irr |
0 |
irrigation option; geogrid must have been run with GEOGRID.TBL.ARW.noahmp; use with caution; |
single entry |
opt_irrm |
0 |
options for irrigation method; only works when opt_irr>0; geogrid must have been run with GEOGRID.TBL.ARW.noahmp; use with caution; |
single entry |
opt_tdrn |
0 |
tile drainage option; only confirmed to work with opt_run=3; geogrid must have been run with GEOGRID.TBL.ARW.noahmp; use with caution; new since V4.4; |
single entry |
soiltstep |
0.0 |
soil process timestep (in seconds) for solving soil water and temperature; new since V4.4; |
single entry |
noahmp_output |
1 |
Noah-MP output levels; new since V4.4; |
single entry |
noahmp_acc_dt |
0.0 |
bucket reset time interval (mins) between outputs for accumulation; only works with noahmp_output=3 |
single entry |
&dfi_control¶
The following options are specific to Digital Filter Initialization (DFI) and assume dfi_opt>0.
To use the options in this section, they must be set in the &dfi_control namelist record.
Namelist Parameter |
Default Setting |
Description |
Set for 1 or Multiple Domains (max_dom) |
|---|---|---|---|
dfi_opt |
0 |
digital filter initialization option; supports nesting with no feedback; |
single entry |
dfi_nfilter |
7 |
type of digital filter to use when dfi_opt>0; |
single entry |
dfi_write_filtered_input |
.true. |
when set to =.true., writes a wrfinput file with a filtered model state before beginning a forecast |
single entry |
dfi_write_dfi_history |
.false. |
set to =.true. to write wrfout files during filtering integration |
single entry |
dfi_cutoff_seconds |
3600 |
cutoff period (in seconds) for the filter; should not be longer than the filter window |
single entry |
dfi_time_dim |
1000 |
maximum number of time steps for the filtering period; this value can be larger than necessary |
single entry |
The following settings show an example for 1 hour backward integration for a model simulation that starts at 2004-03-13_12:00:00. These options are declared in the &dfi_control namelist record.
Namelist Parameter |
Default Setting |
Description |
Set for 1 or Multiple Domains (max_dom) |
|---|---|---|---|
dfi_bckstop_year |
2004 |
4-digit year of stop time for backward DFI integration |
single entry |
dfi_bckstop_month |
3 |
2-digit month of stop time for backward DFI integration |
single entry |
dfi_bckstop_day |
13 |
2-digit day of stop time for backward DFI integration |
single entry |
dfi_bckstop_hour |
11 |
2-digit hour of stop time for backward DFI integration |
single entry |
dfi_bckstop_minute |
0 |
2-digit minute of stop time for backward DFI integration |
single entry |
dfi_bckstop_second |
0 |
2-digit second of stop time for backward DFI integration |
single entry |
The following settings specify 30 minutes of forward integration for a model simulation that starts at 2004-03-13_12:00:00. These options are declared in the &dfi_control namelist record.
Namelist Parameter |
Default Setting |
Description |
Set for 1 or Multiple Domains (max_dom) |
|---|---|---|---|
dfi_fwdstop_year |
2004 |
4-digit year of stop time for forward DFI integration |
single entry |
dfi_fwdstop_month |
3 |
2-digit month of stop time for forward DFI integration |
single entry |
dfi_fwdstop_day |
13 |
2-digit day of stop time for forward DFI integration |
single entry |
dfi_fwdstop_hour |
12 |
2-digit hour of stop time for forward DFI integration |
single entry |
dfi_fwdstop_minute |
30 |
2-digit minute of stop time for forward DFI integration |
single entry |
dfi_fwdstop_second |
0 |
2-digit second of stop time for forward DFI integration |
single entry |
dfi_savehydmeteors |
0 |
Option for radar data assimilation: |
single entry |
&grib2¶
To use the options in this section, they must be set in the &grib2 namelist record.
Namelist Parameter |
Default Setting |
Description |
Set for 1 or Multiple Domains (max_dom) |
|---|---|---|---|
background_proc_id |
255 |
background generating process identifier (typically defined by the originating data center) to identify background data used in creating the data; this is octet 13 of Section 4 in the grib2 message |
single entry |
forecast_proc_id |
255 |
analysis or generating forecast process identifier (typically defined by the originating data center) to identify the forecast process used to generate the data; this is octet 14 of Section 4 in the grib2 message |
single entry |
production_status |
255 |
production status of processed data in the grib2 message; see Code Table 1.3 of the grib2 manual; this is octect 20 of Section 1 in the grib2 record |
single entry |
compression |
40 |
the compression method to encode the output grib2 message; only supported types are: |
single entry |
&scm¶
The Single Column Model (SCM) can only be run for a single domain. All options require only a single entry in the namelist. To use the options in this section, they must be set in the &scm namelist record.
Namelist Parameter |
Default Setting |
Description |
Set for 1 or Multiple Domains (max_dom) |
|---|---|---|---|
scm_force |
0 |
set to =1 to turn on single column forcing |
|
scm_force_dx |
4000 |
DX for SCM forcing (in meters) |
|
num_force_layers |
8 |
number of SCM input forcing layers |
|
scm_lu_index |
2 |
SCM landuse category; 2= dryland, cropland, and pasture; others can be found in the LANDUSE.TBL file in the run/ or test/em_real/ directory |
|
scm_isltyp |
4 |
SCM soil category; 4= silt loam; others can be found in the SOILPARM.TBL file in the run/ or test/em_real/ directory |
|
scm_vegfra |
50 |
SCM vegetation fraction (%) |
|
scm_canwat |
0 |
SCM canopy water (kg m-2) |
|
scm_lat |
36.605 |
SCM latitude |
|
scm_lon |
-97.485 |
SCM longitude |
|
scm_th_adv |
.true. |
turns on theta advection in SCM |
|
scm_wind_adv |
.true. |
turns on wind advection in SCM |
|
scm_qv_adv |
.true. |
turns on moisture advection in SCM |
|
scm_vert_adv |
.true. |
turns on vertical advection in SCM |
|
scm_ql_adv |
.false. |
set to =.true. to turn on liquid advection in SCM |
|
scm_force_skintemp |
0 |
set to =1 to turn on SCM forcing by skin temp |
|
scm_force_flux |
0 |
set to =1 to turn on SCM forcing by surface fluxes |
|
num_force_soil_layers |
5 |
number of SCM soil forcing layers |
|
scm_soilt_force |
.false. |
set to =.true. to turn on soil temperature forcing in SCM |
|
scm_soilq_force |
.false. |
set to =.true. to turn on moisture forcing in SCM |
|
scm_force_th_largescale |
.false. |
set to =.true. to turn on large-scale theta forcing in SCM |
|
scm_force_qv_largescale |
.false. |
set to =.true. to turn on large-scale qv forcing in SCM |
|
scm_force_ql_largescale |
.false. |
set to =.true. to turn on large-scale ql forcing in SCM |
|
scm_force_wind_largescale |
.false. |
set to =.true. to turn on large-scale wind forcing in SCM |
&tc¶
To use the options in this section, they must be set in the &tc namelist record.
Namelist Parameter |
Default Setting |
Description |
Set for 1 or Multiple Domains (max_dom) |
|---|---|---|---|
insert_bogus_storm |
.false. |
set to =.true. to insert a bogus tropical cyclone |
single entry |
remove_storm |
.false. |
set to =.true. to remove the original tropical cyclone; does not work if a TC did not already exist |
single entry |
num_storm |
1 |
the number of bogus TCs in the domain |
single entry |
latc_loc |
-999 |
center latitude of the bogus TC |
max_bogus |
lonc_loc |
-999 |
center longitude of the bogus TC |
max_bogus |
vmax_meters_per_second |
-999 |
wind max of bogus storm (m s-1) |
max_bogus |
rmax |
-999 |
maximum radius outward from storm center of bogus TC |
max_bogus |
vmax_ratio |
-999 |
ratio for representative maximum winds; 0.75 for 45 km grid, and 0.9 for 15 km grid |
max_bogus |
rankine_lid |
-999 |
top pressure limit for the TC bogus scheme |
single entry |
&diags¶
To output fields on pressure levels (p_lev_diags=1)
The following variables must be set in the &time_control record:
auxhist23_outname='wrfpress_d<domain>_<date>' : modify output stream and file name accordingly
io_form_auxhist23=2 : 2=netCDF file format
auxhist23_interval=180,180 : interval in minutes for each domain
frames_per_auxhist23=1,1 : number of files output per interval period
To vertically interpolate diagnostics to z-levels (z_lev_diags=1)
The following additional variables must set in the &time_control record (note the use of stream 22, instead of 23, as is used above):
auxhist22_outname='wrfpress_d<domain>_<date>' : modify output stream and file name accordingly
io_form_auxhist22=2 : 2=netCDF file format
auxhist22_interval=180,180 : interval in minutes for each domain
frames_per_auxhist22=1,1 : number of files output per interval period
To use the options in this section, they must be set in the &diags namelist record.
Namelist Parameter |
Default Setting |
Description |
Set for 1 or Multiple Domains (max_dom) |
|---|---|---|---|
p_lev_diags |
0 |
set to =1 to output pressure level diagnostics |
single entry |
num_press_levels |
0 |
number of pressure levels |
single entry |
press_levels |
0 |
specifically state the desired pressure levels (in Pa); one per num_press_levels |
max_plevs |
use_tot_or_hyd_p |
2 |
pressure option; |
single entry |
p_lev_missing |
-999 |
missing value below ground |
single entry |
z_lev_diags |
0 |
set to =1 to vertically interpolate diagnostics to z-levels |
single entry |
num_z_levels |
0 |
number of height levels to interpolate to |
single entry |
z_levels |
0 |
list of height values (in meters) to interpolate data to; positive numbers are for heights above mean sea level (i.e., a flight level); negative numbers are for levels above ground |
max_zlevs |
z_lev_missing |
-999 |
missing value below ground |
single entry |
extrap_below_grnd |
1 |
method used for extrapolating below ground; |
single entry |
solar_diagnostics |
0 |
set to =1 to turn on solar forecasting diagnostics for additional solar-related outputs; see full description in the “output diagnostics” section of the WRF Output chapter; new since V4.2 |
single entry |
&afwa¶
The following options are specific to AFWA diagnostics, and assumes afwa_daig_opt=1. To use the options in this section, they must be set in the &afwa namelist record.
Note
These options cannot be used with an OpenMP configuration.
Namelist Parameter |
Default Setting |
Description |
Set for 1 or Multiple Domains (max_dom) |
|---|---|---|---|
afwa_diag_opt |
0 |
set to =1 to turn on AFWA diagnostics |
max_dom |
afwa_ptype_opt |
0 |
set to =1 to turn on precipitation type option |
max_dom |
afwa_vil_opt |
0 |
set to =1 to turn on vertical int liquid option |
max_dom |
afwa_radar_opt |
0 |
set to =1 to turn on radar option |
max_dom |
afwa_severe_opt |
0 |
set to =1 to turn on severe weather option |
max_dom |
afwa_icing_opt |
0 |
set to =1 to turn on icing option |
max_dom |
afwa_vis_opt |
0 |
set to =1 to turn on visibility option |
max_dom |
afwa_cloud_opt |
0 |
set to =1 to turn on cloud option |
max_dom |
afwa_therm_opt |
0 |
set to =1 to turn on thermal indices option |
max_dom |
afwa_turb_opt |
0 |
set to =1 to turn on turbulence option |
max_dom |
afwa_buoy_opt |
0 |
set to =1 to turn on buoyancy option |
max_dom |
afwa_ptype_ccn_tmp |
264.15 |
CCN temperature for precipitation type calculation |
single entry |
afwa_ptype_tot_melt |
50 |
total melting energy for precipitation type calculation |
single entry |
&ideal¶
To use the options in this section, they must be set in the &ideal namelist record.
Namelist Parameter |
Default Setting |
Description |
Set for 1 or Multiple Domains (max_dom) |
|---|---|---|---|
ideal_case |
0 |
set to =1 to indicate this is an idealized test case; mandatory for all idealized cases |
single entry |